水稻与稻瘟病菌非亲和性互作中重要防御酶活性变化规律研究   总被引：14，自引：4，他引：14  

贾显禄  王振中  王平 《植物病理学报》2002,32(3):206-213

 选以CO39为背景的水稻抗稻瘟病近等基因系,与稻瘟菌生理小种ZC₁₃(菌株97-151a)组成的3类典型非亲和性互作,以亲和性互作为对照,对各互作中过氧化物酶(POD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、几丁质酶及β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的活性变化规律进行了系统研究。完全非亲和性互作C101A51/97-151a、高度非亲和性互作C101L AC/97-151a及中度非亲和性互作C104 PKT/97-151a,POD比活性接种后即开始明显升高,48h前达到高峰,升高趋势一直持续到7d完全显症时,幅度基本与各互作非亲和程度呈正相关;亲和性互作CO39/97-151a接种后40 h POD比活性才开始升高,4~6 d达到高峰,峰值也较大。3类非亲和性互作PAL比活性在接种后0 h或16 h开始较明显升高,整个互作中形成3~4个较明显的峰;亲和性互作中PAL比活性一直明显下降。3类非亲和性互作外切几丁质酶比活性接种后即开始升高,基本一直保持升高趋势,在40 h前幅度较大,并形成1~3个较高的峰;亲和性互作外切几丁质酶比活性接种后即开始大幅度升高直至完全显症,48h后幅度远高于非亲和性互作。3类非亲和性互作β-1,3-葡聚糖酶比活性在24 h内开始较明显升高,在48h前形成2~3个较明显的峰;亲和性互作在接种后β-1,3-葡聚糖酶比活性即开始升高,在48h后显著高于非亲和性互作。讨论了POD、PAL、几丁质酶及β-1,3-葡聚糖酶参与水稻抗稻瘟病的可能性。  相似文献   

Age-related Variation of Plasma Concentrations of Skatole, Androstenone, Testosterone, Oestradiol-17β, Oestrone Sulphate, Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate, Triiodothyronine and IGF-1 in Six Entire Male Pigs     

G Zamaratskaia  J Babol  A Madej  EJ Squires  K Lundström 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2004,39(3):168-172

This study describes the age-related variation in boar taint compounds, skatole and androstenone, and testosterone, oestradiol-17 beta (E17 beta), oestrone sulphate (ES), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), triiodothyronine (T(3)) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in six boars. Three pairs of littermates of crossbred entire male pigs (from three Yorkshire x Duroc dams and one Hampshire sire) were included. Blood samples were taken at the age of 9-15 weeks and thereafter at weekly intervals from the age of 20-32 weeks. Plasma concentrations of skatole, androstenone, testosterone, E17 beta, ES, DHEAS, T(3) and IGF-1 were measured. We found that skatole levels in boars increased at the age around puberty after an increase in the levels of testicular steroids. Levels of skatole were not associated with the levels of sex steroids, T(3) and IGF-1. However, the increased level of testicular steroids is probably the underlying factor needed for high skatole levels to occur although the specific mechanism leading to increased skatole levels remains unknown.  相似文献   

Recognition of the Nor98 variant of scrapie in the Swedish sheep population.     

D Gavier-Widén  M N?remark  S Benestad  M Simmons  L Renstr?m  B Bratberg  M Elvander  C H?rd af Segerstad 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2004,16(6):562-567

Within the framework of the active surveillance for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in sheep in Sweden, 4 cases of the atypical form of scrapie, Nor98, were identified during 2003. Nor98 is a recently recognized and poorly understood variant of scrapie, first described in Norway. The cases were positive by the rapid test (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Immunohistochemical staining showed diffuse thin-granular staining of the cerebellar cortex. Western immunoblotting analysis of specimens of brain stem and cerebellum showed a light band of approximately 12 kDa. Typical scrapie was ruled out based on the confirmatory testing. The affected ewes were from 4 different flocks. They were between 7 and 9 years old. Two were of the ARQ/ARQ genotype, 1 ARR/ARQ, and 1 ARR/AHQ. Two ewes had shown ataxia, and the other 2 had no clinical signs. Whole-flock slaughter was applied, and testing of the flock mates did not reveal additional cases. Nor98 differs from typical scrapie in its epidemiology, frequency of genotypes of sheep affected, clinical signs, microscopic lesions, distribution of scrapie prion protein in the brain, and characteristics of the immunostaining and immunoblotting profiles.  相似文献   

Long-term study (2005–2010) on the vaccination with BoHV-1 glycoprotein E-deleted marker vaccine in selected two dairy herds in Turkey     

Feray Alkan  S. Bilge-Dagalp  Z. Karapınar  M. O. Timurkan  N. Coskun  I. Burgu 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(2):353-363

A follow-up study from 2005 to 2010 was carried out in two herds where eradication programme for the bovine herpes virus-1 (BoHV-1) infection depends on the vaccination with inactivated glycoprotein E-deleted vaccine that was started in 2001 following the vaccination with inactivated conventional vaccine between 1999 and 2001. For serological screening, a total of 12,976 sera sampled over several sampling times approximately 6 months of interval during 5 years (2005–2010) were tested for glycoprotein E (gE)- and glycoprotein B-specific antibodies using ELISA. According to the serological evidence, the long-term persistence of BoHV-1 antibodies, success of marker vaccine, first vaccination time of the calves in herds regularly vaccinated, etc. were discussed in this paper. In conclusion, the vaccination programme using gE (?) marker vaccines, with making efforts to prevent the other factors about transmission of infection, was suggested for the eradication of BoHV-1 infection in Turkey as many EU countries. This is the first report on the BoHV-1 eradication programme in some dairy cattle in Turkey.  相似文献   

