Identification of QTLs and candidate genes for days to heading in an upland New Rice for Africa (NERICA) variety     

Yohei Koide  Akiko Kawasaki-Tanaka  Theophile Odjo  Mitsuhiro Obara  Seiji Yanagihara  Yoshimichi Fukuta 《Euphytica》2015,203(1):153-164

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Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions by using wood to protect against soil liquefaction     

Chihiro Kayo  Seiji Hashimoto  Atsunori Numata  Masanori Hamada 《Journal of Wood Science》2011,57(3):234-240

We compared the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from a log pile (LP) to those from a sand compaction pile (SCP) and from cement deep mixing (CDM) as measures against soil liquefaction, assuming that forest and waste management scenarios influence the GHG (CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O) balance of wood. We found little difference between the LP and SCP methods with respect to GHG emissions from fossil fuel and limestone consumption. However, GHG emissions from the CDM method were seven times higher than emissions from the LP method. In the GHG balance of wood, when the percentage of CH₄ emissions from carbon in underground wood was lower than 3.3%, permanent storage in the log achieved greater reductions in GHG emissions than using the waste log as fuel in place of coal or heavy oil. In order to obtain reductions in GHG emissions by replacing SCPs or CDM with LPs, sustainable forest management with reforestation and prevention of CH₄ emissions from the underground log are essential. Using reforestation, permanent storage of the log, no CH₄ emission from the log, and using logging residues instead of coal, the LP can achieve reductions in GHG emissions of 121 tonnes of CO₂ per 100 m² of improvement area by replacing CDM.  相似文献   

Trophodynamic structure of a swampy bog at the climax stage of limnological succession III. Filamentous fungi associated with the standing leaves of Typha latifolia     

Seiji Tokumasu 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1994,76(3-4):491-499

The filamentous fungus flora on standing leaves of Typha latifolia in a bog was followed from late spring to early winter. A seasonal successional change of fungal colonizers was observed. Certain groups of species tended to be specific to a particular physiological condition of leaves. Leaf parasites and common primary saprophytes were major colonizers on the developing leaves. After the flowering time of host plant, facultative parasites invaded the aged leaves and finally became dominant on the dead leaves in early winter. A species of Fusarium, F. chlamydosporum was recognized as a main decomposer of the dead leaves near the water line in 1992. It may largely contribute to a smooth supply of dead aerial leaves for the heterotrophic community in the water.  相似文献   

Development of a multiplex PCR method for simultaneous detection of diagnostic DNA markers of five disease and pest resistance genes in potato     

Kazuyuki?Mori  Yu?Sakamoto  Nobuhiro?Mukojima  Seiji?Tamiya  Takashi?Nakao  Takashige?Ishii  Kazuyoshi?HosakaEmail author 《Euphytica》2011,180(3):347-355

Multiplex PCR is practically a reasonable choice for molecular marker-assisted selection in potato breeding. We had developed and were using a multiplex PCR method for selection of resistance genes to cyst nematode (H1), Potato virus X (Rx1) and late blight (R1 and R2). Since then, more reliable and tightly linked markers for H1 and R2, and a new marker for resistance to Potato virus Y (Ry _chc ) were developed. In this article, all these superior markers, including a positive marker to eliminate PCR-failed samples, were incorporated into one multiplex PCR assay. Using the newly developed multiplex PCR technique, five plants potentially harboring all five resistance genes were selected from 96 hybrid plants approximately 5 h after DNA extraction, which is a third of the operation time compared with separate PCR reactions for each marker.  相似文献   

Talin binding to integrin beta tails: a final common step in integrin activation     

Tadokoro S  Shattil SJ  Eto K  Tai V  Liddington RC  de Pereda JM  Ginsberg MH  Calderwood DA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5642):103-106

Control of integrin affinity for ligands (integrin activation) is essential for normal cell adhesion, migration, and assembly of an extracellular matrix. Integrin activation is usually mediated through the integrin beta subunit cytoplasmic tail and can be regulated by many different biochemical signaling pathways. We report that specific binding of the cytoskeletal protein talin to integrin beta subunit cytoplasmic tails leads to the conformational rearrangements of integrin extracellular domains that increase their affinity. Thus, regulated binding of talin to integrin beta tails is a final common element of cellular signaling cascades that control integrin activation.  相似文献   

Newsmaker interview: Seiji Yasumura. Fukushima begins 30-year odyssey in radiation health. Interview by Dennis Normile     

Yasumura S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6043):684-685

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Mortierella wolfii keratomycosis in a horse     

Wada S  Ode H  Hobo S  Niwa H  Katayama Y  Takatori K 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2011,14(4):267-270

