THE TWENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY OF INITIATION OF RESEARCH IN THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON     

Merriam JC  Conklin EG  Carty JJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1929,69(1797):585-592

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THE PLACE OF GEOLOGY AMONG THE SCIENCES     

Merriam JC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1929,70(1821):491-493

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A METHOD OF FIXING THE TYPE IN CERTAIN GENERA     

Allen JA  Bangs O  Evermann BW  Gill T  Howell AH  Jordan DS  Merriam CH  Miller GS  Nelson EW  Rathbun M  Thomas O 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1902,16(394):114-115

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SCIENTIFIC SURVEYS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS     

Brewer WH  Becker GF  Merriam CH  Putnam FW  Woodward RS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1905,21(542):761-770

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The role and importance of farriery in equine veterinary practice.     

Jay G Merriam 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2003,19(2):273-283

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Corridor use by small mammals: field measurement for three experimental types of Peromyscus leucopus     

Gray Merriam  Alain Lanoue 《Landscape Ecology》1990,4(2-3):123-131

Eighteen mice of each of 3 types were radio-tagged and released at 6 standard points in farmland fencerows. Mice were residents (trapped on site) or translocated from distant forest or from distant corn fields. Of total (net) distance moved, most was in fencerows; 77% for residents, 83% for mice translocated from cropland and 92% for mice translocated from forest. Structurally complex fencerows were preferred significantly over intermediate or simple structures by all types of mice. Time spent in movement was not a linear function of distance moved and averaged from 12.5 to 16.5% of total available activity time. Total distance moved in 2 nights averaged 287 to 422 m and area explored averaged 0.67 to 1.15 ha and ranged to 11.0 ha; both exceed literature values for this species in forest. This enlarged scale of landscape use illustrates the potential importance of landscape-specific behaviour. The measurement of rate of corridor use also is discussed.  相似文献   

Population structure of ALS-inhibiting herbicide-resistant Sonchus oleraceus in South Australia     

Alicia B Merriam  Jenna M Malone  James P Hereward  Gurjeet Gill  Christopher Preston 《Pest management science》2023,79(9):3200-3210

Background

Annual sowthistle is a weed that is difficult to control in lentil crops in southern Australia due to a lack of herbicide options, widespread herbicide resistance and prolific production of highly mobile seed. This study investigates herbicide resistance in annual sowthistle in the Mid-North (MN) and Yorke Peninsula (YP) regions of South Australia, identifies and characterizes the mechanisms of acetolactate-synthase (ALS)-inhibitor resistance in this amphidiploid species, and combines this with analyses of population structure and gene flow.

Results

ALS-inhibitor-resistant annual sowthistle is widespread across the YP and MN of South Australia and is associated with a variety of Proline-197 mutations of the ALS gene, including leucine, alanine, arginine, serine, threonine and histidine. These mutations were found in different combinations on either of the two copies of the ALS gene. An additional 200 tissue samples were collected from across a single field on the YP and the ALS gene was sequenced for all these individuals. Different ALS-inhibitor resistance profiles were evident between mutation combinations and within mutation combinations, possibly mediated by differing subgenome assortment of the mutations, or altered gene experession of the two ALS homeologs. Population genetics analysis showed evidence of long-distance dispersal, resulting in highly mobile resistance genes, and multiple instances of resistance mutation evolution.

Conclusions

Continuing selection of Sonchus oleraceus populations with ALS-inhibiting herbicides has resulted in the accumulation of additional mutations within the ALS gene. New practices to control herbicide-resistant S. oleraceus should be examined, and control should focus on reducing seed set and dispersal to prevent the spread of emerging cases of resistance. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

Field transmission of the potato spindle tuber virus and virus X by cultivating and hilling equipment     

F. E. Manzer  Donald Merriam 《American Journal of Potato Research》1961,38(10):346-352

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OCCURRENCE OF PLEISTOCENE VERTEBRATES IN AN ASPHALT DEPOSIT NEAR MCKITTRICK,CALIFORNIA     

Merriam JC  Stock C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1921,54(1406):566-567

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Testing maine potato seed stocks in Florida for presence of virus X     

F. E. Manzer  R. C. McCrum  D. C. Merriam 《American Journal of Potato Research》1975,52(5):137-141

Seed lots of the ‘Katahdin’ cultivar originating from the Maine Seed Potato Board’s program to eliminate potato virus X (PVX) were tested for PVX content. Leaf samples were selected from test lots grown in south Florida at the Maine Department of Agriculture’s Florida Seed Testing Farm. In 1971 and 1973 samples were brought back to the laboratory at Presque Isle, Maine where tests were conducted both serologically and onGomphrena globosa. In 1972 serological tests were conducted in Florida and samples were also brought back to Maine. In 1974 tests usingG. globosa were conducted at the farm site in Florida. Considerable variation in PVX content among lots was found in each year of testing, demonstrating the need for a routine yearly testing program for PVX. Experiments conducted in Florida in 1975 suggest that use of composite sampling methods can facilitate the handling of a much larger volume of tests each year.  相似文献