Effects of seropositivity for bovine leukemia virus, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, and Neospora caninum on culling in dairy cattle in four Canadian provinces     

Tiwari A  VanLeeuwen JA  Dohoo IR  Stryhn H  Keefe GP  Haddad JP 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,109(3-4):147-158

The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of seropositivity for exposure to bovine leukemia virus (BLV), bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and Neospora caninum (NC) on overall and reason-specific culling in Canadian dairy cattle. Serum samples from, approximately, 30 randomly selected cows from 134 herds were tested for antibodies against BLV, MAP and NC using commercially available ELISA test kits, while 5 unvaccinated cattle over 6 months of age were tested for antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV). For analyzing the time (in days) to culling of cows after the blood testing, a two-step approach was utilized, non-parametric (Kaplan-Meier survival graphs) visualization and then semi-parametric survival modelling (Cox proportional hazards model), while controlling for confounding variables and adjusting for within herd clustering. For all reasons of culling, MAP-seropositive cows had a 1.38 (1.05-1.81, 95% C.I.) times increased hazard of culling compared to MAP-seronegative cows. Seropositivity for the other pathogens was not associated with an increased risk of overall culling. Among cows that were culled because of either decreased reproductive efficiency or decreased milk production or mastitis, MAP-seropositive cows were associated with 1.55 (1.12-2.15, 95% C.I.) times increased hazard compared to MAP-seronegative cows. Among cows that were culled because of reproductive inefficiency, NC-seropositive cows had a 1.43 (1.15-1.79, 95% C.I.) times greater hazard than NC-seronegative cows. Among cows that were culled because of decreased milk production, cows in BVDV-seropositive herds had a 1.86 (1.28-2.70, 95% C.I.) times increased hazard compared to cows in BVDV-seronegative herds. BLV-seropositive cows did not have an increased risk of reason-specific culling as compared to BLV-seronegative cows. No significant interaction on culling among seropositivity for the pathogens was detected, but only a limited number of cows tested seropositive for multiple pathogens. Results from our research will help in better understanding the economic impacts of these pathogens and justification for their control.  相似文献   

Effect of several Rhizobium strains on nodulation,nitrogen uptake and yield of chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.)     

A. Tellawi  N. Haddad  B. Hattar 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1986,149(3):314-322

The effect of soil sterilization, and seed inoculation with three Rhizobium strains (3889, CP5b and IC 26) were studied on 5 chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes (Jordan local, ILC 72 from Spain, ILC 484 from Turkey, C 235 from India, and ILC 1272 from U.S.A.). The main objective of the work was to investigate the effect of inoculation with different Rhizobium strains on yield, nodulation and other agronomic characteristics of different chickpea genotypes. Inoculation with Rhizobium resulted in a significant increase in grain yield for all genotypes tested. The average increase due to inoculation was 110% over the uninoculated control. Inoculation resulted in more nodules, greater nodule fresh weight and higher nitrogen uptake. The various Rhizobium strains differed in their effects. Genotypes responded differently to inoculation.  相似文献   

First isolation of Mycobacterium microti (Llama-type) from a dog     

Deforges L  Boulouis HJ  Thibaud JL  Boulouha L  Sougakoff W  Blot S  Hewinson G  Truffot-Pernot C  Haddad N 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,103(3-4):249-253

We report the first isolation of Mycobacterium microti from a dog with lesions of acute peritonitis. The isolate was demonstrated to be M. microti of Llama-Type by spoligotyping. Epidemiological implications of the isolation of this possibly zoonotic agent from a dog are discussed.  相似文献   

A survey of peach viruses in Lebanon     

E. Choueiri  C. Haddad  N. Abou Ghanem-Sabanadzovic  F. Jreijiri  S. Issa  A. T. Saad  B. Di  Terlizzi V. Savino 《EPPO Bulletin》2001,31(4):493-497

Field surveys were carried out in the main peach-growing areas of Lebanon to assess the presence and distribution of viruses and viroids in commercial orchards. Field inspections were made in spring and summer 2000 to observe symptoms of virus and viroid diseases respectively. In total, 950 trees in 95 commercial plantings from three different regions of Lebanon (Bekaa Valley, Mount Lebanon and north Lebanon) were surveyed and sampled. Immunoenzymatic tests (DAS-ELISA) were used to ascertain the presence of the following: Prunus necrotic ring spot ilarvirus (PNRSV), Prune dwarf ilarvirus (PDV), Apple mosaic ilarvirus (ApMV), Apple chlorotic leaf spot trichovirus (ACLSV), Plum pox potyvirus (PPV), Tomato ringspot nepovirus (ToRSV) and Strawberry latent ringspot nepovirus (SLRSV). Peach latent mosaic pelamoviroid (PLMVd) and Hop stunt hostuviroid (HSVd) were identified by molecular hybridization. About 25% of the tested samples were infected by one or more viruses. In particular, the prevailing virus was PNRSV (61.2% of infection), followed by ACLSV (27.1%), PDV (22.4%) and ApMV (2.1%). Mixed infections were about 13%. ToRSV, SLRSV and PPV were not found. HSVd was apparently absent, whereas PLMVd was identified in 34% of the samples examined. This viroid prevailed in certain areas of Mount Lebanon in both native and foreign cultivars.  相似文献   