Purpose To describe a case of superficial keratomycosis caused by Mortierella wolfii (M. wolfii) in a horse. Methods A thoroughbred filly was presented with painful right eye of 2 days’ duration. A superficial corneal ulcer was observed ventrally together with multifocal punctuate opacities axially. Samples were collected by swabbing and scraping the ulcerated lesion and submitted for microbiologic and cytologic examination. Results Microscopic evaluation of debrided corneal tissue revealed the presence of nonseptate fungal hyphae, and culture of a corneal swab yielded fungal growth. Medical treatment with topical antifungal, antibiotic and autogenous serum and systemic anti‐inflammatory resolved the problem within 2 weeks. Conclusions Cytologic evaluation of a corneal scraping was useful to make a clinical diagnosis of keratomycosis. Based on the mycological characteristics, the fungus isolated from the corneal lesion was identified as M. wolfii. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case report of equine keratomycosis associated with this fungus, although the organism is known to infect various organs of cattle.  相似文献   

Attempt at in vitro maturation of minke whale (Balaenoptera Bonaerensis) oocytes using a portable CO2 incubator     

Iwayama H  Ishikawa H  Ohsumi S  Fukui Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2005,51(1):69-75

The present study was conducted to investigate whether a portable CO2 incubator was effective for in vitro maturation (IVM) of bovine, porcine and minke whale oocytes, and the effect of maturation media supplemented with different hormones; porcine follicle stimulating hormone (pFSH), estradiol-17beta (E2), or pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG): human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for minke whale immature oocytes was also examined. In vitro maturation rates of bovine and porcine oocytes cultured in the portable CO2 incubator were not significantly different from the standard CO2 incubator. In minke whale IVM culture using the portable incubator, the maximum expansion of cumulus mass was observed by pFSH/E2 and PMSG/hCG at the end of IVM culture. Moreover, the IVM culture period was shortened to 28-30 h from 96-120 h previously reported. The proportion of matured oocytes cultured in the medium supplemented with pFSH/E2 (26.7%) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that with PMSG/hCG (6.9%). The present study indicates that a portable CO2 incubator is a useful device for minke whale IVM culture on a research base ship, and the addition of pFSH/E2 into an IVM medium enhanced cumulus expansion and the proportion of minke whale matured oocytes.  相似文献   

Involvement of Phosphoglucose Isomerase in Pathogenicity of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae     

Tsuge S  Ochiai H  Inoue Y  Oku T  Tsuno K  Kaku H  Kubo Y 《Phytopathology》2004,94(5):478-483

ABSTRACT Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight of rice, was subjected to transposon mutagenesis to generate mutants defective in pathogenicity. A novel mutant 74M913 was attenuated in virulence but retained its ability to cause the hypersensitive response in leaf blight-resistant rice and tomato. Cloning and sequence analysis revealed that the transposon in 74M913 was inserted in a gene homologous to the phosphoglucose isomerase (pgi) gene of X. axonopodis pv. citri. Growth of the mutant in a synthetic medium containing fructose or xylose as a sole carbohydrate source was much reduced, indicating the transposon disrupted pgi function. The interaction between expression of pgi and hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp) genes was investigated because we had demonstrated previously that expression of hrp genes of X. oryzae pv. oryzae is induced in a synthetic medium containing xylose. However, pgi and the hrp gene (hrcU) were expressed independently. This study suggests that PGI is involved in pathogenicity of X. oryzae pv. oryzae.  相似文献   

Effects of oxygen tension in the gas atmosphere during in vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization and in vitro culture on the efficiency of in vitro production of mouse embryos   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Adam AA  Takahashi Y  Katagiri S  Nagano M 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2004,52(2):77-84

Effects of oxygen (O2) tension in the gas atmosphere during in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro culture (IVC) on the efficiency of in vitro production of mouse embryos were examined. Mouse oocytes recovered from large antral follicles were subjected to IVM in Waymouth medium for 15, 16 and 17 hr under 5 or 20% O2 and then subjected to IVF and IVC under 5 or 20% O2 tension. Lowering the O2 tension in the gas atmosphere for IVM from 20 to 5% improved the cleavage rate after IVF when the oocytes were subjected to IVM for 15 hr; however, no improvement in the cleavage rate was observed when the culture period for IVM was extended to 16 and 17 hr. Lowering the O2 tension to 5% for IVM and IVC improved the development of the cleaved oocytes to the blastocyst stage, regardless of the culture period for IVM. However, the O2 tension for IVF had no remarkable effect on the subsequent embryonic development. These results demonstrate that 5% O2 is superior to 20% O2 for IVM and IVC, and suggest that 20% O2 for IVM may delay oocyte maturation and/or the acquisition of fertilizability and impair the developmental competence of oocytes.  相似文献