Interpreting redox potential (Eh) and diffusive fluxes of phosphorus (P) and nitrate (NO3−) from commercial rice grown on histosols     

Bhadha  Jehangir H.  Khatiwada  Raju  Tootoonchi  Mohsen  Capasso  Jay 《Paddy and Water Environment》2020,18(1):167-177

Paddy and Water Environment - In South Florida, approximately 11,000 ha of rice is grown every summer on highly organic histosols. With no added fertilizer inputs of phosphorus (P) or...  相似文献   

Economic analysis of monosex culture of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii De Man): a case study     

C Mohanakumaran Nair  K R Salin  M S Raju  & Mathew Sebastian 《Aquaculture Research》2006,37(9):949-954

All‐male monosex culture of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) has emerged as a popular practice in India, especially in the state of Andhra Pradesh. A study was conducted to compare the economics of all‐male, mixed and all‐female culture in 15 adjacent, rectangular ponds of 4000 m² each by stocking juveniles previously reared in a nursery for 60 days. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with three treatments; T₁ (all male), T₂ (mixed) and T₃ (all female), and five replicates for a period of 5 months after the nursery phase. Statistical analysis showed highly significant (P<0.01) differences among the three types of culture. The cost of production was estimated and the economic feasibility of the culture methods was evaluated by cost‐return and partial budgeting analysis. The average weight, productivity and specific growth rate were the highest for all male culture, being 80.92±2.41 g, 1532 kg ha^?1 and 1.97±0.02 respectively. All‐female culture registered significantly higher survival (89.16±0.77%) and the best apparent feed conversion ratio of 1.26±0.02. The economic analysis revealed that all‐male monosex culture of M. rosenbergii was 63.13% and 60.20% more profitable than mixed and all‐female cultures respectively.  相似文献   

Colorectal cancer in mice genetically deficient in the mucin Muc2     

Velcich A  Yang W  Heyer J  Fragale A  Nicholas C  Viani S  Kucherlapati R  Lipkin M  Yang K  Augenlicht L 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,295(5560):1726-1729

The gastrointestinal tract is lined by a layer of mucus comprised of highly glycosylated proteins called mucins. To evaluate the importance of mucin in intestinal carcinogenesis, we constructed mice genetically deficient in Muc2, the most abundant secreted gastrointestinal mucin. Muc2-/- mice displayed aberrant intestinal crypt morphology and altered cell maturation and migration. Most notably, the mice frequently developed adenomas in the small intestine that progressed to invasive adenocarcinoma, as well as rectal tumors. Thus, Muc2 is involved in the suppression of colorectal cancer.  相似文献   

Thermomolecular pressure in surface melting: motivation for frost heave     

Dash JG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,246(4937):1591-1593

A thermomolecular pressure is associated with surface melting, and it can drive mass flow along an interface under a lateral temperature gradient. The pressure is a universal thermodynamic function in the limit of thick films. It may be responsible for frost heave in frozen ground.  相似文献   

Radiological physics characteristics of the extracted heavy ion beams of the bevatron     

C A Tobias  J T Lyman  A Chatterjee  J Howard  H D Maccabee  M R Raju  A R Smith  J M Sperinde  G P Welch 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1971,174(14):1131-1134

Studies of the depth-ionization properties and the biological effects of heavy ion beams produced at the bevatron have extended work previously done with less energetic beams from other sources. Results indicate that heavy ion beams are suitable for tumor therapy, studies relating to space biology, and fundamental radiobiology.  相似文献   

Effect of different concentrations of metabolisable energy and protein on performance of White Leghorn layers in a tropical climate     

S.V. Rama Rao  V. Ravindran  M.V.L.N. Raju  T. Srilatha  A.K. Panda 《British poultry science》2014,55(4):532-539

1. An experiment was conducted to study the effects of feeding graded concentrations of metabolisable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) on the performance of layers. Nine diets with three concentrations each of ME (10.04, 10.67 and 11.30 MJ/kg) and CP (150, 165 and 180 g/kg) in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments were formulated.

2. A total of 5544 White Leghorn (WL) pullets (20 weeks of age) were housed in 4-bird colony cages and 22 adjacent cages constituted a replicate. Each diet was fed ad libitum to 7 replicates from 21 to 72 weeks of age. Production variables were recorded in 13 laying periods of 28 d each, and the data were pooled into three production phases, namely initial (21–32 weeks), peak (33–52 weeks) and post-peak (53–72 weeks).

