Interspecific hybridization of fig (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ficus carica</Emphasis> L.) and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ficus erecta</Emphasis> Thunb., a source of Ceratocystis canker resistance     

H. Yakushiji  T. Morita  S. Jikumaru  H. Ikegami  A. Azuma  Y. Koshita 《Euphytica》2012,183(1):39-47

Ceratocystis canker, which is caused by the fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata Ellis et Halsted, is one of the most severe diseases of the common fig (Ficus carica L.). In contrast, the wild fig species F. erecta Thunb. is resistant to this fungus. We performed interspecific hybridization between the common fig (seed parent) and F. erecta (pollen parent) through artificial pollination. Even though hybrid seeds showed high germination rates, the seedling survival rates were low. All of the seedlings contained the expected simple sequence repeat (SSR) alleles from both common fig and F. erecta at each of the three loci tested, thus confirming the parent–offspring relationships of the interspecific hybrids. The leaf morphological characters of hybrid seedlings were intermediate between those of the parents. Cuttings of cultivars of common fig, F. erecta, and hybrid seedlings were inoculated with C. fimbriata by direct wounding of the shoot. All of the common fig cultivars tested withered and died within 10 weeks. Leaves and shoots of the hybrids and F. erecta were healthy 100 days after inoculation. Our results suggest that interspecific hybridization between the common fig and the wild species F. erecta is a breakthrough in the breeding of a new fig rootstock source with resistance to Ceratocystis canker.  相似文献   

Enterocolitis associated with dual infection by Clostridium piliforme and feline panleukopenia virus in three kittens     

Ikegami T  Shirota K  Goto K  Takakura A  Itoh T  Kawamura S  Une Y  Nomura Y  Fujiwara K 《Veterinary pathology》1999,36(6):613-615

Dual infection by Clostridium piliforme and feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV) was found in three kittens. In all cases, we found focal necrosis and desquamation of epithelial cells with occasional neutrophil infiltration in the large intestine. Large filamentous bacilli and spores were observed in the epithelium by using the Warthin-Starry method. Electron microscopy revealed the vegetative forms with characteristic peritrichous flagella and spore forms. Immunohistochemically, these bacilli showed a positive reaction with mouse antisera against the RT and MSK C. piliforme strains. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using cecum specimens demonstrated the 196-bp band specific to C. piliforme 16S rRNA. All three kittens were also diagnosed as FPLV-infected on the basis of the characteristic mucosal lesions, including intranuclear inclusions and PCR study for the FPLV genomic DNA. The PCR techniques are useful for confirming the C. piliforme and FPLV infection in spontaneous cases.  相似文献   

Effect of High β-Glucan Barley on Serum Cholesterol Concentrations and Visceral Fat Area in Japanese Men—A Randomized,Double-blinded,Placebo-controlled Trial     

Shimizu C  Kihara M  Aoe S  Araki S  Ito K  Hayashi K  Watari J  Sakata Y  Ikegami S 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2008,63(1):21-25

This study investigated whether the consumption of a diet in which high-β-glucan barley replaced rice would reduce the visceral fat area as well as the serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) in hypercholesterolemic Japanese men. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled intervention study was conducted in 44 hypercholesterolemic Japanese men with a body mass index (BMI) >22 kg/m². The subjects were randomly assigned to groups consuming either rice (placebo group) or a mixture of rice and pearl barley with a high β-glucan content (test group, 7.0 g β-glucan per day) for 12 weeks. Blood samples were taken, and CT scan obtained before the trial and every four weeks during the trial. The pearl barley intake significantly reduced serum concentrations of LDL-C (P = 0.041) and TC (P = 0.037) during the trial. Significant differences between the test and placebo groups were found for the visceral fat (P = 0.039), BMI (P = 0.015), and waist circumference (P = 0.011) at the end point. The consumption of pearl barley with a high β-glucan content reduces not only LDL-C but also visceral fat area.  相似文献   

Integrative analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome by the modENCODE project     

Gerstein MB  Lu ZJ  Van Nostrand EL  Cheng C  Arshinoff BI  Liu T  Yip KY  Robilotto R  Rechtsteiner A  Ikegami K  Alves P  Chateigner A  Perry M  Morris M  Auerbach RK  Feng X  Leng J  Vielle A  Niu W  Rhrissorrakrai K  Agarwal A  Alexander RP  Barber G  Brdlik CM  Brennan J  Brouillet JJ  Carr A  Cheung MS  Clawson H  Contrino S  Dannenberg LO  Dernburg AF  Desai A  Dick L  Dosé AC  Du J  Egelhofer T  Ercan S  Euskirchen G  Ewing B  Feingold EA  Gassmann R  Good PJ  Green P  Gullier F  Gutwein M  Guyer MS  Habegger L  Han T  Henikoff JG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6012):1775-1787

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The discovery of pyridalyl: a novel insecticidal agent for controlling lepidopterous pests     

Sakamoto N  Saito S  Hirose T  Suzuki M  Matsuo S  Izumi K  Nagatomi T  Ikegami H  Umeda K  Tsushima K  Matsuo N 《Pest management science》2004,60(1):25-34

Synthesis of analogues of two compounds with known insecticidal activity, both of which contain a 3,3-dichloro-2-propenyloxy group, produced 2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-phenoxyphenyl 3,3-dichloro-2-propenyl ether, which had weak activity against lepidopterous larvae. Structural modifications around this lead compound led to the development of pyridalyl [Pleo, S-1812; 2,6-dichloro-4-(3,3-dichloroallyloxy)phenyl 3-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyloxy]propyl ether], which belongs to a new class of insecticides. Pyridalyl gives very good control of various lepidopterous and thysanopterous pests on cotton and vegetables, without phytotoxicity. It controls populations of Heliothis virescens F and Plutella xylostella (L) which are resistant to various currently used insecticides. It also produces unique insecticidal symptoms, so it may have a different mode of action from other existing insecticides. Pyridalyl is also less harmful than existing insecticides to various beneficial arthropods, so it should provide an important tool in IPM and insecticidal management programmes for the control of lepidopterous and thysanopterous pests. The first market introduction is expected in Japan and some Asian countries in the years between 2004 and 2005.  相似文献   

Enzymatic dehydrogenative polymerization of monolignol dimers     

Yasuyuki Matsushita  Chisato Ko  Dan Aoki  Shota Hashigaya  Sachie Yagami  Kazuhiko Fukushima 《Journal of Wood Science》2015,61(6):608-619

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Community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with pioneer grass species Miscanthus sinensis in acid sulfate soils: Habitat segregation along pH gradients   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Gi-Hong AN  Sachie MIYAKAWA  Ai KAWAHARA  Mitsuru OSAKI  Tatsuhiro EZAWA 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2008,54(4):517-528

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