Ice flow direction change in interior West Antarctica     

Siegert MJ  Welch B  Morse D  Vieli A  Blankenship DD  Joughin I  King EC  Vieli GJ  Payne AJ  Jacobel R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5692):1948-1951

Upstream of Byrd Station (West Antarctica), ice-penetrating radar data reveal a distinctive fold structure within the ice, in which isochronous layers are unusually deep. The fold has an axis more than 50 kilometers long, which is aligned up to 45 degrees to the ice flow direction. Although explanations for the fold's formation under the present flow are problematic, it can be explained if flow was parallel to the fold axis approximately 1500 years ago. This flow change may be associated with ice stream alterations nearer the margin. If this is true, central West Antarctica may respond to future alterations more than previously thought.  相似文献   

Assessment of a point‐of‐care cardiac troponin I test to differentiate cardiac from noncardiac causes of respiratory distress in dogs     

Edward E. Payne DVM  Brian K. Roberts DVM  DACVECC  Nick Schroeder DVM  DACVIM  Ronald L. Burk DVM  MS  DACVR  Thomas Schermerhorn VMD  DACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2011,21(3):217-225

Objectives – To (1) determine a reference interval for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) using a point‐of‐care device in normal dogs and compare the results with those published by the manufacturer and (2) determine if cTnI differs among dogs with cardiogenic and noncardiogenic respiratory distress. Design – Prospective observational study. Setting – Emergency and referral veterinary hospital. Animals – Twenty‐six clinically normal dogs and 67 dogs in respiratory distress. Interventions – All dogs underwent whole blood sampling for cTnI concentrations. Measurements and Results – Normal dogs had a median cTnI concentration of 0.03 ng/mL (range 0–0.11 ng/mL). Thirty‐six dogs were diagnosed with noncardiogenic respiratory distress with a median cTnI concentration of 0.14 ng/mL (range 0.01–4.31 ng/mL). Thirty‐one dogs were diagnosed with cardiogenic respiratory distress with a median cTnI concentration of 1.74 ng/mL (range 0.05–17.1 ng/mL). A significant difference between cTnI concentrations in normal dogs and dogs with noncardiogenic respiratory distress was not detected. Significant differences in cTnI concentrations were found between normals versus cardiogenic and cardiogenic versus noncardiogenic respiratory distress groups. Significant differences in cTnI concentrations were identified in >10 when compared with the <5 and the 5–10 years of age groups. Receiver operating curve analysis identified cTnI concentrations >1.5 ng/mL as the optimal “cut‐off point” having a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 51.5%. The area under the receiver operating curve was 0.72. Overall test accuracy was 65%. Conclusions – cTnI concentrations were significantly increased in dogs with cardiogenic respiratory distress versus dogs with noncardiogenic respiratory distress and normal dogs. A significant difference between normal dogs and dogs with noncardiogenic causes of respiratory distress was detected. Although highly sensitive when cTnI concentrations exceed 1.5 ng/mL, the test has low specificity. Assessment of cTnI by the methodology used cannot be recommended as the sole diagnostic modality for evaluating the cause of respiratory distress in dogs.  相似文献   

Gene expression profile and response to maize kernels by Aspergillus flavus     

Reese BN  Payne GA  Nielsen DM  Woloshuk CP 《Phytopathology》2011,101(7):797-804

  相似文献   

Enzymatic grafting of peptides from casein hydrolysate to chitosan. Potential for value-added byproducts from food-processing wastes     

Aberg CM  Chen T  Olumide A  Raghavan SR  Payne GF 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(4):788-793

Tyrosinase was used to initiate the grafting of peptides onto the amine-containing polysaccharide chitosan. Chemical evidence for covalent grafting was obtained from electrospray mass spectrometry for products formed from reactions with glucosamine (the monomeric unit of chitosan) and the model dipeptide Tyr-Ala. When this model dipeptide was incubated with tyrosinase and chitosan, there was a marked increase in the viscosity of the solution. This viscosity increase provides physical evidence that tyrosinase can initiate peptide grafting onto the chitosan backbone. A peptide-modified chitosan derivative was generated by reacting chitosan (0.32 w/v%) with acid-hydrolyzed casein (0.5 w/v %) using tyrosinase. After reaction, the peptide-modified chitosan was partially purified and dissolved in an aqueous acetic acid solution. Low concentrations of this peptide-modified chitosan were observed to confer viscoelastic properties to the solutions. Specifically they conferred high viscosities and shear thinning properties to the solutions, and solutions containing only 1 w/w % of the peptide-modified chitosan behaved as weak gels. Thus, tyrosinase provides a simple and safe way to convert food-processing byproducts into environmentally friendly products that offer useful functional properties. The selectivity of tyrosinase and the relatively high reactivity of chitosan's amines allow grafting to be performed with uncharacterized peptide mixtures present in crude hydrolysates.  相似文献   

East coast fever: 3. Chemoprophylactic immunization of cattle using oxytetracycline and a combination of theilerial strains     

D.E. Radley  C.G.D. Brown  M.P. Cunningham  C.D. Kimber  F.L. Musisi  R.C. Payne  R.E. Purnell  S.M. Stagg  A.S. Young 《Veterinary parasitology》1975,1(1):51-60

In the first of two experiments performed, 29 animals were immunized by chemoprophylaxis against either a combination of three theilerial strains, Theileria parva (Muguga), T. parva (Kiambu 5) and T. lawrencei (Serengeti transformed), or against one or two elements of the combination separately, and then challenged with either T. parva (Kiambu 1) or T. lawrencei (Solio KB1), both of which were known to be heterologous to T. parva (Muguga). The animals immunized against the combination had mild or inapparent reactions to challenge, whilst the susceptible control cattle and many of those immunized against one or two strains either had severe reactions of died.In the second experiment, 17 cattle immunized by chemoprophylaxis against the combination were challenged with lethal doses of three theilerial strains, T. parva (Entebbe 1), T. parva (Entebbe 2) and T. parva (Ukunda), recently isolated from two widely separated areas of East Africa. They had mild or inapparent reactions whilst 13 of 15 susceptible control cattle died.Chemoprophylaxis using a combination of theilerial strains and a limited oxytetracycline regimen was shown to be an effective means of immunizing cattle against East African theilerioses. The use of this technique as a method of immunizing cattle before exposure in the field is proposed.  相似文献   

The influence of the host cell and trypsin treatment on bovine coronavirus infectivity     

K S Cyr-Coats  H R Payne  J Storz 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1988,35(10):752-759

  相似文献   

Oviduct magnum tumours in the domestic fowl and their association with laying     

A D Anjum  L N Payne  E C Appleby 《The Veterinary record》1989,125(2):42-43

  相似文献   

Question of practice standards     

A R Payne 《The Veterinary record》1988,123(7):187-188

  相似文献   

News and Comment     

A. R. Payne 《The Journal of small animal practice》1976,17(11):765-766

  相似文献   

Specific problems of semi-arid environments     

W. J. A. Payne 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1965,12(3):269-294

  相似文献