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51.
52.
Elieser S. Posner Ana A. Chew‐Guevara Marcelo Mitre‐Dieste Esther Perez‐Carrillo Erick Heredia‐Olea Jeff D. Wilson Sergio O. Serna‐Saldivar 《Cereal Chemistry》2014,91(2):139-145
Refined wheat flours commercially produced by five different U.S. and Mexican wheat blends intended for tortilla production were tested for quality and then processed into tortillas through the hot‐press forming procedure. Tortilla‐making qualities of the flour samples were evaluated during dough handling, hot pressing, baking, and the first five days on the shelf at room temperature. The predominant variables that affected the flour tortilla performance were wet gluten content, alveograph W (220–303) and P/L (0.70–0.94) parameters, farinograph water absorption (57%) and stability (10.8–18.7 min), starch damage (5.43–6.71%), and size distribution curves (uniform particle distribution). Flours produced from a blend of Dark Northern Spring (80%) and Mexican Rayon (20%) wheat had the highest water absorption, and tortillas obtained from this blend showed the highest diameter and lowest thickness. The whitest and best textured tortillas were obtained from the flour milled from three hard types of Mexican wheat blend. A Mixolab profile was generated from the best tortilla flours, those produced by mills 3 and 4. The Mixolab profile showed that a good flour for hot‐press tortillas had a relatively lower absorption and short dough mix time compared with a bread flour and should have a significantly higher gluten compared with an all‐purpose flour. Compared with bread flour, the tortilla flour had higher retrogradation and viscosity values. The Mixolab profile proved to be a good preliminary test to evaluate flours for hot‐press tortillas. 相似文献
53.
Genetic and antigenic characterization of the surface lipoprotein P48 of Mycoplasma bovis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Robino P Alberti A Pittau M Chessa B Miciletta M Nebbia P Le Grand D Rosati S 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,109(3-4):201-209
The presence of a membrane lipoprotein homologous to the P48 of Mycoplasma agalactiae was investigated in different Mycoplasma bovis isolates selected by geographical locations and biological properties. Its potential as a diagnostic tool was also discussed. The presence of a specific signal observed in all M. bovis field isolates probed with a rabbit antiserum raised against the M. agalactiae recombinant P48 demonstrated that this protein is structurally and antigenically conserved within the M. bovis cluster. No signal was detected when testing six different mycoplasma species found in cattle. The p48 gene was identified by PCR approach and partially sequenced. Full length gene sequence was obtained by direct bacterial chromosome sequencing. Five UGAs were selectively mutated into UGG and the full length mutated gene, lacking the signal peptide, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified recombinant antigen (r-P48) was evaluated as a potential marker of infection using a panel of 86 well-characterized sera from experimentally and naturally infected cattle. Specific IgM antibodies were detected within 6-9 days after experimental infection followed by an IgG response lasting from the third/fourth week after contact. Although antibody titers were well below those observed in sheep or goats infected with M. agalactiae, results suggest that M. bovis r-P48 can be used as a specific marker of infection. 相似文献
54.
Bibring JP Langevin Y Mustard JF Poulet F Arvidson R Gendrin A Gondet B Mangold N Pinet P Forget F Berthé M Bibring JP Gendrin A Gomez C Gondet B Jouglet D Poulet F Soufflot A Vincendon M Combes M Drossart P Encrenaz T Fouchet T Merchiorri R Belluci G Altieri F Formisano V Capaccioni F Cerroni P Coradini A Fonti S Korablev O Kottsov V Ignatiev N Moroz V Titov D Zasova L Loiseau D Mangold N Pinet P Douté S Schmitt B Sotin C Hauber E Hoffmann H Jaumann R Keller U Arvidson R Mustard JF Duxbury T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5772):400-404
Global mineralogical mapping of Mars by the Observatoire pour la Mineralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activité (OMEGA) instrument on the European Space Agency's Mars Express spacecraft provides new information on Mars' geological and climatic history. Phyllosilicates formed by aqueous alteration very early in the planet's history (the "phyllocian" era) are found in the oldest terrains; sulfates were formed in a second era (the "theiikian" era) in an acidic environment. Beginning about 3.5 billion years ago, the last era (the "siderikian") is dominated by the formation of anhydrous ferric oxides in a slow superficial weathering, without liquid water playing a major role across the planet. 相似文献
55.
56.
Ocampo Espinoza V Vázquez JE Aguilar MD Ortiz MA Alarcón GJ Rodríguez SD 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,114(1-2):34-40
In Mexico, there are no commercial alternatives for the immunoprophylaxis of bovine Anaplasmosis, a disease responsible for great economic losses. Blood derived Anaplasma marginale used for immunizing susceptible cattle has shown promising results for homologous protection and controversial results against unrelated strains. The present study examined, under controlled conditions, the cross-protective potential of an immunogen composed of blood derived A. marginale of three strains against challenge with strains not included in the immunogens. Groups 1 and 2 were immunized with blood derived Anaplasma from strains Mexico, Morelos and Yucatan, group 4 with strains Morelos, Veracruz and Yucatan, two more groups (2 and 5) of equal conditions were inoculated with an adjuvant alone. Groups 1, 4 and 5 were challenged with Mexico strain; groups 2 and 3 were challenge-inoculated with strain Veracruz; groups 3 and 5 with strains Veracruz and Mexico as controls. Only animals in group 1, immunized and challenged with strain Mexico showed adequate protection. Both groups challenged with strains not included in the immunogens developed poor protection, while all the controls had to be treated to prevent death. 相似文献
57.
