Impact of traditional soil burning (guie) on Planosol properties and land‐use intensification in south‐western Ethiopia          下载免费PDF全文

A. Verdoodt  M. Dumon  J. Deckers  E. Van Ranst 《Soil Use and Management》2015,31(2):330-336

In the Gilgel Gibe catchment in Ethiopia, local farmers intensify land use on Planosols by adjusting a traditional soil burning practice known as guie. The burning practice used to be applied in a cycle of shifting cultivation. However, more recently, farmers burn small plots to make fertile seedbeds for Eucalyptus seedlings in the first year before these trees are transplanted to larger plots. The purpose of this research was to assess the physico‐chemical properties of Planosols that have been subjected to burning over the last 10 yrs and evaluate the contribution of guie to land‐use intensification of these soils. Transect studies and interviews of local farmers, followed by chemical, physical and micromorphological analyses of samples from selected plots were used to compare the soil properties of recently (0–2 yrs) and formerly (3–10 yrs) burnt Planosols with those of unburnt Planosols. The analytical results show that the burning practice improved nutrient availability in the first 2 yrs after guie. Increased amounts of exchangeable aluminium (Al) were reported in the long term. Charge fingerprints illustrate that the nutrient‐buffering capacity of the soil was high shortly after the practice but subsequently decreased with time. Given the population pressure on the formerly extensively used Planosols, it is argued that the current application of guie on small, localized plots for raising Eucalyptus seedlings is well adapted to the local socio‐economic context and promotes land‐use intensification on the Planosols. The increased exchangeable Al content of former Eucalyptus seedbeds merits further in‐depth research into the biophysical sustainability of the burning practice.  相似文献   

绵羊毛囊及其角蛋白研究进展     

和东迁  陶金忠  陈丽尧  王俊奎 《中国畜牧兽医》2021,(1)

毛囊是毛纤维的生长基础,决定毛纤维的性状,角蛋白是毛囊组成的重要成分之一。近年来,对毛囊生长发育和角蛋白基因的挖掘等取得了一定的进展。文章回顾了绵羊角蛋白基因的发现,已经与人类角蛋白基因相当,但在数量和分类上存在差异;笔者介绍了绵羊毛囊的形态学结构,简述了毛囊角蛋白基因的表达定位和影响毛纤维性状的角蛋白,并分析了毛囊中的蛋白质组学技术的应用对毛囊生长发育和毛纤维性状的重要作用,以期为绵羊毛囊生长发育和羊毛性状的分子选育提供新的研究思路。  相似文献   

Action Mechanism by Which SA Alleviates High Temperature-induced Inhibition to Spikelet Differentiation     

Guan-fu FU  Cai-xia ZHANG  Xue-qin YANG  Yong-jie YANG  Ting-ting CHEN  Xia ZHAO  Wei-meng FU  Bao-hua FENG  Xiu-fu ZHANG  Long-xing TAO  Qian-y JIN 《中国水稻科学》2015,29(6):637

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Pathogen Analysis of Goat's Respiratory Diseases     

TAO Li  LAN Xian-li  LI Jun  MA Chun-xia  LAN Jin-hong  HUANG Ming-xue  LAN Mei-yi  BI Bing-fen  CHEN Ze-xiang  YANG Wei 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(4):1072-1078

To investigate the pathogens of goat's respiratory disease from a goat farm in Guangxi province, the epidemiological investigation, clinic observation, pathological examination, bacterium isolation and identification, biochemical test, PCR and animal experiment test were conducted.The preventive and control measures were taken on the basis of pathogen epidemiological characteristics and drug sensitive test results.The results showed that Mycoplasma, influenza virus and parasite were negative by isolation and culture or PCR, however, two strains of gram-negative bacteria named MS1 and MS2 were isolated from lung.MS1 was identified as Serratia marcescens by biochemical test and 16S rRNA sequencing, which shared 99% nucleotide homology with other Serratia marcescens in GenBank.And MS2 was identified as E.coil by the same methods that shared 99% nucleotide homology with other E.coli in GenBank.Animal experiment showed that two strains could cause death in mice.The drug sensitive tests showed two strains were highly sensitive to spectinomycin, amikacin, kanamicin and neomycin.Kanamycin and dexamethasone were used to treat the sick goats, and achieved good results.  相似文献   

