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21.
Watanabe M Kobayashi T Tomonaga K Ikuta K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(7):775-778
The time course for appearance of antibodies to Borna disease virus (BDV) major antigens, p40, p24, p18 and p10 were investigated in BDV-inoculated adult rats by Western blotting. Anti-p10 antibodies were detected in sera as early as anti-p40 and -p24 antibodies at four or five weeks after inoculation. Furthermore, in addition to these major antigens of BDV, the rat serum could detect additional 80-, 58-, 43-, 20-, and 16-kDa proteins in BDV-infected cultured cells and/or animal brain cells by Western blot analysis. Of these proteins, the 20- and 16-kDa proteins were shown to be related to p24 protein by their reactivity with anti-p24 monoclonal antibody. Interestingly, the 58- and 24-kDa were found only in BDV-infected animal brain cells but not in cultured cells. The results in this study could provide a useful information on the mechanism for the viral replication and pathogenesis. 相似文献
22.
Yamazaki J Hasebe N Nagafuchi S Baba K Tsujimoto H Kano R Hasegawa A 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,101(1):1-8
In the present study, full length of feline bax, bcl-2, bcl-xL and caspase 3 genes were sequenced and the expression of these mRNAs were also investigated in FIV-infected lymphocytes. The full length cDNA sequence of bax (646 bp), bcl-2 (1423 bp), bcl-xL (1163 bp) and caspase 3 genes (1208 bp) contained a single open reading frame of 579 bp coding 193 amino acids, 708 bp coding 236 amino acids, 702 bp coding 234 amino acids and 834 bp coding 278 amino acids, respectively. Number of apoptotic Kumi-1 cells gradually increased after FIV infection and approximately 70% were apoptotic and 30% were viable in the cells infected with FIV after 8-day incubation, though approximately 80% were non-apoptotic and 20% were dead in non-infected cells. The expression of bcl-2 mRNA in lymphocytes of established cell line was increased by FIV. The amounts of mRNAs of bax, caspase 3 and bcl-xL in FIV-infected cells were not different from those in uninfected control cells. 相似文献
23.
Daisuke Mashima Yoshiaki Oka Takafumi Gotoh Shozo Tomonaga Shoko Sawano Mako Nakamura Ryuichi Tatsumi Wataru Mizunoya 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(4):604-609
Free amino acids are important components of tastants and flavor precursors in meat. To clarify the correlation between muscle fiber type and free amino acids, we determined the concentrations of various free amino acids and dipeptides in samples of different muscle tissues (n = 21), collected from 26‐month‐old Japanese Black steers (n = 3) at 2 days postmortem. The proportions of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC), slow (MyHC1) and fast (MyHC2) isoforms were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE). The contents of free amino acids and dipeptides were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The MyHC isoform composition varied among the tissue samples. The MyHC1 proportion ranged from 6.9% ± 3.9% to 83.3% ± 16.7%. We confirmed that there was a strong positive correlation between MyHC1 composition and total free amino acid concentrations, including those for two dipeptides. Among the 31 measured free amino acids and dipeptides, 11 showed significant positive correlations and five showed significant negative correlations with MyHC1 composition. These results suggest that a high MyHC1 content induces high free amino acid contents in bovine muscles possibly because of greater oxidative metabolism. This high level of free amino acids could contribute to the intense flavor of meat that is rich in slow‐twitch fibers. 相似文献
24.
Noguchi S Mori T Hoshino Y Yamada N Nakagawa T Sasaki N Akao Y Maruo K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(1):1-8
MicroRNA-145 (miRNA-145; miR-145) is aberrantly expressed in most of human cancers and plays a significant role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. In the current study, we focused on how miR-145 plays a role in canine and human malignant melanomas. MiR-145 was significantly downregulated in canine malignant melanoma tissues and canine melanoma cell lines, as well as human melanoma cell lines tested. The ectopic expression of miR-145 showed a significant growth inhibition in both canine and human melanoma cells tested, and the effect was achieved partly by suppressing c-MYC in canine melanoma LMeC and in human melanoma A2058 and Mewo cells. At the same time, a suppressive tendency on cell migration in canine melanoma KMeC cells and significant suppression of cell migration in human melanoma A2058 cells by suppressing FASCIN1 were also found. These findings suggest that miR-145 acts as a tumor suppressor in both canine and human malignant melanomas. 相似文献
25.
