Selectivity of Three Miticides to Spider Mite Predator, （Acari： Phytoseiidae） Under Laboratory Conditions     

Ahmad Nadimi  Karim Kamali  Masoud Arbabi  Fateme Abdoli 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2009,8(3):326-331

The predatory mite, Phytoseius plumifer （Canestrini ＆ Fanzago）, is one of the most abundant natural enemies and efficient predator of phytophagous mites in Iran. The miticides hexythiazox （Nisorun, EC 10%）, fenpyroximate （Ortus, SC 5%）, and abamectin （Vertimec, EC 1.8%） were tested in the laboratory for their side effects on P. plumifer. The miticides were applied at the highest field recommended concentration （N） to detached leaves using a Potter Tower to deposit 2 mg spray solution per cm2. Percent predator mortality was evaluated from the protonymph up to the adult stage including the first five days of the oviposition period. Analysis of data showed that the total effect values of hexythiazox were below the lower threshold, and thus it could be considered to be a harmless miticide to P. plumifer. In contrast, the total effects of fenpyroximate and abamectin were found harmful to the predatory mite at the highest field recommended concentrations.  相似文献   

Imposed starvation for in vitro maintenance and high regeneration of elite key lime (Citrus aurantifolia)     

Saeed Soheilivand  Mohammad Reza Safarnejad  Naser Farrokhi  Mohsen Mardi  Masoud Tohidfar 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2018,93(5):474-482

Preservation of elite key lime (Citrus aurantifolia) genotypes using efficient micropropagation and regeneration protocols is very important for new breeding programmes. The objective of the present study was to develop an efficient protocol for micropropagation and maintenance of elite genotypes of key lime based on slow growth and starvation strategy. To do this, regenerated shoots were starved, and the growth was compromised via avoiding subcultures for 4, 8, 12 and 24 months. The numbers of responsive explants and adventitious shoots per each explant were evaluated in the presence of benzylaminopurine (BAP). The results showed that the 12- and 24-month starved explants treated with 1 mg/l BAP were able to produce four times more shoots than the control. In addition, the influences of horizontal or vertical layering explants over medium were evaluated. The results indicated that all horizontally layered explants significantly produced 25% adventitious shoots more than vertical explants, most likely owing to more contact with the surface medium. Finally, it could be concluded that application of slow growth, starvation strategy and also horizontally layering of the explants could efficiently enhance micropropagation and maintenance of threatened elite key lime genotypes with a low cost.  相似文献   

Response of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) seedlings to canopy gap size     

Tabari  Masoud; Fayaz  Payam; Espahbodi  Kambiz; Staelens  Jeroen; Nachtergale  Lieven 《Forestry》2005,78(4):443-450

The response of nursery seedlings and wildings of oriental beech(Fagus orientalis Lipsky) to canopy gap size was studied ina climax beech forest in northern Iran with respect to seedlingsurvival, shoot growth and vitality. These parameters were followedfor 2 years after planting in gaps of 50, 200 and 600 m², aswell as in the open field. Foliage coloration was used as acriterion for vitality. The survival rate of nursery seedlingsand wildings dropped rapidly with increasing gap size from 84per cent in 50-m² canopy openings to  相似文献   

Risk factors for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Mycobacterium avium</Emphasis> subspecies <Emphasis Type="Italic">paratuberculosis</Emphasis> in Fars province (Southern Iran) dairy herds     

Ansari-Lari M  Haghkhah M  Bahramy A  Novin Baheran AM 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(4):553-557

A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2006 in dairy herds in Fars province, southern Iran to determine the herd-level risk factors for infection with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). Statistical analysis using multivariable logistic regression showed that contamination of udders of periparturient cows with manure (OR = 6.4, P = 0.02) and history of having suspected cases of Johne's disease in the herd (OR = 6.7, P = 0.04) were significantly associated with the herd infection status. No relationship between breed, herd size and other management practices with the infection status of the herd were found in this study. Implementing high sanitary measures in the farm, particularly with respect to manure handling and cleaning could be considered as one of the important aspects in controlling disease in the region as well as in the future educational effort.  相似文献   

Effect of topical 1% tropicamide on Schirmer tear test results in clinically normal horses     

Masoud Selk Ghaffari  Amin Sabzevari†  Behrad Radmehr 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2009,12(6):369-371

Objective  To observe the effect of topical 1% tropicamide on equine tear production as measured by Schirmer I tear test.
Materials and methods  Fourteen adult horses received one drop of 1% tropicamide ophthalmic solution in one eye and the opposite eye served as the control. The tear production in both eyes was tested at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 24 h after 1% tropicamide administration.
Results  Measurements made 1 h after treatment revealed a significant reduction in Schirmer tear test values in tropicamide treated eyes ( P  = 0.002). The observed decrease in tear production was maintained up to 4 h after treatment ( P  = 0.002). Although tropicamide-induced decrease in STT values was observed in the treated eyes, the contralateral eyes did not show significant changes in Schirmer tear test results.
Conclusion  Single dose of topical 1% tropicamide resulted in statistically significant reduction in Schirmer tear test values in clinically normal horses.  相似文献   

Splash dispersal of Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides spores in wheat monocrop and wheat–clover bicrop canopies from simulated rain     