山东烟台市春季观赏植物景观特色与景观营造初探     

陶颖颖 《中国园艺文摘》2015,(2):126-128,163

以山东烟台市芝罘区"M"形状的市区分布为载体而插入山地的布局模式,具有先天优越的生态气候,选择这种先天优势的分布地区为研究地点,同步研究烟台市绿地系统规划,着重观测位于城市中心地带的滨海景观带、南山公园及其附属的大南山景区的春季观赏植物,利用其明确的代表性,从时空角度等方面深入探讨利用春季植物塑造景观的营造方法。  相似文献   

鸡无尾性状的分子机制研究进展     

胡斯乐  陶萨如拉  王月星  王位  王艳欣  齐旺梅  张文广 《中国畜牧兽医》2018,45(1):154-161

动物的尾巴具有改变方向、控制升降、调整速度、支撑身体、防御、攻击、保温、示警、逃生和捕食等作用。鸟类的尾巴在飞行过程中起到平衡身体的关键作用，但在进化过程中尾部却出现了缩短和融合现象，如中国的瓢鸡及智利的Araucana鸡。作者简述了近年来关于鸡无尾性状的解剖学研究成果，发现无尾鸡在胚胎发育HH19期（Hamburger和Humilton标准分期）就已经出现无尾现象，而在结构上无尾鸡缺乏尾脂腺、尾羽、镰羽、尾椎骨和尾综骨。同时作者分析了导致尾部体节停止发育的分子遗传机制，包括周期性表达基因的转录调控影响尾部延伸过程、后端化因子梯度诱导尾部形成、Hox基因影响体节特化过程及基因突变有可能导致的无尾现象等，从而提出了可能导致家禽无尾性状的胚胎发育时期的关键分子及信号通路，包括Irx1和Irx2基因、Notch信号通路、Wnt信号通路、Fgf信号通路、RA信号通路等。研究鸡无尾性状的分子机制不仅可深入了解脊椎动物胚胎发育中尾部发育机制，更有利于揭示鸟类在进化过程中发生的尾部缩短及融合的机理。  相似文献   

Climate Change and Agricultural Production in Africa: A Review of Impacts and Adaptations     

SHI Wen-Jiao  TAO Fu-Lu 《中国农业科学》2014,47(16):3157-3166

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煤矸石栽培基质在农业中资源化利用研究现状     

武海霞  郭爱科  陶涛  冀雅珍  王利书 《北方园艺》2021,(23):134-141

随着煤矸石在农业方面研究的不断深入,其作为栽培基质的开发和应用已成为重要的研究领域.该研究在梳理和分析国内外研究成果的基础上,综述了煤矸石理化及生物学特性、利用途径、已取得的主要成果及存在的问题,指出今后煤矸石在农业资源化利用中的发展趋势.  相似文献   

Addition of organic and inorganic amendments to regenerate the surface structure of silty soils     

Emmanuel A. Gabioud  María C. Sasal  Marcelo G. Wilson  Mariela S. Seehaus  Natalia V. Van Opstal  Stella M. Beghetto  Ana B. Wingeyer 《Soil Use and Management》2020,36(3):449-458

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Mechanism Behind the Effects of GA3 and PP333 on Grain Yield Formation of Super Rice Yongyou 12     

Xue-qin YANG  Ting-ting CHEN  Xia ZHAO  Cai-xia ZHANG  Yong-jie YANG  Guan-fu FU  Long-xing TAO 《中国水稻科学》2016,30(1):53

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