Eumycetoma and disseminated phaeohyphomycosis in a Sumatran tiger     

Amanda R. Schaff  Sylvia Ferguson  Kristen Phair  Rachel Ferris  Alexandra Goe 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(6):1197

A 16-y-old female Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) was evaluated for hyporexia. Examination revealed chronic kidney disease and a large subcutaneous axillary mass with draining tracts that contained numerous small black grains. Histologic examination revealed the presence of intralesional fungal hyphae. Persistent hyporexia and pyogranulomatous disease, as well as progressive cachexia and azotemia occurred despite treatment, and euthanasia was performed. Disseminated phaeohyphomycosis was diagnosed on postmortem examination, additionally affecting various lymph nodes, the nasal cavity, mesenteric adipose tissue, abdominal aorta, pericardium, and kidney. Fungal culture from a deep-tissue sample isolated a pure growth of Curvularia sp., a dematiaceous opportunistic fungus able to cause eumycetomas and/or phaeohyphomycosis. Phaeohyphomycosis is a rare but emerging condition, not previously reported as disseminated disease in an exotic carnivore, to our knowledge. Aggressive systemic antifungal treatment was unsuccessful, likely complicated by diagnostic challenges and concurrent renal disease. The presence of a swelling with abundant grains exiting draining tracts should direct clinicians to the diagnosis of a mycetoma, warranting early and aggressive treatment.  相似文献   

A Marine λ-Oligocarrageenan Inhibits Migratory and Invasive Ability of MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells through Actions on Heparanase Metabolism and MMP-14/MMP-2 Axis     

Rmi Cousin  Hugo Groult  Chanez Manseur  Romain Ferru-Clment  Mario Gani  Rachel Havret  Claire Toucheteau  Grgoire Prunier  Batrice Colin  Franck Morel  Jean-Marie Piot  Isabelle Lanneluc  Kvin Baranger  Thierry Maugard  Ingrid Fruitier-Arnaudin 《Marine drugs》2021,19(10)

Sugar-based molecules such as heparins or natural heparan sulfate polysaccharides have been developed and widely studied for controlling heparanase (HPSE) enzymatic activity, a key player in extracellular matrix remodelling during cancer pathogenesis. However, non-enzymatic functions of HPSE have also been described in tumour mechanisms. Given their versatile properties, we hypothesized that sugar-based inhibitors may interfere with enzymatic but also non-enzymatic HPSE activities. In this work, we assessed the effects of an original marine λ-carrageenan derived oligosaccharide (λ-CO) we previously described, along with those of its native counterpart and heparins, on cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells but also of sh-MDA-MB-231 cells, in which the expression of HPSE was selectively downregulated. We observed no cytotoxic and no anti-proliferative effects of our compounds but surprisingly λ-CO was the most efficient to reduce cell migration and invasion compared with heparins, and in a HPSE-dependent manner. We provided evidence that λ-CO tightly controlled a HPSE/MMP-14/MMP-2 axis, leading to reduced MMP-2 activity. Altogether, this study highlights λ-CO as a potent HPSE “modulator” capable of reducing not only the enzymatic activity of HPSE but also the functions controlled by the HPSE levels.  相似文献   

Intensive temporal and spatial sampling of polychaete biodiversity reveals significant implications for impact assessment and marine park design     

Nathan A. Knott  Daniel S. Swadling  Matthew J. Rees  Rachel Przeslawski  Donald J. Ross  Pat Hutchings 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2024,34(3):e4102

A proposed framework for accelerating technology trajectories in agriculture: a case study in China     

Beth CLARK  Glyn D. JONES  Helen KENDALL  James TAYLOR  Yiying CAO  Wenjing LI  Chunjiang ZHAO  Jing CHEN  Guijun YANG  Liping CHEN  Zhenhong LI  Rachel GAULTON  Lynn J. FREWER 《农业科学与工程前沿(英文版)》2018,5(4):485