Tandang MR Atsuta N Maruyama N Adachi M Utsumi S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(22):8736-8744
The presence or absence of a highly negatively charged extension region in beta-conglycinin (J. Agric. Food Chem. 1999, 47, 5278) and the length of a highly negatively charged variable region IV in glycinin (J. Agric. Food Chem. 2004, 52, 8197) are important determinants of solubility and emulsifying property. To examine the effects of the variable region IV from proglycinin A1aB1b and A3B4 and of the extension region from beta-conglycinin alpha' (alpha'ext) on solubility and emulsifying properties in detail, several mutants of proglycinin, procruciferin, and beta-conglycinin were designed and prepared in Escherichia coli. Nine out of 10 mutants were expressed at high levels in E. coli and shown to be homotrimer similar to the wild types as assessed by gel filtration. The position of the introduced negatively charged region as well as the amino acid composition were demonstrated to affect solubility at mu = 0.08. All of the proglycinin, procruciferin, and beta-conglycinin mutants with the alpha'ext in the C-terminus, especially the proglycinin mutant, exhibited excellent emulsifying ability and emulsion stability. These indicate that improvement of emulsifying properties by insertion of the alpha'ext in the C-terminus may be generally applicable to seed globulins. 相似文献
26.
Thomas Walther S. Nami Kartal Won Joung Hwang Kenji Umemura Shuichi Kawai 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(6):481-486
The development of oriented fiberboards made from kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) and their suitability as a construction material has been investigated. Three different types of boards consisting of
five layers with individual orientations were prepared using a combination of low molecular weight and high molecular weight
phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin for impregnation and adhesion purposes. Additional boards with the same structure were prepared
using high molecular weight PF resin only. The mechanical properties of the boards have been examined as well as their resistance
against fungal decay and termite attack. All kenaf fiberboards showed elevated mechanical properties compared with medium-density
fiberboard made from wood fibers, and showed increased decay and termite resistance. Differences in the decay and termite
resistance between the board types were caused by the presence of the low molecular weight PF resin for the impregnation of
the fibers. No significant difference was found for the mechanical properties. The effect of the PF resin for impregnation
was much clearer in fungal decay resistance than for termite resistance; however, fiber orientation had no effect on both
decay and termite resistance of the specimens. 相似文献
27.
Takamitsu Tsukahara Noriko Matsukawa Shozo Tomonaga Ryo Inoue Kazunari Ushida Kuniyasu Ochiai 《Animal Science Journal》2014,85(4):494-498
Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA), such as acetate, propionate and n‐butyrate, are the main end‐products of fermentation in the large intestine. SCFA are rapidly absorbed from the large intestinal mucosa to provide energy to the host. In this study, high‐sensitivity detection of SCFA was demonstrated in blood using the gas chromatometry with mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Few studies have measured SCFA in porcine blood. Therefore, SCFA concentrations in the ileal (IV), cecal (CV), portal (PV) and abdominal (AV) vein blood, urine (Ur) and saliva (Sa) were measured by GC‐MS. All body fluids were collected from four 5‐month‐old pigs. Cecal (CD) and ileal (ID) digesta, and cecal (CM) and ileal (IM) mucosa were also collected and their corresponding SCFA concentrations were measured using ion‐exclusion high‐performance liquid chromatography. GC‐MS analyses were successful to determine the SCFA concentrations in the porcine body fluids. n‐Butyrate concentration was surprisingly high in CV and its proportion remained higher in CV than that in CD and CM. Acetate showed a constantly high proportion in all porcine body fluids. Propionate was detected at a relatively high proportion in CV, IV and PV, but was low in AV. 相似文献
28.