Yeung T Terebiznik M Yu L Silvius J Abidi WM Philips M Levine T Kapus A Grinstein S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5785):347-351
The surface potential of biological membranes varies according to their lipid composition. We devised genetically encoded probes to assess surface potential in intact cells. These probes revealed marked, localized alterations in the charge of the inner surface of the plasma membrane of macrophages during the course of phagocytosis. Hydrolysis of phosphoinositides and displacement of phosphatidylserine accounted for the change in surface potential at the phagosomal cup. Signaling molecules such as K-Ras, Rac1, and c-Src that are targeted to the membrane by electrostatic interactions were rapidly released from membrane subdomains where the surface charge was altered by lipid remodeling during phagocytosis. 相似文献
58.
Sergio Lanteri Ezio Portis Alberto Acquadro Rosario P. Mauro Giovanni Mauromicale 《Euphytica》2012,184(3):311-321
The species Cynara cardunculus includes the globe artichoke (var. scolymus), the cultivated cardoon (var. altilis) and the wild cardoon (var. sylvestris). The three taxa are sexually compatible and originate fertile F
1 progenies, which, given the high heterozygosity of the species, are highly segregating. We report the characterization of
two F
1 populations, one bred from a cross between globe artichoke and cultivated cardoon, and the other between globe artichoke
and wild cardoon. Both populations featured a wide array of phenotypes in relation to several traits, and some of the newly
developed genotypes are of interest for the ornamental market. The two populations were genotyped at 50 microsatellite (SSR)
loci: in the globe artichoke × wild cardoon and globe artichoke × cultivated cardoon progenies 116 and 97 alleles were respectively
detected. SSR pattern scores were used to produce an UPGMA dendrogram and a PCoA plot. A set of nine SSR loci, evenly dispersed
across the genome, was shown to be sufficient to unambiguously identify each segregant. The molecular fingerprinting is useful
for establishing the true to type correspondence of propagative materials in nurseries and ensures the effective correspondence
between the real and the declared identity of a clone. 相似文献
59.
Urrutia-Morales J Meza-Herrera CA Tello-Varela L Díaz-Gómez MO Beltrán-López S 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(7):1473-1477
The aim of this study was to evaluate possible effects of improved protein and energy diet upon reproductive outcomes of adult goats under marginal rangeland grazing conditions and exposed to the male effect during the anoestrous-dry season. Adult goats (Nubian × Criollo, nonpregnant, nonlactating, n?=?160, 22° 50' N, 100° 59' W, 1,653?m) were randomly divided in two experimental groups: Control (CG; n?=?80) and Supplemented (SG; n?=?80). Both CG and SG goats were kept together during the day for ranging a semiarid rangeland while separated accordingly at night. SG goats were individually supplemented [400?g?kg(-1)?day(-1)?; 14% CP and 2.92 Mcal DE kg(-1)] during a 30-day period. Thereafter, both the CG [35.5?±?0.94?kg LW, 1.95?±?0.06 U, body condition score (BCS)] and the SG [39.5?±?0.94?kg LW, 2.29?±?0.06 BCS] were exposed to adult males (Nubian, n?=?4, two per group) of proven libido and fertility and kept together at night (1700-0900) during a 42-day experimental breeding period. At the beginning of the breeding period, both LW (P?0.001) and BCS (P?0.001) were higher in the SG, which was also reflected in higher pregnancy rate (92.5 vs. 76.3%, P?0.01). Nonetheless, both CG and SG depicted an increased abortion rate (52.5 vs. 41.9% P?>?0.05), respectively. Results suggest that nutritional supplementation and the male effect were able to successfully invoke neurophysiological pathways to increase ovarian activity and to promote a uterine milieu prone to the establishment of pregnancy during the anoestrus season. However, the increased abortion rates observed in the study occurred irrespective of the nutritional regime offered during the premating stage. Therefore, there is a need to align the last third of gestation to the onset of the grazing season in order to increase reproductive and economic efficiency in those rangeland-based marginal goat production systems. 相似文献
60.
Sánchez S Beristain X Martínez R García A Martín C Vidal D Díaz-Sánchez S Rey J Alonso JM Herrera-León S 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,159(3-4):531-535
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O128:H2 is recognised worldwide to be an important non-O157 STEC associated with human illness and in particular with causing haemolytic uraemic syndrome. This serotype is commonly isolated from sheep and is being increasingly isolated from deer. We determined the virulence profile and genetic relationships of one human, six sheep and five deer intimin-negative STEC O128:H2 strains isolated in Spain over a 7-year period. Our goals were to establish the presence of other virulence-associated factors, such as SubAB, in intimin-negative STEC O128:H2 strains involved in human disease and in that case, to determine if sheep and/or deer represent a reservoir of SubAB-positive STEC O128:H2. All the strains lacked the eae gene and carried subtilase cytotoxin (SubAB) encoding genes (subAB) and tia genes, but not saa gene, suggesting the presence of the recently identified new variant of SubAB, encoded on a putative pathogenicity island together with tia. We report for the first time the presence of subtilase cytotoxin encoding genes in intimin-negative STEC O128:H2 strains pathogenic for humans and how this finding might explain their clinical relevance despite neither carrying eae nor stx subtypes associated with severe clinical outcomes, but only stx1c and stx2b. Multilocus sequence typing analysis revealed that STEC O128:H2 strains from sheep and deer belong to the clonal lineage of STEC O128:H2 strains involved in diarrhoeal and haemorrhagic diseases in humans. Our results indicate that sheep and deer represent a reservoir of SubAB-positive STEC O128:H2 strains and thus a potential source of human infection. 相似文献