AN EXPERIMENT IN MEDICAL PEDAGOGY     

LE Count ER 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1910,32(835):942-948

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Serological survey for antibodies against bovine viral diarrhoea virus and Neospora caninum in a population of South Australian alpacas (Vicugna pacos)          下载免费PDF全文

PD Cockcroft  LE Dornin  RC Lambert  J Perry  MP Reichel 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(12):476-478

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Implication of FKBP6 for Male Fertility in Horses          下载免费PDF全文

R Schrimpf  J Metzger  G Martinsson  H Sieme  O Distl 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(2):195-199

In stallions, impaired acrosome reaction (IAR) may often cause subfertility. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within FK506‐binding protein (FKBP6) seem to be associated with IAR in stallions. However, their effect on stallion fertility has not yet been quantified. Using whole‐genome sequence data of seven stallions, we searched FKBP6 for mutations to perform an association study in Hanoverian stallions with estimated breeding values for the paternal component of the pregnancy rate per oestrus cycle (EBV‐PAT) as target trait. Genotyping five exonic mutations within FKBP6 revealed a significant association of the SNP g.11040379C>A (p.167H>N) with EBV‐PAT in 216 Hanoverian stallions. The difference among the two homozygous genotypes was 7.62% in EBV‐PAT, corresponding to one standard deviation of EBV‐PAT. In conclusion, in Hanoverian stallions, the FKBP6‐associated SNP g.11040379C>A confers higher conception rates in A/A homozygous and lower conception rates in C/C homozygous Hanoverian stallions. Thus, an FKBP6‐associated missense mutation is significantly associated with stallion fertility.  相似文献   

Insoluble fraction of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) protein possessing cholesterol-binding properties that reduce micelle cholesterol solubility and uptake by Caco-2 cells     

Metzger BT  Barnes DM  Reed JD 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(15):6032-6038

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) protein (BWP) exhibits hypocholesterolemic activity in several animal models by increasing fecal excretion of neutral and acidic sterols. In the current study, the ability of BWP to disrupt micelle cholesterol solubility by sequestration of cholesterol was investigated. When BWP (0.2%) was incubated with cholesterol and micelle lipid components prior to micelle formation, cholesterol solubility was reduced 40%. In contrast, cholesterol solubility was not decreased when BWP (0.2%) was incubated after micelle formation and incorporation of soluble cholesterol. Buckwheat flour, from which BWP was derived, had no significant effect on cholesterol solubility. Cholesterol uptake in Caco-2 cells from micelles made in the presence of BWP (0.2%) was reduced by 47, 36, 35, and 33% when compared with buckwheat flour, bovine serum albumin, casein, and gelatin, respectively. Reduction in cholesterol uptake in Caco-2 cells was dose-dependent, with maximum reductions at 0.1-0.4% BWP. In cholesterol-binding experiments, 83% of the cholesterol was associated with an insoluble BWP fraction, indicating strong cholesterol-binding capacity that disrupts solubility and uptake by Caco-2 cells.  相似文献   

