Effect of feeding Lagerstroemia speciosa and conventional fodder based rations on nutrient utilization,ruminal metabolites and body weight gain in mithun (Bos frontalis)     

B. Prakash  A. Dhali  M. Mondal  M. Sangtam  K. Khate  S. S. Rathore  C. Rajkhowa 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2008,92(5):591-596

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of feeding green fodder, rice straw and concentrate‐based total mixed rations (TMR) on dry matter (DM) intake (DMI), nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation patterns and body weight (BW) gain (BWG) in mithun (Bos frontalis) calves. In a randomized block design, male mithun calves (n = 18, 8–10 months of age, 121 ± 2 kg BW) were randomly divided into three experimental equal groups (six animals in each group) and fed isonitrogenous TMRs ad libitum for 120 days. The TMR₁ contained 30% Napier grass and 30% rice straw, TMR₂ contained 60% rice straw and TMR₃ contained 30% tree leaves (Lagerstroemia speciosa) and 30% rice straw (DM basis). All the TMRs contained 40% concentrate mixture (DM basis). The results indicated that the BWG, DMI and feed conversion efficiency were significantly (p < 0.01) increased with the inclusion of green fodder in TMRs. The apparent digestibility of DM, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre and nitrogen free extract were also improved significantly (p < 0.01) with the inclusion of green fodder in TMRs. The higher concentration of total nitrogen and total volatile fatty acid in rumen liquor, but low ruminal pH were evident in animals fed green fodder supplemented TMRs. An increased (p < 0.01) molar proportion of acetic acid was evident in animals fed rice straw‐based TMR. In contrast, the molar proportion of propionic and butyric acids were significantly (p < 0.01) higher in animals fed green fodder supplemented TMRs. On the basis of higher DMI and higher daily BWG, it is concluded that Napier grass and L. speciosa tree leaves may be incorporated upto 30% (DM basis) in TMR of growing mithuns for feeding in complete confinement system.  相似文献   

Oestrous Behaviour and Timing of Ovulation in Relation to Onset of Oestrus and LH Peak in Mithun (Bos frontalis) Cows     

M Mondal  C Rajkhowa  BS Prakash 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2006,41(6):479-484

The objectives of the study were to evaluate the oestrus behaviour and to determine the timing of ovulation in relation to onset of oestrus and the pre-ovulatory LH surge in mithun (Bos frontalis). For this purpose, the blood samples collected at 15-min intervals for 9 h period following onset of oestrus and thereafter, at an interval of 2 h till 4 h post-ovulation for three consecutive cycles from 12 mithun cows were assayed for plasma LH and progesterone. Ovulation was confirmed by palpation of ovaries per rectum at hourly intervals. Various signs of behavioural oestrus were also recorded. The common signs of oestrus and their frequency of occurrence in mithuns were following and mounting by male mithuns (100%), standing to be mounted (100%), frequent urination (62.33%), raising of tail (65.23%), swelling of vulva (54.26%) and congestion of vulvar mucous membrane (69.87%). The pre-ovulatory LH surges consisted of several pulses (2.92 +/- 0.26 pulses/animal; range, 1-4). The mean (+/-SEM) peak level of LH for individual mithun varied from 6.99 +/- 0.44 to 12.69 +/- 2.10 ng/ml and the mean pooled LH peak concentration was 9.10 +/- 0.60 ng/ml. The highest peak (highest amplitude of LH during LH surge) was 10.83 +/- 0.76 ng/ml (range, 8.07-16.49 ng/ml). The duration of LH surge was 6.98 +/- 0.22 h (6-8 h). Onset of LH surge was at 1.23 +/- 0.17 h post-oestrus onset (range, 0.25-2.25 h). Mean plasma progesterone stayed low (<0.24 ng/ml) during the entire duration of sampling. Ovulation occurred at 26.92 +/- 0.31 (range, 26-29 h) after the onset of oestrus and 18.63 +/- 0.35 h (range, 17-20.75 h) after the end of LH surge. The occurrence of the highest LH peaks within a narrow time frame of 2- to 5-h post-oestrus onset in mithuns could have contributed to the animals ovulating within a narrow time interval. These results are very promising from a practical standpoint of potential success when AI program in this species is implemented in a big way. Furthermore, the results of the occurrence of LH pulses during pre-ovulatory LH surges, which are required for ovulation in this species of animals, is unique and species specific.  相似文献   

Isolation and characterization of a novel antigenic subtype of infectious bronchitis virus serotype DE072.     

