Effects of serpentine substrate on vegetation and soil development with special reference to Picea glehnii forest in Teshio district, Hokkaido, Japan     

Makoto Nakata  Satoru Kojima 《Forest Ecology and Management》1987,20(3-4):265-290

Characteristics of vegetation and soils in the serpentine area of northern Hokkaido were studied in comparison with non-serpentine areas of the same region, and with other serpentine areas of Japan and elsewhere in the world. The relationship between vegetation and soils is discussed.

Although forest vegetation of northern Hokkaido is generally represented by deciduous forest, coniferous forest, predominantly Picea glehnii, develops in the serpentine area. Deciduous trees are limited both in number and in size. Forest floor is densely covered with Sasa kurilensis. The shrub layer is also well developed, whereas the herb layer is poor but contains characteristic species. Soils developing in the serpentine area are determined as Podzol (Wet Iron Podzol), while Brown Forest Soil is commonly found in the non-serpentine areas of the region. The serpentine soils are shallow and moist, showing general morphology and chemistry of podzolic soil in upper horizons of the profile. In lower horizons, however, physico-chemical properties are strongly affected by the parent rock. In comparison with other serpentine areas of Japan and elsewhere, northern Hokkaido is unique in that the vegetation is represented by a relatively closed forest of fair-sized trees, and the soils by a podzol.

Such Picea glehnii forests and podzolic soils are considered an intrazonal phytogeocoenosis strongly affected by serpentine substrate. In this regard, the cool and humid climate as well as undulating relief of northern Hokkaido are also important factors for the development of the unique phytogeocoenosis.  相似文献   

Expression and distribution of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) in the gastrointestinal tract of calves     

Kirat D  Inoue H  Iwano H  Hirayama K  Yokota H  Taniyama H  Kato S 《Research in veterinary science》2005,79(1):45-50

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Male Pseudohermaphroditism in a raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procynoides)     

Weng Q  Murase T  Asano M  Tsubota T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(6):603-605

A wild raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procynoides) which died due to a traffic accident on 18 October 2001, and was determined to be 4.5 years old, was examined. Visual appearance of the external genitalia in this animal showed to be female with a large penis-like clitoris protruding from the vulvar juncture. Visual examination of the internal genitalia revealed that the animal possessed both testes and uterus. Histological appearance of the removed gonads showed only Sertoli cells but no spermatogenesis. Using polymerase chain reaction with skin biopsy directed against the sex-determining region on the Y chromosome (SRY) gene, the genomic SRY gene was expressed as a single band and sequenced. Based on these findings, this raccoon dog was diagnosed as male pseudohermaphrodite.  相似文献   

Changes in activities of enzymes related to energy metabolism in canine lymphoma cells     

Washizu T  Azakami D  Bonkobara M  Washizu M  Arai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(6):615-616

Alterations in the activities of enzymes related to energy metabolism in canine lymphoma cells were investigated. Cytosolic pyruvate kinase (PK) and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activities in lymphoma cells were significantly higher than those in lymphocytes obtained from lymph nodes of healthy dogs, whereas cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was significantly lower in lymphoma cells. The cytosolic M/L ratio (MDH activity/LDH activity), which is considered to be a good indicator of energy metabolism related to glucose utilization in animal tissues, was significantly higher in lymphoma cells than in the normal lymphocytes.  相似文献   

Proportion of abortions due to neosporosis among dairy cattle in Japan   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Koiwai M  Hamaoka T  Haritani M  Shimizu S  Kimura K  Yamane I 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(11):1173-1175

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to clarify the association between seropositive reactions to Neospora caninum and subsequent reproductive disorders among dairy cattle in Japan. A statistically significant association between Neospora seropositive reactions and abortions was observed (P=0.016), and seropositive cattle were 6.1 times more likely to abort compared to seronegative cows. No significant differences were observed between seropositive reactions and other reproductive disorders such as conception failure, perinatal death and calf mortality. As indicated by estimation of the attributable fraction, 83.6% of abortions in Neospora seropositive animals may be attributed to N. caninum. Considering seroprevalence of N. caninum in the cattle which aborted in Japan, 21.8% of abortions were estimated to be caused by neosporosis in Japan.  相似文献   

Infectivity of a novel type of Cryptosporidium andersoni to laboratory mice   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Matsubayashi M  Kimata I  Iseki M  Hajiri T  Tani H  Sasai K  Baba E 《Veterinary parasitology》2005,129(1-2):165-168