A pilot study evaluating adaptive closed‐loop fluid resuscitation during states of absolute and relative hypovolemia in dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Behnood Gholami PhD  Wassim M. Haddad PhD  James M. Bailey MD  PhD  Beth Geist DVM  Yukie Ueyama DVM  William W. Muir DVM  PhD  DACVAA  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2018,28(5):436-446

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Attack Upon a Bather by a Swordfish: A Case Report     

Vidal Haddad  José Lima de Figueiredo 《The Forestry Chronicle》2009,20(4):344-346

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Use of mechanics of cohesive granular media for analysis of hardness and vitreousness of wheat endosperm     

J.Y. Delenne  Y. Haddad  J.C. Bnet  J. Abecassis 《Journal of Cereal Science》2008,47(3):438-444

The characterisation of the wheat endosperm by mechanical tests of compression highlighted a relation between the rupture energy and the elasticity modulus for different varieties of wheat; this relation allows us to distinguish mealy and vitreous endosperms. An approach based on the micromechanics of cohesive granular materials is used to analyse these experimental results. A geometrical model of the wheat endosperm made of grains linked by cohesive bonds is proposed. We introduced two parameters, the first one α represents the percentage of active bonds (bonds where the stiffness and strength are non-zero), and the second one β represents the threshold of the bond's rupture. The parameter β can be related to the cross-section of the bond. This model successfully describes the mechanical tests on the wheat endosperm. The comparison with the experimental tests makes it possible to clearly differentiate vitreous wheats and mealy wheats and then attribute this property to the parameter β. The model shows the same tendency as regards the evolution of the rupture energy and the elastic modulus with the parameter α. The modelling of endosperm by the mechanics of cohesive granular media provides a new theoretical framework to interpret the rheology of endosperm. This approach allows us to connect this rheology to the mechanical actions at the scale of the granules.  相似文献   

Inhibition of Protein Glycation by Combined Antioxidant and Antiglycation Constituents from a Phenolic Fraction of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.)     

Ben Khedher  Mohamed Raâfet  Hafsa  Jawhar  Haddad  Mohamed  Hammami  Mohamed 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(4):505-511

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Disturbed advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-oxidative stress axis is strongly linked to vascular complications observed in diabetes and other metabolic...  相似文献   

Investigation the Efficiency of Soil Stabilizers against Soil Loss and their Effects on Chemical Properties of Soil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mandana Shahnavaz  Mehdi Nourzadeh Haddad  Ebrahim Panahpour 《Arid Land Research and Management》2019,33(2):119-135

Soil erosion and dust storms are the main causes of air pollution in regions where there are dust emitting centers and in their adjacent locations. In recent years, various methods have been considered for stabilizing soil surface against wind erosion. In this study, the effects of two stabilizers (anionic polyacrylamide polymer and vegetable-based mulch) for reducing soil loss at four levels of concentration (0, 15%, 30%, and 60%) on three kinds of soils in western Khuzestan, Iran have been studied. The study was conducted in natural and laboratory-based conditions in four, time intervals (0, 3, 6, and 12 months). Moreover, the study covered the persistence and influence of stabilizers on soil chemical properties. The results showed that wind erosion in no treatment was between of 16.36?kg/m²/hand 26.73?kg/m²/^?h. The statistical results showed that there was a significant difference between the no treatment and soils treated with stabilizers. The polymer reduced soil loss by more than 90%. Mulch efficiency reduced in natural conditions after 6?months; however, there were no changes in laboratory conditions. There was no significant difference between polymer efficiency in the laboratory and natural conditions and the polymer was resistant in natural and laboratory conditions. Polymer increased EC, pH, and SAR in the soil after 1 year. Mulch decreased pH and SAR but did not change EC.  相似文献   

Effects of curtain-like pruning on distribution and seasonal patterns of carbohydrate reserves in plane (Platanus acerifolia Wild) trees     

Haddad Y  Clair-MacZulajtys D  Bory G 《Tree physiology》1995,15(2):135-140

The maintenance of plane trees (Platanus acerfolia Wild) by regular curtain-like pruning during the vegetative period induced modifications in the distribution and seasonal patterns of carbohydrate reserves in the perennial parts. The unpruned trees were characterized by high and fairly constant concentrations of starch in roots > 5 cm in diameter and a decreasing gradient of starch from the base to the top of the trunk. Starch also accumulated at the trunk-branch junction and at the base of large branches. Curtain-like pruning caused the starch gradient in the trunk to disappear and induced well marked seasonal variations in the starch concentration of roots > 5 cm in diameter. Pruning also eliminated the accumulation of starch at the trunk-branch junction during summer, but it had no effect on the accumulation of starch at the base of large branches. Concentrations and seasonal fluctuations of carbohydrates in roots < 0.5 cm in diameter were similar in both pruned and unpruned trees. Repeated cuts or "short head pruning" induced the formation of excrescences at the tips of branches that accumulated starch.  相似文献