S P Mondal  B Lucio-Martínez  S A Naqi 《Avian diseases》2001,45(4):1054-1059

Three infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolates, CU82792, CU82805, and CU82808, were recovered from sentinel chickens placed with three different layer flocks of a large commercial poultry farm in New York State. The three isolates were classified as members of the DE072 serotype on the basis of 1) their S1 genes could be amplified with only a modified primer designed for the DE072 serotype and 2) their restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns, after digestion with endonucleases HaeIII, BstyI and XcmI, were indistinguishable from that of DE072 virus. Additional characterization of one of the isolates, CU82805, revealed that its S1 gene bears approximately 96% identity at the nucleotide level and 94% identity at the amino acid level with DE072. Yet, in an in vitro reciprocal virus neutralization test, only a one-way neutralization was observed, i.e., antiserum to CU82805 neutralized DE072, whereas CU82805 was not neutralized by DE072 antiserum. Implications of these findings with regard to IBV diagnosis and immunization are discussed.  相似文献   

Changes in plasma non-esterified fatty acids, glucose and alpha-amino nitrogen and their relationship with body weight and plasma growth hormone in growing buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)     

Mondal M  Prakash BS 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2004,88(5-6):223-228

A study was undertaken to investigate the changes of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), glucose and alpha-amino nitrogen and their relationship with age, body weight (BW) and plasma growth hormone (GH) in growing buffaloes. For the purpose, six growing female Murrah buffalo calves of 6-8 months of age were selected on the basis of their BW and fed according to Kearl standard (Nutrient Requirements of Ruminants in Developing Countries, International Feedstuffs Institute, Utah State University, Utah, USA, 1982, p. 89) for growing buffaloes (target growth rate 500 g/day) to meet energy and protein requirement of the animals. Blood samples collected at fortnight intervals for 1 year were analysed for plasma NEFA, glucose, alpha-amino nitrogen and GH. The animals were also weighed at fortnight intervals. Plasma NEFA and glucose levels were found to decrease (p < 0.01) with age. Unlike plasma NEFA and glucose, plasma alpha-amino nitrogen level increased (p < 0.01) as the buffaloes become older. Plasma NEFA and glucose concentrations in growing buffaloes were found to be positively correlated with plasma GH (r = 0.379 and 0.420 respectively), but these were non-significant (p > 0.01). However, plasma NEFA and glucose showed a good correlation (p < 0.01; r = 0.780 and 0.652 respectively) with plasma GH per 100 kg live weight. Plasma alpha-amino nitrogen exhibited non-significant (p > 0.01) negative correlation (r = -0.295) with plasma GH but a negative correlation (p < 0.01; r = -0.641) with GH per 100 kg BW. So, plasma metabolites showed a definite pattern of change during growth and these have a significant (p < 0.01) correlation with plasma GH per 100 kg BW than GH.  相似文献   

Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of the ethanolic extract and its fractions of Cleome rutidosperma     

Bose A  Mondal S  Gupta JK  Ghosh T  Dash GK  Si S 《Fitoterapia》2007,78(7-8):515-520

Oral administration of the ethanolic extract (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o) and its fractions (200 mg/kg each) of the aerial parts of Cleome rutidosperma produced significant analgesic activity in acetic acid-induced writhing and tail immersion tests, anti-inflammatory effect against carrageenin induced inflammation and adjuvant induced polyarthritis and antipyretic activity against yeast-induced pyrexia. Fractionation of the ethanolic extract potentiated the activities.  相似文献   

QTL on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) chromosomes 1B, 3D and 5A are associated with constitutive production of leaf cuticular wax and may contribute to lower leaf temperatures under heat stress     

Suchismita Mondal  Richard Esten Mason  Trevis Huggins  Dirk B. Hays 《Euphytica》2015,201(1):123-130

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Canine periodontal disease control using a clindamycin hydrochloride gel     