3. No interaction was observed between ME and CP for egg production (EP), food intake (FI), food efficiency (FE), egg weight (EW), egg mass (EM) and body weight gain.

4. The EP, EW and EM during the initial phase of production were not affected by dietary ME concentrations, while the EW and EM improved with increasing concentrations of dietary CP from 150 to 165 g/kg.

5. During the peak production phase, improvements in EP (ME and CP), FI (ME), FE (ME, CP), EW (ME) and EM (ME, CP) were observed with increasing concentrations of energy and protein to 11.30 and 180 g/kg diet, respectively.

6. EP, EW and EM were unaffected by dietary variation in concentrations of ME and CP during post-peak production phase, but the FE improved and FI reduced with increasing dietary concentrations of these nutrients.

7. It is concluded that the optimum concentrations of ME for WL layers during the 21–32, 33–52 and 53–72 weeks of age are 11.30, 11.30 and 10.04 MJ/kg diet, respectively. The corresponding values for CP in diets are 180, 180 and 150 g/kg.  相似文献   

Anti-inflammatory, cyclooxygenase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of standardized extracts of Tridax procumbens L.     

Sanjay M. Jachak  Raju GautamC. Selvam  Himanshu MadhanAmit Srivastava  Taj Khan 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(2):173-177

The standardized EtOAc, MeOH and 70% EtOH extracts of Tridax procumbens aerial parts showed significant inhibition of rat paw edema at a medium dose of 200 mg/kg and the EtOAC extract was the most active. These extracts were standardized by HPLC with the help of chemical markers. Further, the extracts were evaluated for COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activity and EtOAc extract exhibited the highest inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 at 50 μg/mL. Cent aurein, centaureidin and bergenin were isolated as COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory principles from the EtOAc extract. The extracts also exhibited antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS free radicals. The anti-inflammatory activity of T. procumbens aerial parts could be at least in part due to COX-1, COX-2 enzyme inhibition and free radical-scavenging activities which may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and other polyphenols in the extracts.  相似文献   

A Test of the 'Tall-Dwarf" Hypothesis in Pearl Millet, Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.     

F. R. Bidinger  D. S. Raju 《Plant Breeding》1993,111(4):306-311

Positive height-grain yield relationships exist for many cereals, but cannot be fully used in breeding because of lodging and harvestability problems in tall cultivars. Law et al. (1978) proposed a “tall-dwarf” hypothesis for wheat, in which the positive effects of minor height genes could be exploited by selecting for them in a major dwarfing gene background. The applicability of this hypothesis to pearl millet was tested by crossing a set of dwarf S₁ progenies (from a single population) which varied in height onto two male-sterile lines. Mean (by S₁ pollinator) hybrid grain yield was closely related to mean hybrid height (r²= 0.60) over a range of mean yields of 3.0–3.9 t ha^?1 and a range of mean heights of 126–165 cm. The effect of height was expressed as an increase in grain number in one cross and as an increase in grain mass in the other, indicating the importance of background genetic effects on yield-height relationships in dwarf hybrids. The concept of “tall-dwarfs” appears to be applicable to pearl millet.  相似文献   

Kinetics of sorption-desorption of benfuracarb insecticide in mollisols     

Srivastava A  Chandra R  Srivastava PC 《Pest management science》2011,67(2):209-212

BACKGROUND: Sorption‐desorption processes govern the movement of pesticides in soil. These processes determine the potential hazard of the pesticide in a given environment for groundwater contamination and need to be investigated. RESULTS: In the present study, sorption‐desorption processes of benfuracarb were investigated using a batch method in two mollisols. The kinetics of benfuracarb sorption in mollisols conformed to two‐compartment (1 + 1) first‐order kinetics. The fast sorption rate constant was about 3 times higher for silt loam than for loam soil. However, the slow sorption rate constants were statistically similar for both soils. The concentration‐dependent sorption‐desorption isotherms of benfuracarb could not closely conform to the Freundlich isotherm in mollisols of high organic C content. The computed values of both the sorption (log K) and desorption (log K′) capacities were higher for silt loam than for loam soil. The desorption index (n′/n) values in the range 30.0–41.3 indicated poor reversibility of sorbed benfuracarb in mollisols. CONCLUSION: In view of the strong sorption of benfuracarb in mollisols with only partial desorption, the possibility of the leaching of soil‐applied benfuracarb to contaminate groundwaters appears to be low. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Mission creep in the IRB world     

Gunsalus CK  Bruner EM  Burbules NC  Dash L  Finkin M  Goldberg JP  Greenough WT  Miller GA  Pratt MG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5779):1441

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