M. J. Soleimani  M. L. Deadman  & H. A. McCartney 《Plant pathology》1996,45(6):1065-1070

Simulated rain was allowed to fall onto spore suspensions of Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides . The resulting splash droplets were collected on horizontal traps at the bottom of a canopy and at 12 cm above treatments comprising no-crop, wheat monocrop and a wheat–clover bicrop. The number of conidia collected on horizontal traps declined exponentially with distance from the inoculum source. The mean number of spores collected in the absence of any crop was twice that in a monocrop; in the monocrop it was twice that in the bicrop. Both splash droplet and spore deposition gradients were steeper in the monocrop treatment than in no-crop, and shallower in bicrop than in monocrop. Evidence is presented that suggests the clover canopy acts as a secondary source for the redistribution of previously dispersed droplets and spores.  相似文献   

Fabrication and Characterization of Nanocomposite Hydrogel Based on Alginate/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Loaded with Linum usitatissimum Extract as a Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold     

Mahnaz Mohammadpour  Hadi Samadian  Nader Moradi  Zhila Izadi  Mahdieh Eftekhari  Masoud Hamidi  Amin Shavandi  Anthony Quro  Emmanuel Petit  Cdric Delattre  Redouan Elboutachfaiti 《Marine drugs》2022,20(1)

In the current paper, we fabricated, characterized, and applied nanocomposite hydrogel based on alginate (Alg) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) loaded with phenolic purified extracts from the aerial part of Linum usitatissimum (LOH) as the bone tissue engineering scaffold. nHA was synthesized based on the wet chemical technique/precipitation reaction and incorporated into Alg hydrogel as the filler via physical cross-linking. The characterizations (SEM, DLS, and Zeta potential) revealed that the synthesized nHA possess a plate-like shape with nanometric dimensions. The fabricated nanocomposite has a porous architecture with interconnected pores. The average pore size was in the range of 100–200 µm and the porosity range of 80–90%. The LOH release measurement showed that about 90% of the loaded drug was released within 12 h followed by a sustained release over 48 h. The in vitro assessments showed that the nanocomposite possesses significant antioxidant activity promoting bone regeneration. The hemolysis induction measurement showed that the nanocomposites were hemocompatible with negligible hemolysis induction. The cell viability/proliferation confirmed the biocompatibility of the nanocomposites, which induced proliferative effects in a dose-dependent manner. This study revealed the fabricated nanocomposites are bioactive and osteoactive applicable for bone tissue engineering applications.  相似文献   

Genetic structure,clonality and diversity in commercial pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars     

Shahsavari  Shiva  Noormohammadi  Zahra  Sheidai  Masoud  Farahani  Farah  Vazifeshenas  Mohammad Rreza 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2021,68(7):2943-2957

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - The pomegranate fruit is one of the most important horticultural products due to the presence of polyphenols, anti-oxidant and anti-fungal compounds. In the...  相似文献   

Optimization of elecrospinning process of zein using central composite design     

Mohammad Amin Miri  Jebrail Movaffagh  Mohammad B. Habibi Najafi  Masoud Najaf Najafi  Behrouz Ghorani  Arash Koocheki 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(5):769-777

Biodegradable edible sub-micron electrospun zein fibers were prepared using acetic acid as solvent. The solution concentration at three levels: 22, 26 and 30 w/v %, the electrospinning voltage at three levels: 10, 20 and 30 kV, the solution flow rate at three levels: 4, 8 and 12 ml/h and the distance between needle tip and collector at three levels: 10, 15 and 20 cm were studied. Central composite design (CCD) was utilized to modeling the effect of electrospinning parameters of zein solution on average fiber diameters and the data were analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). Coefficient of determination, R², of fitted regression model was higher than 0.9 for response. The analysis of variance table showed that the lack of fit was not significant for response surface model at 95 %. Therefore, the model for response variable was highly adequate. Results also indicated that the solution concentration had significant influence (P<0.0001) on morphology and diameter of fibers. By increasing the solution concentration, uniform and bead-free fibers were obtained. As the solution concentration was increased, the average fiber diameters were also increased. Furthermore, the electrospinning voltage had significant effect (P<0.0001) on average fiber diameters. By increasing the electrospinning voltage, the average fiber diameters increased. The solution flow rate and the distance between needle tip and collector had no significant influence on the average fiber diameters. According to model optimization, the minimum average fiber diameter of electrospun zein fiber is given by following conditions: 24 w/v % zein concentration, 10 kV of the applied voltage, 10 cm of needle tip to collector distance, and 4 ml/h of solution flow rate.  相似文献   

Foliar Nitrogen as an Indicator of Nitrogen Deposition and Critical Loads Exceedance on a European Scale     

Carole E.R. Pitcairn  Ian D. Leith  David Fowler  Ken J. Hargreaves  Masoud Moghaddam  Valerie H. Kennedy  Lennart Granat 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):1037-1042

The foliar N content of bryophytes and Calluna vulgaris (L.) has been shown to be an indicator of atmospheric N deposition in the UK at a regional scale (1000km) and more recently on a smaller scale in the vicinity of intensive livestock farms. This work extends the geographical scale of the relationship between foliar N concentration of Calluna vulgaris and other ericaceous shrubs and N deposition with 2 measurement transects, one extending from northern Finland to southern Norway (2000 km) and the other extending from central Sweden to Stockholm, south east Sweden (330 km). Included in the second transect is a region of complex terrain in the Transtrand uplands, where the variation in N deposition with altitude and canopy cover was quantified using ²¹⁰Pb inventories in organic soil. The relationship between foliar N (F_N) and N deposition was shown to increase linearly with N deposition (N_D) over the range 0.8% N to 1.4% N according to F_N = 0.040N_D + 0.793 (r² = 0.70). The data are entirely consistent with earlier studies which together provide a valuable indicator of critical loads exceedance, the threshold value being approximately 1.5% N, which is equivalent to a N deposition of 20 kg N ha^?1 y^?1.  相似文献