Johnston TP  Mondal P  Pal D  MacGee S  Stromberg AJ  Alur H 《Journal of veterinary dentistry》2011,28(4):224-229

Stabilizing or reducing periodontal pocket depth can have a positive influence on the retention of teeth in dogs. A topical 2% clindamycin hydrochloride gel (CHgel) was evaluated for the treatment of periodontal disease in dogs. The CHgel formulation provides for the sustained erosion of the matrix, but also flows into the periodontal pocket as a viscous liquid, and then rapidly forms a gel that has mucoadhesive properties and also may function as a physical barrier to the introduction of bacteria. A professional teeth cleaning procedure including scaling and root planing was done in dogs with one group receiving CHgel following treatment. Periodontal health was determined before and after the procedure including measurement of periodontal pocket depth, gingival index, gingival bleeding sites, and number of suppurating sites. There was a statistically significant decrease in periodontal pocket depth (19%), gingival index (16%), and the number of bleeding sites (64%) at 90-days in dogs receiving CHgel. Additionally, the number of suppurating sites was lower (93%) at 90-days for the group receiving CHgel. The addition of CHgel effectively controlled the bacterial burden (e.g, Fusobacterium nucleatum) at both day 14 and 90. Gingival cells in culture were shown to rapidly incorporate clindamycin and attain saturation in approximately 20-minutes. In summary, a professional teeth cleaning procedure including root planning and the addition of CHgel improves the gingival index and reduces periodontal pocket depth.  相似文献   

Growth Analysis Using Classical and Functional Techniques in Relation to Soil Moisture in Mustard     

R. K. Mondal  N. K. Paul 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1994,173(3-4):230-240

A Reid experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil moisture on growth of two mustard cultivars using classical and functional techniques of growth analysis. Two soil moisture levels were irrigated at 10-day intervals and a rainfed control was included. Total dry matter (TDM), leaf area index (LAI) and leaf area duration (LAD) were significantly increased by irrigation at most of stages of growth. Starting from a lower value, LAI and LAD reached a peak and then gradually declined. Among the growth attributes, crop growth rate (CGR), leaf area ratio (LAR) and leaf weight ratio (LWR) increased significantly under irrigation. Net assimilation rate (NAR) decreased more in the irrigated plants than the rainfed plants at the later stages of growth. LAR and LWR declined throughout with increasing time and plant weight. Seed yield of the irrigated plants was positively correlated with the pre-flowering LAI and the post-flowering CGR and NAR. In the rainfed plants, seed yield was positively correlated with LAI and CGR at the post-flowering stage and negatively with the post-flowering NAR and pre-flowering LAR.  相似文献   

Genetic Variance Estimates in Heterogeneous Potato Populations Propagated from True Potato Seed(TPS)     

M K Biswas  M A A Mondal  M Hossain  R Islam 《中国马铃薯》2005,19(2):65-69

Twenty nine cross populations developed according to line x tester mating design along with their twelve parents raised from true potato seeds, were used to study variability and correlation for seven characters. The range of variation for all the characters were found to be wide and pronounced which indicated that characters were quantitative in nature and were under polygenic control. For all the characters, greater portion of the total δ^2p was mostly contributed by the δ^2g. Among the seven characters, tuber weight per plant showed the highest δ^2g, PCV, GCV, H2b, GA and expected GA%.On the other hand, dry matter contents (%) showed the lowest H^2b. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficients of plant height with no. of tubers per plant and tuber weight per plant; no. of branches per plant with no. of tubers per plant and tuber weight per plant were found to be significant and positive.  相似文献   

Selection of Suitable Parents in the Development of Potato Hybrids in Bangladesh     

M K Biswas　M A A Mondal　M Hossain　R Islam 《中国马铃薯》2005,19(4):193-197

Potatoes(Solanum tuberosum L)are the thirdlargest food crop in Bangladesh following rice andwheat and make a major contribution to the total foodsupply of the country.Although in many westerncountries potato is the number one staple food,it is al-most entirely used as a vegetable in Bangladesh.Thepotato is a short duration crop that produces a largeamount of calories in a short period of time[1].Thepotato produces more protein and calories per unitarea per unit time than any other major food…  相似文献