Previously, we reported 'a novel type' of Cryptosporidium andersoni detected from cattle in Japan, and showed that the isolate was infective to mice. In the present study, we examined the patterns of oocyst shedding in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent mice, as well as pathological lesions in the infected mice. After oral inoculation with 1 x 10(6) oocysts, all five severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice began to shed endogenously produced oocysts on day 6 post-inoculation (p.i.). The number of oocysts per day (OPD) reached 1 x 10(6) on day 17 p.i., and an OPD level of 1 x 10(6) to 10(7) was maintained until 91 days p.i. when the mice were sacrificed. In the five immunocompetent mice inoculated with 1 x 10(6) oocysts, the pre-patent and patent periods were 6 and 19 days, respectively, and the maximal OPD level was 1.5 x 10(5) on average. On histological examinations of infected SCID mice, a large number of parasites were present on the surface of the gastric glands of the stomach, but not in other organs examined. In conclusion, the novel type of C. andersoni, which genetically coincides with C. andersoni reported in other countries, is infective to mice, but susceptibility was lower than that of Cryptosporidium muris infecting rodents from the perspective of infectivity to immunocompetent mice.  相似文献   

Immunohistochemical localization of steroidogenic enzymes in corpus luteum of wild sika deer during early mating season     

Matsuura Y  Suzuki M  Hayakawa D  Asano M  Sasaki M  Kitamura N  Yamada J  Tsubota T  Ohtaishi N 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2004,51(3-4):167-172

We analyzed the localization of steroidogenic enzymes (P450 scc, 3 beta HSD, P450 arom and P450 c17) in the corpora lutea of two Hokkaido sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) during the early mating season. Two corpora lutea were found in each female and the timing of formation of the corpora lutea seemed different. P450 scc, and 3 beta HSD, positive luteal cells were found in both corpora lutea. The existence of two functional corpora lutea from the early mating season through pregnancy suggests that progesterone secreted by two or more corpora lutea is necessary for maintenance of pregnancy in sika deer.  相似文献   

A simple calculation for obtaining shunt fractions of portosystemic shunts     

Washizu M  Torisu S  Kondo Y  Shimizu N  Washizu T  Takemura N  Kinoshita G 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(4):449-451

Since the isotopes can not be utilized for veterinary patients in Japan, the authors developed a simple calculation formula of shunt fraction of portosystemic shunt based on the hepatic circulation model. The shunt fraction can be calculated utilizing only 2 portal pressure measurements of pre-shunt ligation and temporary or permanent shunt ligation. The calculated shunt fraction can obtained pre-ligation and post-ligation either temporally or permanent complete shunt ligation: complete ligation group of PSS (n=59) had 48.2 +/- 16.9% of shunt fractions, whereas the partial ligation group (n=48) had 71.6 +/- 10.7% of shunt fractions.  相似文献   

B-cell immunoblastic lymphoma with multinucleated giant cells in a cat     

Ohshima M  Morita T  Sawada M  Shimada A  Kobayashi H  Sawashima K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(2):189-191

A 10-year-old male mixed breed cat died after six months history of intermittent vomiting and weight loss. At necropsy, large white-colored foci were found in both kidneys, and whitish thickening of the gastric wall was present at the pyloric part of the stomach. Histopathological examination revealed that both lesions consisted of proliferation of large-sized neoplastic lymphocytes intermingled with multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for both B-cell antigen receptor complex (CD 79 alpha cy) and MHC class II, although multinucleated giant cells were negative. The present case was diagnosed as B-cell immunoblastic lymphoma with multinucleated giant cells.  相似文献   

Mass and local topography measurements of Itokawa by Hayabusa     

Abe S  Mukai T  Hirata N  Barnouin-Jha OS  Cheng AF  Demura H  Gaskell RW  Hashimoto T  Hiraoka K  Honda T  Kubota T  Matsuoka M  Mizuno T  Nakamura R  Scheeres DJ  Yoshikawa M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5778):1344-1347

The ranging instrument aboard the Hayabusa spacecraft measured the surface topography of asteroid 25143 Itokawa and its mass. A typical rough area is similar in roughness to debris located on the interior wall of a large crater on asteroid 433 Eros, which suggests a surface structure on Itokawa similar to crater ejecta on Eros. The mass of Itokawa was estimated as (3.58 +/- 0.18) x 10(10) kilograms, implying a bulk density of (1.95 +/- 0.14) grams per cubic centimeter for a volume of (1.84 +/- 0.09) x 10(7) cubic meters and a bulk porosity of approximately 40%, which is similar to that of angular sands, when assuming an LL (low iron chondritic) meteorite composition. Combined with surface observations, these data indicate that Itokawa is the first subkilometer-sized small asteroid showing a rubble-pile body rather than a solid monolithic asteroid.  相似文献