Causes of death and illness in the native sheep of North Ronaldsay, Orkney. I. Adult sheep     

D P Britt  J R Baker 《The British veterinary journal》1990,146(2):129-142

Post-mortem examinations on 71 native sheep found dead on the island of North Ronaldsay, Orkney in four visits between April 1983 and July 1985 were carried out. The sheep in this almost feral flock have access to a small area of unmanaged moorland pasture but are otherwise restricted to the foreshore where they subsist largely on Laminaria spp. and other seaweeds. Young adult animals died largely of heavy parasite burdens combined with inadequate nutrition, while the older sheep often starved because of severe dental disease precipitated by heavy deposits of tartar on the cheek teeth--rarely seen in sheep on a more conventional diet. Other underlying metabolic conditions, such as the extensive mineralization of the kidney medulla in many mature sheep, may be debilitating. The pathological findings suggest that adaptation to the peculiar environmental rigours and dietary restrictions on North Ronaldsay is less complete than has previously been assumed.  相似文献   

Grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) milk composition and its variation over lactation     

J R Baker 《The British veterinary journal》1990,146(3):233-238

Analysis of 56 samples of grey seal milk produced a mean composition of 50% fat, 36.2% water, 12% protein, 0.7% lactose and 0.8% ash. For the first 3 days of lactation the fat content was particularly low while the water content was high, but during lactation the fat content increased whilst the water content fell. No trends were seen in protein, lactose or ash content.  相似文献   

Use of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry for noninvasive body composition measurements in clinically normal dogs     

Lauten SD  Cox NR  Brawner WR  Baker HJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2001,62(8):1295-1301

OBJECTIVE: To determine quantitative values for components of body composition in clinically normal dogs of various breeds by use of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and validate the precision and accuracy of DEXA technology in dogs. ANIMALS: 103 clinically normal sexually intact adult dogs. PROCEDURE: In a cross-sectional study, Beagles, Pembroke Welsh Corgis, Golden Retrievers, Great Danes, Pointers, Rottweilers, and nonpurebred dogs received total body DEXA scans. For the validation portion of the study, the results of DEXA scans of 6 dogs were compared with values obtained by chemical analyses of tissues from euthanatized dogs to determine the accuracy of this modality in dogs. RESULTS: Results (coefficient of variation) of the precision tests ranged from 0.10% for lean tissue to 5.19% for fat tissue, whereas accuracy tests revealed a difference between percentage bone mineral content and ash values. Body composition differed by sex, such as higher lean tissue and bone mineral content in males within some breeds, and among breeds. Regardless of body size or weight, the percentage of body weight that was bone mineral ranged from 3 to 4.0% [corrected]. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results of this cross-sectional study provide valuable body composition data for clinically normal adult dogs, which may have research and clinical applications.  相似文献   

BARF: "Bones and Raw Foods" or "Biologically Appropriate Raw Foods" - Fad, fiction or fanatical? - A reply          下载免费PDF全文

Baker B 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2001,42(7):499

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Study of cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus that lack detectable virus in serum     

Grooms DL  Kaiser L  Walz PH  Baker JC 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2001,219(5):629-631

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) that lack virus detectable in serum by use of the immunoperoxidase microtiter assay (IPMA) can transmit the virus to susceptible herdmates and determine prevalence of these cattle. DESIGN: Clinical trial and serologic survey. SAMPLE POPULATION: 2 cattle and 1,952 blood samples. PROCEDURE: A persistently infected cow in which virus could not be detected in serum was housed with a BVDV-seronegative steer. Blood and nasal swab specimens were tested via virus isolation and serum virus neutralization. Parallel WBC preparations and sera from blood samples of 1,952 adult cows were screened for BVDV by use of IPMA. RESULTS: The steer seroconverted to BVDV within 4 weeks of contact with the cow. Virus was detected in sera and WBC of 5 adult cows that were verified as persistently infected by retest 3 weeks later. Cattle persistently infected with BVDV in which virus could not be detected in both serum and WBC by use of IPMA were not found. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Cattle persistently infected with BVDV in which virus cannot be detected in serum by use of IPMA may serve as virus reservoirs for infecting susceptible cattle. Persistent infection was detected at a prevalence of 0.26%. Screening adult cattle by use of IPMA on serum samples appears to be a reliable means of detecting persistent infection with BVDV. Prevalence of cattle persistently infected with BVDV that have negative results of IPMA on serum is extremely low.  相似文献   

Reviews section     

Dr Bill Symondson  W. O. C. Symondson  Dr Peter McEwen  Simon Oxley  Dr Patthumal Beevi  Houston Hobbs  Keith Harris  Dr R. T. Plumb  Professor P. G. Mantle  Professor J. Hemingway  Dr Barbara B. Shew  R. M. Baker  Professor P. A. Langley  David Dent 《Integrated Pest Management Reviews》1996,1(2):111-123

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'Surprised' buffalo syndrome     

Baker ID  McFarland JH 《The Veterinary record》1999,144(11):300

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Anthelmintic treatment of pastured dairy cattle in California     

J E Miller  N F Baker  T B Farver 《American journal of veterinary research》1986,47(9):2036-2040

The relationship of anthelmintic treatment for subclinical gastrointestinal nematode parasitism with resultant milk production was studied on 3 California dairies where animals were maintained on a pasture-based nutritional program. All of the animals that started lactating (freshened) during a 12-month period participated in trials in which coumaphos was given as a feed top dressing to animals averaging 30 days into lactation. All of the animals that freshened during the subsequent 12-month period from 2 of the same 3 dairies participated in trials in which thiabendazole was administered at or within 2 weeks before freshening. Anthelmintic administration during 2 consecutive lactation cycles under the conditions of the present study resulted in no consistent reproducible significant changes in milk production.  相似文献   

Demodex spp. in the meibomian glands of Irish cattle     

K P Baker 《The Veterinary record》1973,92(26):699-700

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Epidermal cell renewal in dogs after clipping of the hair     

B B Baker  H I Maibach  R D Park 《American journal of veterinary research》1974,35(3):445-446

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