Precision agriculture (PA) technologies have great potential for promoting sustainable intensification of food production, ensuring targeted delivery of agricultural inputs, and hence food security and environmental protection. The benefits of PA technologies are applicable across a broad range of agronomic, environmental and rural socio-economic contexts globally. However, farmer and land-manager adoption in low to middle income countries has typically been slower than that observed in more affluent countries. China is currently engaged in the process of agricultural modernisation to ensure food security for its 1.4 billion population and has developed a portfolio of policies designed to improve food security, while simultaneously promoting environmental protection. Particular attention has been paid to the reduction of agricultural inputs such as fertilisers and pesticides. The widespread adoption of PA technologies across the Chinese agricultural landscape is central to the success of these policies. However, socio-economic and cultural barriers, farm scale, (in particular the prevalence of smaller family farms) and demographic changes in the rural population, (for example, the movement of younger people to the cities) represent barriers to PA adoption across China. A framework for ensuring an acceptable and accelerated PA technology trajectory is proposed which combines systematic understanding of farmer and end-user priorities and preferences for technology design throughout the technology development process, and subsequent end-user requirements for implementation (including demonstration of economic and agronomic benefits, and knowledge transfer). Future research will validate the framework against qualitative and quantitative socio-economic, cultural and agronomic indicators of successful, or otherwise, PA implementation. The results will provide the evidence upon which to develop further policies regarding how to secure sustainable food production and how best to implement PA in China, as well as practical recommendations for optimising end-user uptake.  相似文献   

Soil Microbial Communities Reflect both Inherent Soil Properties and Management Practices in Wisconsin Potato Fields     

Diane Xue  Rachel Christenson  Ruth Genger  Amanda Gevens  Richard A. Lankau 《American Journal of Potato Research》2018,95(6):696-708

Microbial communities in soils provide numerous functions vital to agricultural productivity, and there is growing interest in understanding and manipulating these communities to achieve more sustainable production systems. We investigated microbial communities in potato fields in Wisconsin to determine the extent to which microbial communities were structured by inherent soil properties versus factors under grower control. We found that soil properties, including texture and chemistry, shaped microbial communities at broad levels, determining the diversity and abundance of phyla. Organic versus conventional management, however, correlated with finer scale differences in microbial communities, while crop variety was not associated with microbial community composition in this study. These results suggest that grower practices have the potential to alter microbial communities, but these effects will take place within an existing soil context. Future research is necessary to determine how these patterns in microbial community structure relate to functional outcomes for plant health.  相似文献   

Does multigenerational exposure to hormetic concentrations of imidacloprid precondition aphids for increased insecticide tolerance?          下载免费PDF全文

Rachel R Rix  G Christopher Cutler 《Pest management science》2018,74(2):314-322

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Comparison of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Capacity in Three Bean Varieties Grown in Central Malawi     

Gong-Jian Fan  Victoria U. Ndolo  Mangani Katundu  Rachel Bezner Kerr  Susan Arntfield  Trust Beta 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2016,71(2):204-210

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Sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid increase reproduction,alter expression of detoxification genes,and prime Myzus persicae for subsequent stress     

Rachel R. Rix  Murali M. Ayyanath  G. Christopher Cutler 《Journal of pest science》2016,89(2):581-589

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Removal of phosphorus in residues of legume or cereal plants determines growth of subsequently planted wheat in a high phosphorus fixing soil     

Terry J. Rose  Rachel H. Wood  Deirdre B. Gleeson  M. T. Rose  L. Van Zwieten 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2016,52(8):1085-1092

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New organic substrates and boron fertilizing for production of yellow passion fruit seedlings     

Raissa Rachel Salustriano da Silva-Matos  Gabriel Barbosa da Silva Jr  Adenaelson de Souza Marques  Maciel Lima Monteiro  Josy Anteveli Osajima 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2016,62(3):445-455

The identification of alternative substrates suitable for seedling production is very important, while boron nutrition is also relevant due to plant requirement and its difficult management. Thus, four experiments were carried out from October 2012 to April 2013 to evaluate the effect of substrates using decomposed buriti (Mauritia vinifera Mart.) stem (DBS) and boron fertilizing for seedling production of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims). The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial scheme 6 × 2 + 1, referring to the substrates [S1: DBS, S2: soil and sand 1:1 (20%) + DBS (80%), S3: soil and sand 1:1 (40%) + DBS (60%), S4: soil and sand 1:1 (60%) + DBS (40%), S5: soil and sand 1:1 (80%) + DBS (20%), S6: commercial substrate (additional treatment) and S7: soil, sand and manure 1:1:2] with and without boron. The seedling emergence, emergence rate, plant height, stem diameter, root length, root volume and dry mass of roots and shoots were recorded. The substrates S2 (without B fertilizing) and S4 (B fertilized with 0.5 mg dm^?3) produced seedlings with more than 3.0 g of shoot dry mass and at least 30 cm in height, and can be used for production of high-quality yellow passion fruit seedlings.  相似文献