江西省芝麻地方种质表型性状遗传多样分析          下载免费PDF全文

王郅琪  孙建  周红英  颜小文  梁俊超  赵云燕  饶月亮  危文亮  乐美旺 《南方农业学报》2022,53(4):1021-1029

【目的】对江西省芝麻地方种质资源进行表型性状遗传多样分析,为江西芝麻种质资源的有效利用及开发提供理论参考。【方法】依托“第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动”从江西省39个县(市、区)收集到的132份芝麻地方种质为试验材料,对其23个表型性状(12个质量性状和11个数量性状)进行测定,并计算遗传多样性指数和变异系数。同时,对11个数量性状进行相关分析,并对供试种质进行聚类分析。【结果】23个表型性状的平均遗传多样性指数为1.2821,其中,12个质量性状的遗传多样性指数为0.3217~1.0307,平均0.7290;11个数量性状的变异系数为4.70%~43.58%,遗传多样性指数为1.6138~2.0627,平均1.8855。3种粒色类型芝麻种质中,以46份白芝麻种质表型性状的平均遗传多样性指数最高,为1.3602,74份黑芝麻种质和12份其他粒色(黄色、褐色、黄褐色、红褐色等)芝麻种质表型性状的平均遗传多样性指数分别为1.1782和1.0476。生育期与株高、始蒴高度、蒴果长、千粒重和蛋白含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,下同),但与含油量呈极显著负相关。供试的132份芝麻种质资源可分为四大类,不同类群种质的来源地存在地理位置的交错分布现象,其中,第Ⅰ类群可作为潜在选育芝麻高含油量新品种的亲本材料,第Ⅱ类群可作为潜在高产优良芝麻材料利用,第Ⅲ类群可作为潜在矮杆株型的亲本材料,第Ⅳ类群可作为潜在的高蛋白型亲本材料加以利用。【结论】江西芝麻地方种质资源的主要表型性状变异较大,遗传多样性较丰富,其中以46份白芝麻种质的遗传多样性更丰富。种质间亲缘关系与地理来源无必然联系。以高产高蛋白为育种目标时应选择株高较高,始蒴高度适中、蒴果较大、千粒重较高的材料为亲本,并据此进行后代选择。  相似文献   

生姜主栽品种枯萎病抗性评价及抗病性鉴定指标筛选          下载免费PDF全文

周洁  王艳红  刘德麒  席克勇  杨培华  蔡小东  李港  马佳伟  贾切  乐有章 《南方农业学报》2022,53(9):2557-2567

【目的】筛选抗枯萎病的生姜品种,建立抗病评价体系,为生姜枯萎病抗病品种选育及抗病机理研究提供理论参考。【方法】选取5个生姜主产区的主栽品种,采用室内人工接种法测定枯萎病菌(腐皮镰刀菌)侵染对不同生姜品种超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、几丁质酶(CHI)、β-1,3-葡聚糖苷酶(GLU)活性及次生抗菌物质含量、超氧阴离子(O₂-·)、过氧化氢(H₂O₂)、丙二醛(MDA)含量等的影响,结合抗病系数、主成分分析、聚类分析、相关分析和隶属函数对5个生姜品种幼苗的抗病性进行综合评价。【结果】山东大姜病情指数最低(4.0)、发病率最低(4%)、发病周期最长(24 d),表现出较强的抗病性;罗平小黄姜病情指数最高(45.2)、发病周期最短(7 d),表现抗病性较弱。不同生姜品种幼苗接菌后的生理生化指标均出现不同程度的变化,其中,山东大姜的抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性、防御酶(PAL、CHI、GLU)活性和次生抗菌物质(总酚、类黄酮、木质素)含量均高于其他品种,O₂-·、H₂O₂和MDA含量低于其他品种,而罗平小黄姜呈现相反趋势。主成分分析将12个单项生理生化指标转换为3个独立综合指标,聚类分析将5个生姜品种划分为3类,结合隶属函数综合评价结果,5个生姜品种抗病性强弱表现为:山东大姜>凤头姜>竹根姜>贵州黄姜>罗平小黄姜,与人工接种试验中5个品种的发病程度一致。相关分析结果显示,SOD和类黄酮与抗病性综合评价值(D值)呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。【结论】5个生姜品种中山东大姜抗病性最强,罗平小黄姜抗病性最弱;SOD和类黄酮可作为生姜枯萎病抗性鉴定的主要参考指标。  相似文献   

