外施CO_2时光照度对大花蕙兰试管苗生长和叶片气孔特征的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何松林  蒋要卫  王政  田中道男 《河南农业大学学报》2009,43(6)

以大花蕙兰(Cymbidium hookerianum)为试材,在外施CO_2条件下使用CP培养容器,比较不同光照度(14.4,30.6,54.0 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))对大花蕙兰试管苗生长和叶片气孔特征的影响.结果显示,改善CP容器内CO_2浓度水平后,提高光照度可明显促进大花蕙兰试管苗的生长.高光照度(54.0 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))下培养的试管苗与标准光照度(30.6 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))相比,气孔密度虽较低,但其形态指标、叶绿素指数、气孔器大小和面积等重要测定指标却有明显提高;与低光照度(14.4 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))相比,高光照度下培养的试管苗除株高、叶数、根长和气孔密度外,其它重要指标也均有明显提高,表明外施CO_2条件下高光照度对促进大花蕙兰试管苗的生长和提高其品质效果明显.  相似文献   

Age and growth of the lizardfish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Saurida elongata</Emphasis> from the Tsushima/Korea Strait     

Takeshi Sakai  Michio Yoneda  Tetsuro Shiraishi  Muneharu Tokimura  Hiroshi Horikawa  Michiya Matsuyama 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(4):895-902

We studied the age and growth of the lizardfish Saurida elongata using ground thin sections of otoliths (sagittae) from specimens collected in the Tsushima/Korea Strait between May 1999 and June 2001. A total of 695 individuals with fork lengths (FL) ranging from 189 to 478 mm were examined. The frequency of translucent zone occurrence at the outer margin of the otoliths indicated that translucent zones formed once a year between November and February. Most of the males examined were estimated to be 2–7 years old and the females, 3–9 years old. The maximum estimated age of a male specimen was 10 years and that of a female, 11 years. The estimated von Bertalanffy growth curves were FL _t  = 451{1 − exp[−0.172(t + 2.50)]} and FL _t  = 515{1 − exp[−0.151(t + 2.47)]} for males and females, respectively. At all ages, the FL at a specific age for females was greater than that for males, suggesting that females of this species grow faster than males.  相似文献   

Effect of the methoxyiminoacetamide fungicide,SSF129, on respiratory activity in Botrytis cinerea     

Hiroto Tamura  Akira Mizutani  Hideo Yukioka  Nobuo Miki  Katsuaki Ohba  Michio Masuko 《Pest management science》1999,55(7):681-686

(E)-2-Methoxyimino-N-methyl-2-[2-(2,5-dimethylphenoxymethyl)phenyl]acetamide (SSF129) has been developed as a broad-spectrum systemic fungicide for control of cereal and fruit diseases. This compound inhibited NADH-oxidation by submitochondrial particles from mycelial cells of Botrytis cinerea, with an EC₅₀ value of 14.5 nM , due to blockage of electron transport through the cytochrome bc₁ complex in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. However, SSF129 did not suppress, but rather increased, oxygen consumption by mycelial cells of the fungus. This was because mycelial cells contain an alternative oxidase protein and the cells have the ability to rapidly switch electron flux from the main cytochrome pathway to the alternative pathway on blockage of the former by SSF129. The alternative pathway of the mycelia seems not to be operative when the cytochrome pathway is functional. Naturally occurring flavonoids inhibited the alternative oxidase of the mycelial cells in a dose-dependent manner, with EC₅₀ values of 68.4 µM for flavone and 63.7 µM for flavanone. These observations suggested that plant components play an important role in control of gray mould by SSF129. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Effects of photoperiod and night‐time aeration rate on swim bladder inflation and survival in Pacific bluefin tuna,Thunnus orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel), larvae          下载免费PDF全文

Michio Kurata  Yoshiki Tamura  Tomoki Honryo  Yasunori Ishibashi  Yoshifumi Sawada 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(8):4486-4502