Grammistins, peptide toxins isolated from the skin secretions of two species of soapfishes Grammistes sexlineatus and Pogonoperca punctata, are new members of the family of linear membrane-lytic antibacterial peptides characterized by the abundance of amphiphilic
α-helices. As the first step toward future use of grammistins to examine the mode of membrane lysis and design new antibiotics,
C-terminally free and amidated forms were chemically synthesized for each of five grammistins (Gs 1, Gs 2, Pp 1, Pp 2b and
Pp 3), and evaluated for hemolytic and antibacterial activities. No difference in biological activities was observed between
C-terminally free and amidated forms of Gs 1, while the C-terminally amidated forms of the other grammistins exhibited much
higher activities than the C-terminally free forms. Comparison with the biological activities of natural grammistins, together
with our preliminary cloning experiments, showed that natural grammistins, except for Gs 1, are C-terminally amidated. As
for Pp 1, six analogous peptides were further synthesized. Determination of their biological activities revealed that the
amphiphilic α-helical structure and positive charge are important for the hemolytic and antibacterial activities, respectively,
of Pp 1. 相似文献
29.
Iwakuma A Narahashi T Kitahara G Ohkubo M Kamimura S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(3):243-249
Reproductive performance of two types of timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocols with or without intravaginal progesterone insert (CIDR) was investigated in a commercial herd of Holstein heifers. A total of seventy-four heifers with 14.4 months of age were allocated to two groups; Ovsynch (n=44) and estradiol benzoate (EB) used Heatsynch (EB-Heatsynch, n=30), and each group was additionally divided into two subgroups with CIDR insertion from day 0 to 7 (n=36) and without CIDR group (n=38). Blood was collected for progesterone (P4) analysis and ovarian finding was monitored with ultrasonography. Heifers in CIDR-treated group resulted in higher pregnancy rate as compared to No-CIDR-treated group (63.9% vs 21.1%, P<0.01). Heifers with functional corpus luteum (CL) on day 0 resulted in significantly higher pregnancy rate in CIDR-treated group than No-CIDR-treated group (day 0: 67.9% vs 13.0%, P<0.01). CIDR insertion suppressed the intermediate ovulation during the first 7 days and the period from the second GnRH or EB administration to TAI as compared to No-CIDR-treated group (first 7 days: 33.3% vs. 52.6%; P<0.05, before TAI: 11.1% vs. 37.0%; P<0.05). In conclusion, the selected TAI protocols with CIDR provided acceptable pregnancy rate and contributed to the economical improvement by shortening the average age of first calving approximately for 2.5 months as compared to the previous management without TAI protocols. 相似文献
30.
Satoshi Takemoto Shozo Tomonaga Masayuki Funaba Tohru Matsui 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(12):1970-1978
Long‐distance transportation is sometimes inevitable in the beef industry because of the geographic separation of major breeding and fattening areas. Long‐distance transportation negatively impacts production and health of cattle, which may, at least partly, result from the disturbance of metabolism during and after transportation. However, alteration of metabolism remains elusive in transported cattle. We investigated the effects of transportation on the metabolomic profiles of Holstein steer calves. Non‐targeted analysis of serum concentrations of low molecular weight metabolites was performed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Transportation affected 38 metabolites in the serum. A pathway analysis suggested that 26, 10, and 10 pathways were affected immediately after transportation, and 3 and 7 days after transportation, respectively. Some pathways were disturbed only immediately after transportation, likely because of feed and water withdrawal during transit. Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, and citric acid cycle were affected for 3 days after transportation, whereas propionate metabolism, phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism were affected throughout the experiment. Four pathways were not affected immediately after transportation, but were altered thereafter. These results suggested that many metabolic pathways had marked perturbations during transportation. Metabolites such as citric acid, propionate, tyrosine and niacin can be candidate supplements for mitigating transportation‐induced adverse effects. 相似文献