基于多元统计法的不同果实大小桃溪蜜柚品质综合评价     

勒思  魏清江  雷常玉  董兴华  桑嘉玘 《江西农业大学学报》2021,43(4):740-749

[目的]桃溪蜜柚果实品质好,经济效益明显,发展前景十分广阔,但不同大小果实的品质存在差异,研究通过探究不同大小桃溪蜜柚果实的品质特性和综合评价方法,以期为桃溪蜜柚的高品质生产提供依据.[方法]选取树势基本一致的5年生枳砧桃溪蜜柚为材料,果实成熟后采收,根据桃溪蜜柚单果质量,分为<600 g,600～700 g,700～900 g,900～1100 g,>1100 g 5个等级,通过测定桃溪蜜柚果实的外观品质、物理特性和风味品质,对不同等级的果实品质进行比较,并使用SPSS软件进行相关性分析,采用主成分分析法、模糊综合评判等权分析法和模糊综合评判加权分析法进行综合评价.[结果]不同大小的桃溪蜜柚果实品质存在差异,随着单果质量增大,果实的横径、纵径、种子数和可食率增大,而果实可溶性固形物含量和固酸比则下降.果实果形指数、果皮厚度、囊瓣数、出汁率,可滴定酸含量、可溶性糖含量、维生素C含量和糖酸比在不同大小果实中无显著差异.相关性分析结果表明桃溪蜜柚果实大小与果实的横径、纵径、种子数和可食率呈极显著正相关水平(P<0.01),相关性系数分别为0.981、0.981、0.978和0.976,与果实的可溶性固性物呈显著负相关水平(P<0.05),相关性系数为0.945.3种综合评价方法中主成分分析法和模糊综合评判等权分析法的评价结果较为一致,可作为不同果实大小桃溪蜜柚品质综合评价方法.果实单果质量700～900 g的综合品质最佳,其次是单果质量>1100 g,然后是单果质量900～1100 g,单果质量600～700 g、单果质量<600 g.[结论]果实大小对桃溪蜜柚果实的外观品质、物理特性和风味品质均有影响,其中大果的横径、纵径、单果质量和可食率优于中小果,而中小果的风味品质优于大果,综合评价结果表明中果的综合品质最佳,其次是大果和小果.该研究结果可为桃溪蜜柚果实分级标准修订和花果管理提供参考依据,进而提高桃溪蜜柚果品商品率和果品品质,提升果品市场竞争力.  相似文献   

Helminth parasites of freshwater fishes from Cuatro Ciénegas,Coahuila, in the Chihuahuan Desert of Mexico: inventory and biogeographical implications     

Rogelio AGUILAR‐AGUILAR  Andrés MARTÍNEZ‐AQUINO  Héctor ESPINOSA‐PÉREZ  Gerardo PÉREZ‐PONCE DE LEÓN 《Integrative zoology》2014,9(3):328-339

As part of an ongoing inventory of the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes in Mexico, 570 individual fish were collected between Apr 2008 and Oct 2011 in 26 localities along the Cuatro Ciénegas region in Coahuila State, northern Mexico. Seventeen species of hosts, mostly corresponding to Nearctic freshwater elements, were studied. A total of 8324 individual worms were collected during this survey, representing 25 species of helminths, of which 9 were digeneans, 3 monogeneans, 3 acanthocephalans, 9 nematodes and 1 cestode. Most of the records in this checklist represent new host or locality records. The information provided in this checklist may be helpful for our understanding of the biodiversity and historical biogeography of this host–parasite system, because in the Cuatro Ciénegas region occur a Nearctic freshwater fish fauna, along with Neotropical and endemic elements, and from a biogeographical point of view, this may represent a transitional area.  相似文献   

配施硼、锌肥及施用方法对芝麻生长及产量的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王苏影  颜廷献  徐宝庆  熊清云  孙建  马众文  刘宗发  乐美旺 《江西农业学报》2014,(12)

以黑芝麻赣芝9号为材料,在等量复合肥作为底肥施用的条件下,研究了硼肥、锌肥作为底肥施用和作叶面肥喷施对芝麻生长及产量的影响。结果表明,锌肥作为底肥施用芝麻产量最高,其次是硼肥作为叶面肥喷施。锌肥作为叶面肥喷施,对芝麻也有显著的增产效果,而硼肥作为底肥施用远不如作为叶面肥喷施的增产效果明显。锌肥和硼肥作为叶面肥以及硼肥作为底肥均能增加芝麻的叶绿素含量。  相似文献   

追肥对九丰1号金银花生长和产量的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

勒栋梁  刘晓鹏  孙小芳  丁振国  丁峰峻  梁玉堂 《现代农业科技》2014,(13):63-65

通过安排田间小区试验,研究了春季追施氮、磷、钾肥对九丰1号金银花产量和生长的影响。结果表明,施肥可有效促进金银花生长和产量提升,在适当增施氮肥的基础上施入一定量的磷、钾肥可进一步增加金银花产量。在本研究中,在不涉及金银花品质的前提下,三年生九丰1号金银花春季使用氮、磷、钾总肥量700 kg/hm2,氮磷钾比例为1.00∶0.67∶0.67时,植株生长良好,产量最高。  相似文献