Success of swim bladder inflation (SBI) is crucial for early survival of Pacific bluefin tuna (PBF) larvae, because it reduces larval sinking death by enhancing buoyancy. In Experiment 1, we examined the effect of photoperiod on SBI and survival in PBF larvae by comparing photoperiods of 9L: 15D (9L), 14L: 10D (14L: natural photoperiod), 19L: 5D (19L) and 24L: 0D (24L) during 2–10 days post hatch (dph). In Experiment 2, the combined effects of photoperiod (24L and 14L) and nighttime aeration rate (enhanced night‐time aeration: ENA of 1300 mL min^?1 as a countermeasure for sinking death and 130 mL min^?1) on the survival and SBI were also examined during 2–10 dph. Moreover, in Experiment 3 the effect of photoperiod on vertical distribution of larvae in night‐time was examined on 3–5 dph. Photoperiod of 24L in Experiment 1 significantly inhibited SBI compared with 14L and 19L; nevertheless, it significantly improved survival compared with other photoperiods with a dark period. On the other hand, the shortened light period (9L) showed significantly reduced SBI and also survival. In Experiment 2, the countermeasure for sinking death of ENA under 24L did not further improve the survival; rather it tended to reduce the survival. In Experiment 3, larvae distributed less in the bottom layer in 24L than in 14L, suggesting the reducing effect of 24L on sinking death. The results indicate that 24L without ENA is suitable for survival which is the most serious problem in PBF larviculture.  相似文献   

Potassium Jarosite for fertilizer     

Michio Ota 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(1):139-141

Japan has scarcely any potassic resource in her country. Therefore, the shortage was severe in the second world war. In this time I had investigated the fertilizer utilization of many potassic minerals, such as liparite, alunite, glauconite and vermiculite in this country. The potassium jarosite was discovered for the first time at Gumma limonite mine by Katayama and Saito in 1947n. Since then, the many deposites were found out at such places as Suwa Mine in Nagano prefecture, Mitsui-Aso Mine in Kumamoto prefecture and several mines in the Hokkaido district.  相似文献   

Density‐dependent egg production in chub mackerel in the Kuroshio Current system     

Akinori Takasuka  Michio Yoneda  Yoshioki Oozeki 《Fisheries Oceanography》2021,30(1):38-50

A paradigm of proportionality between spawning stock biomass (SSB) and total egg production (TEP) has been largely untested at multidecadal scales mainly because of difficulty in estimating annual TEP. Recently, this paradigm was directly tested for sardine (Sardinops melanostictus) and anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) at a multidecadal scale to reveal that SSB–TEP proportionality was partially distorted by intraspecific (sardine) and interspecific (anchovy) density dependence in total egg production per spawner individual (TEPPS) or unit weight (TEPPSW). In the present study, we demonstrate intraspecific density dependence in TEPPS/TEPPSW for chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) in the Kuroshio Current system, using a proxy for TEPPS/TEPPSW, calculated from snapshot abundance data based on fishery‐independent egg surveys in combination with fishery‐dependent stock assessment data, at a multidecadal scale (38 years). TEPPS/TEPPSW exponentially declined with SSB, indicating a strong intraspecific density dependence in TEPPS/TEPPSW in chub mackerel. The observed phenomenon for chub mackerel was similar to that for sardine. Hence, intraspecific density dependence in TEPPS/TEPPSW may be a phenomenon that is generally applicable for species with a high maximum biomass and large population fluctuations. Lastly, we recommend the application of a TEP‐based framework to studies on recruitment mechanisms of fish.  相似文献   

First report of chlorotic and necrotic disease caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tobacco rattle virus</Emphasis> on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Capsicum annuum</Emphasis> in Japan     

Yasuhiro Tomitaka  Taketo Fujimoto  Michio Nakata  Ryoji Ishikawa  Tomio Usugi  Shinya Tsuda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2011,77(2):136-138

  相似文献   

Abrtract of nippon dojo-hiryogaku zasshi     

Takuhito Nozoe  Koji Yoshida  Michio Yasuda 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(1):155-160