A novel non‐azole topical treatment reduces Malassezia numbers and associated dermatitis: a short term prospective,randomized, blinded and placebo‐controlled trial in naturally infected dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Ylva Sjöström  Paul Mellor  Kerstin Bergvall 《Veterinary dermatology》2018,29(1):14-e7

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Effect of sodium acetate and sodium nitrate on biochemical composition of green algae Ulva rigida     

İlknur Ak  Cenk Öztaşkent  Yeliz Özüdoğru  Tolga Göksan 《Aquaculture International》2015,23(1):1-11

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Challenges in developing and implementing a decision support systems (ETÇAP) in forest management planning: a case study in Honaz and Ibradı, Turkey     

Emin Zeki Başkent  Ali İhsan Kadıoğulları 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2014,29(7):121-131

Decision support systems (DSSs) are indispensable tools in preparing a forest management plan for a better combination of multiple forest values. This study attempted to develop and explain a stand-based forest management DSS (Ecosystem-based multiple-use forest planning [ETÇAP]) comprising a traditional simulation, linear programming (LP), metaheuristics and geographic information system. The model consists of five submodels; traditional management approach to handle inventory data, an empirical growth and yield model, a simulation to conceptualize management actions, a LP technique to optimize resource allocation and a simulated annealing approach to directly create a spatially feasible harvest schedule. The ETÇAP model has been implemented in a comparative two case study areas; Denizli–Honaz and Akseki–Ibrad?. Both simulation and optimization models outperformed to the traditional management plan. The periodical change of growing stock, allowable cuts, carbon sequestration and water production are used as performance indicators. The results showed that more amount of wood could be harvested over time compared to traditional level of harvesting. It could be concluded that various management strategies allowed managers to stimulate more decision options for better outputs through intertemporal trade-offs of management interventions as the model provided tools to quantify forest dynamics over time and space. Challenges exist to establish the functional relationships between forest structure and values for better quantification and integration into the management plans.  相似文献   

The Influence of Organic and Integrated Production on Nutritional,Sensory and Agricultural Aspects of Vegetable Raw Materials for Food Production     

Stina Fjelkner-Modig  Håkan Bengtsson  Stig Nystrõm  Rolf Stegmark 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):102-113

In a six-year crop rotation trial organically and integrated grown vegetables were produced according to current good agricultural practices, taking quality and quantity aspects into consideration. The raw materials assessed focussed on materials used for industrial food production. Nutritional, sensory and agricultural aspects were evaluated. Carrot, cabbage, onion, pea and potato are possible to grow organically for industrial purposes. Depending on crop, the yield was lower (65-90%) for organically grown compared to integrated grown. Cultivation of organic spinach and dill turned out to be difficult due to problems with weed and discoloration. The chemical analyses included pesticide residues, nitrate, glycoalkaloid, dry matter, vitamin C and 25 different minerals and trace elements. Overall, the organically grown crops had higher dry matter content than the integrated grown. However, when examining the data for the different crops contradictory results were noted. No significant differences due to growing system were noticed for vitamin C and the other nutrients except for 4 of the trace elements. The growing system did not influence the sensory properties.  相似文献   

Intracranial arteries of New Zealand rabbits; identification,three-dimensional modelling,and morphometry by computed tomography angiography     

Tuğba Oktay  Yasin Demiraslan 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(4):707-715

The aim of the study was to determine identification, three-dimensional modelling, and morphometry of intracranial arteries in New Zealand Rabbit by using computed tomography angiography. A total of 20 adult New Zealand Rabbits from both sexes were used in the study. General anaesthesia procedure was followed before computed tomography angiography imaging. Rabbits were placed in a prone position for imaging. Computed tomography angiography imaging was performed by injecting contrast agent into vena auricularis marginalis of rabbits. Morphometric measurements of the specified points were taken by MIMICS program using the computed tomography angiography images acquired. Three-dimensional intracranial artery model was prepared from the two-dimensional images on the same program. Measurements were statistically compared in terms of sex and side. It was observed in the study that arteria basilaris was generated by bilateral arteria vertebralis at the basal level of medulla oblongata. In the study, a statistically significant difference was determined only in diameter values of arteria cerebri caudalis dextra et sinistra in both female and male rabbits. On the other hand, no statistically significant difference was determined with respect to the side. Consequently, we think that the data of the present study will contribute to further studies on cerebrovascular pathology, clinicians or researchers.  相似文献   

Origin and distribution of facial nerve anatomy in van cats     

İsmail Hakkı Nur  William Pérez  Horst Erich König 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(3):658-667

This study aims to reveal the morphological properties of facial nerve and the middle ear in Van cats. Study material was composed of 6 female Van cats. Dissections were performed under a Zoom Stereo Microscope. There was no plexus buccalis in Van cats. The chorda tympani was observed to pass through an opening in the tympanic cavity, emerge through a small opening just behind the retroarticular process, and join the lingual nerve. A rounded anatomical formation with a size of 2.75 ± 0.3 mm was found to be located within the mastoid process of the temporal bone between the facial nerve and the auricular branch of the vagus nerve. The stapes nerve was not present. The geniculate ganglion was very prominent and about 1.00 mm high. The deep petrosal nerve was observed to emerge from the plexus tympanicus. The bulla tympanica was 18.96 ± 0.10 mm long, 13.03 ± 0.20 mm wide and 13.16 ± 0.20 mm high. After leaving the mandibular nerve, the n.tensoris tympani coursed caudally around the a.maxillaris, formed an ansa, entered the tympanic cavity through the canalis musculotubarius and reached an end in the m. tensor tympani. Due to the scarcity of studies on the middle ears of Van cats, it is thought that this study will fill a gap in the field of veterinary anatomy.  相似文献