Fish spawning aggregations: where well‐placed management actions can yield big benefits for fisheries and conservation          下载免费PDF全文

Brad Erisman  William Heyman  Shinichi Kobara  Tal Ezer  Simon Pittman  Octavio Aburto‐Oropeza  Richard S Nemeth 《Fish and Fisheries》2017,18(1):128-144

Marine ecosystem management has traditionally been divided between fisheries management and biodiversity conservation approaches, and the merging of these disparate agendas has proven difficult. Here, we offer a pathway that can unite fishers, scientists, resource managers and conservationists towards a single vision for some areas of the ocean where small investments in management can offer disproportionately large benefits to fisheries and biodiversity conservation. Specifically, we provide a series of evidenced‐based arguments that support an urgent need to recognize fish spawning aggregations (FSAs) as a focal point for fisheries management and conservation on a global scale, with a particular emphasis placed on the protection of multispecies FSA sites. We illustrate that these sites serve as productivity hotspots – small areas of the ocean that are dictated by the interactions between physical forces and geomorphology, attract multiple species to reproduce in large numbers and support food web dynamics, ecosystem health and robust fisheries. FSAs are comparable in vulnerability, importance and magnificence to breeding aggregations of seabirds, sea turtles and whales yet they receive insufficient attention and are declining worldwide. Numerous case‐studies confirm that protected aggregations do recover to benefit fisheries through increases in fish biomass, catch rates and larval recruitment at fished sites. The small size and spatio‐temporal predictability of FSAs allow monitoring, assessment and enforcement to be scaled down while benefits of protection scale up to entire populations. Fishers intuitively understand the linkages between protecting FSAs and healthy fisheries and thus tend to support their protection.  相似文献   

Extent-dependent habitat selection in a migratory large herbivore: road avoidance across scales     

Christina M. Prokopenko  Mark S. Boyce  Tal Avgar 《Landscape Ecology》2017,32(2):313-325

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Application of GC-MS for the detection of lipophilic compounds in diverse plant tissues   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Anna Lytovchenko  Romina Beleggia  Nicolas Schauer  Tal Isaacson  Jan E Leuendorf  Hanjo Hellmann  Jocelyn KC Rose  Alisdair R Fernie 《Plant methods》2009,5(1):4-11

Background  

The concept of metabolite profiling has been around for decades and technical innovations are now enabling it to be carried out on a large scale with respect to the number of both metabolites measured and experiments carried out. However, studies are generally confined to polar compounds alone. Here we describe a simple method for lipophilic compounds analysis in various plant tissues.  相似文献   

Time course of serum cobalamin,folate, and total iron binding capacity concentrations in pregnant bitches and association with hematological variables and survival     

Ran Nivy  Michal Mazaki‐Tovi  Itamar Aroch  Smadar Tal 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(4):1627-1634

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Copper Oxide Nanoparticle-Coated Quartz Sand as a Catalyst for Degradation of an Organic Dye in Water     

Tal Ben-Moshe  Ishai Dror  Brian Berkowitz 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(6):3105-3115

Copper oxide nanoparticles were immobilized on quartz sand and their catalytic activity for the degradation of an organic dye was investigated. The use of nanoparticles as catalysts for non photo-induced oxidation of water contaminants is relatively new. The CuO catalyst has shown promising results when suspended in free form in batch systems. Because heterogeneous catalysis is often the preferred mode of operation for application of catalytic technology, we studied the effect of immobilization of the nanoparticles on quartz sand in a flow-through system and its implication for the catalytic process. The coated sand was packed in a column and its catalytic activity for the degradation of an organic dye was investigated in a series of flow-through experiments with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant. Control experiments with uncoated sand were also performed for comparison. The coated sand demonstrated high catalytic ability, achieving complete oxidation of the dye. During the reaction, CO₂ was produced, leading to a decrease in the water saturation in the column and reduced contact surface between the nano-CuO catalysts and the dye solution. The degradation was improved by enabling a longer residence time of the dye in the column, yielding up to 85% degradation of the dye. These results suggest that CuO nanoparticle-coated sand is an efficient catalyst for complete degradation of the organic dye.  相似文献   

A field investigation of the use of the pedometer for the early detection of lameness in cattle     

Mazrier H  Tal S  Aizinbud E  Bargai U 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2006,47(9):883-886

The efficacy of the pedometer to predict lameness earlier than the appearance of the clinical signs in a herd of dairy cows was investigated by correlating pedometric activity (PA) with clinical cases of lameness. The computer program was set to identify cows with a reduction of 5% or more in PA compared with their own previous 10 days average; these animals were then examined for clinical lameness. At the same time, every lame cow was checked to see if and when its PA was reduced. Forty-six cows showed a reduced PA; 38 cases of lameness were identified by either a reduction in PA or clinical observation; of these, 21 lame cows (45.7%) showed a reduction in PA of 5% or more, 7 to 10 days prior to the appearance of clinical signs. This cohort comprised 55.3% of the lame cows. In 92% of the lame cows identified by PA, the decrease was above 15%.  相似文献   

Modulation of the innate immune response,antioxidant system and oxidative stress during acute and chronic stress in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)     

de Fátima Pereira de Faria  Camila  dos Reis Martinez  Claudia Bueno  Takahashi  Leonardo Susumu  de Mello  Mariana Maluli Marinho  Martins  Talísia Pereira  Urbinati  Elisabeth Criscuolo 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2021,47(4):895-905

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry - Stress is an energy-demanding process, as well as the responses of the innate immune system, that impose a metabolic overload on cellular energy production, which...  相似文献   

Genetic analysis of sodium,potassium and chloride ion content inLycopersicon     

D. Zamir  M. Tal 《Euphytica》1987,36(1):187-191

Summary Plants of the salt-sensitiveL. esculentum, the halophytic wild speciesL. pennellii, their F₁ hybrids and the interspecific F₂ generation were grown in Hoagland's liquid culture containing 100 mM NaCl and 6 mM K⁺. Analysis of the Na⁺, Cl^- and K⁺ ions contents of the leaves showed, as observed also in previous studies, that the cultivated parent accumlated more K⁺ and less Na⁺ than the wild parent. A total of 117 F₂ plants were assayed for 15 electrophoretically detectable isozyme markers which map to nine of the twelve tomato chromosomes. Four loci, all with a similar quantitative effect on Na⁺ and Cl^- uptake, were identified by virtue of their linkage to isozyme markers. Two other loci were found to affect K⁺ uptake. This study demonstrates the potential value of using genetic markers in order to gain a better understanding of the genetic basis of quantitative traits associated with the response of plants to salinity stress.  相似文献   

The evolution of eukaryotes     

Martin W  Dagan T  Koonin EV  Dipippo JL  Gogarten JP  Lake JA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5824):542-3; author reply 542-3

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Entrainment of a population of synthetic genetic oscillators     

Mondragón-Palomino O  Danino T  Selimkhanov J  Tsimring L  Hasty J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6047):1315-1319

Biological clocks are self-sustained oscillators that adjust their phase to the daily environmental cycles in a process known as entrainment. Molecular dissection and mathematical modeling of biological oscillators have progressed quite far, but quantitative insights on the entrainment of clocks are relatively sparse. We simultaneously tracked the phases of hundreds of synthetic genetic oscillators relative to a common external stimulus to map the entrainment regions predicted by a detailed model of the clock. Synthetic oscillators were frequency-locked in wide intervals of the external period and showed higher-order resonance. Computational simulations indicated that natural oscillators may contain a positive-feedback loop to robustly adapt to environmental cycles.  相似文献