Abstract

Submerged paddy soil with powdered rice straw was incubated anaerobically. In the presence of 10 p.M of EDTA, the amount of Fe(II) significantly increased during the early stage of incubation. This finding suggests that EDTA extracted some part of Fe(III), which was utilized then by Fe(III)-reducing bacteria. These increase in the Fe(II) content was accompanied both by the suppression of sulfate-reduction and by the enhancement of acetic acid (AA}-decomposition. The addition of EDTA did not enhance the CH4 -production during the early stage of incubation. These findings suggest that the reduction of the EDTA-extractable Fe (III) resulted in electron deficiency and that the electron flow was mainly diverted from sulfate reduction to Fe(III)-reduction in the early stage of incubation. As a result of this electron deficiency, Fe(III)reducing bacteria may utilize AA as an electron donor. The addition of EDT A enhanced both the production and the decomposition of AA in the late stage of incubation as well as the CH4 -production. These facts suggest that the reduction of the EDTA-extractable Fe (III) in the early stage of incubation decreased the redox potential, which in turn shortened the duration of the lag period of the anaerobic reactions in the late stage.  相似文献   

2-methylisoborneol and geosmin,the main sources of soil odor,inhibit the germination of brassicaceae seeds     

Takahiro Ogura  Michio Sunairi  Mutsuyasu Nakajima 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(1):217-227

The effects of 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) and geosmin, the main sources of soil odor produced by microorganisms, on plant seed germination were examined for 15 kinds of Brassicaceae seeds including radish (Raphanus sativus var. radicula). Authentic MIB or geosmin was used at the concentration of 100 mg L^-1 in the assay, the effects were quantitatively indexed based on four parameters of cumulative seed germination: the final germination percentage, germination onset, weighted mean rate, germination index. MIB and geosmin inhibited germination of all kinds of seeds tested for these parameters. Radish variety “Comet” was the most affected of all of the tested plant seeds. The estimated 50% inhibitory concentration values on germination of “Comet” were 70.5 and 7.5 mg L^-1 for MIB and geosmin, respectively. We also conducted the primary characterization of the inhibition by MIB and geosmin on “Comet” seeds. Our findings were as follows: (1) onset of seed imbibition was not affected; (2) germination of seeds pre-imbibed in the control solution until approx. 2 h before germination onset was inhibited by subsequent MIB or geosmin treatment; (3) growth of seedlings was not significantly affected; (4) the germination was restored by stratification, gibberellin A₃ treatment, or seed coat removal; and (5) light irradiation affected the degree of inhibition. These results suggest that inhibition by MIB and geosmin is restricted to the germination process, at least in the early stage of growth, that they act as growth -regulating substances.  相似文献   

Evaluation of beef tallow as a natural source of conjugated linoleic acid     

Satoshi KAWAHARA  Shin‐ichi TAKENOYAMA  Chizuko NAGATO  Michio MUGURUMA  Tatsumi ITO  Kiyoshi YAMAUCHI 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(6):533-538

Cis‐9, trans‐11 conjugated linoleic acid (9c, 11t CLA) is a potential anticarcinogen that is found in higher concentrations in beef lipids. However, the effect of CLA on lipid peroxidation, which is closely related to carcinogenesis, is controversial. In this study, we determined the levels of 9c, 11t CLA contents and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the tissues of rats fed beef lipid. Sprague‐Dawley rats (male, 8 weeks old) were fed experimental diets containing 20% lyophilized beef, and 12% beef tallow or vegetable oils, for 56 days. With the exception of the brain, the tissues from the rats fed the experimental diets accumulated 9c, 11t CLA, depending on the levels of CLA in the diets. The beef tallow group showed significantly higher 9c, 11t CLA contents in all tissues examined than the other diet groups. The intake of beef lipid did not affect the TBARS levels in the rat tissues. The hepatic lipid content from the beef tallow group was lower than that from the group fed vegetable oils. These results suggest that beef is a good source of 9c, 11t CLA, and that the intake of an appropriate level of beef lipid is not hazardous to health.  相似文献