Relationship between serum sex hormone concentrations and histology of seminiferous tubules of captured baleen whales in the Western North Pacific during the feeding season     

Watanabe H  Mogoe T  Asada M  Hayashi K  Fujise Y  Ishikawa H  Ohsumi S  Miyamoto A  Fukui Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2004,50(4):419-427

The present study was conducted to obtain new information on relationships among serum testosterone (T), estradiol-17 beta (E(2)), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations and histology of seminiferous tubules in captured common minke and Bryde's whales during the feeding season. Blood samples and testes were collected from common minke (n=39 for blood samples, n=15 for testes) and Bryde's (n=14 for blood samples, n=7 for testes) whales captured from May 2001 to August 2001 in the Western North Pacific. Serum T concentrations, in 35.9% of the common minke and 57.1% of Bryde's whales, were below the detection limit (< 2.5 pg/ml). There were no significant differences in the serum concentrations of E(2), FSH, and LH among immature, mature common minke and Bryde's whales except that LH levels of immature Bryde's whales was higher than those of common minke whales. In most seminiferous tubules of mature whales, only a single-layer of spermatogonia was observed. However, spermatozoa were observed in seminiferous tubules in 2/13 of mature common minke and 4/4 of mature Bryde's whales with the low or undetectable T levels. These results indicate that the low serum T concentrations reflect the inactivity of spermatogenesis in both baleen whales, and that it is not possible to assess gonadal activity in either common minke or Bryde's whales using serum sex hormone concentrations during the feeding season.  相似文献   

The pattern of ovarian development in the prepubertal antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis)     

Tetsuka M  Asada M  Mogoe T  Fukui Y  Ishikawa H  Ohsumi S 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2004,50(4):381-389

This study describes the morphological and morphometrical changes associated with prepubertal ovarian development in the Antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis). Ovaries were harvested from 94 immature minke whales caught in the Antarctic Ocean during the summer feeding season (December-March). Notable differences in ovarian size and morphology were found among animals. Up to 10 folds difference in ovarian weight was found among prepubertal whales of similar body size. During the prepubertal period, ovaries grew slowly and approximately doubled their weight. The morphologies of right and left ovaries were almost identical while the growth of the ovary appears to occur preferentially on the right side. The most striking morphological feature was numerous small antral follicles less than 5 mm in diameter found in ovaries of younger immature whales. The occurrence of these ovaries was highest in whales less than 6 m long and gradually decreased as body length increased. In larger whales, the occurrence of ovaries with a smaller number of follicles up to 10 mm and thick tunica albuginea increased. Thus, the ovary of the Antarctic minke whale experiences bursts of small follicular development during the early prepubertal period before becoming a more developed ovary with fewer but larger follicles, and thick tunica albuginea.  相似文献   

In vitro effect of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha on canine neutrophil apoptosis     

Oguma K  Sano J  Kano R  Watari T  Hasegawa A 《Research in veterinary science》2006,80(2):162-166

Neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes: PMNs) are essential for the host defense against various infections and are often injurious to the host, causing inflammatory diseases where tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is suggested to play an important role. Since an effect of TNF-alpha on canine PMN apoptosis has not been studied, canine PMNs were stimulated with recombinant human (rh)TNF-alpha in the present study to investigate the effect of TNF-alpha on canine PMN apoptosis. PMN apoptosis and function to produce ROS were assessed by flow cytometry. Delayed apoptosis was observed in the PMNs treated with rhTNF-alpha at 100 ng/ml, accompanied by retention of capability to produce ROS. However, PMN apoptosis was accelerated by rhTNF-alpha combined with cycloheximide. Therefore, it is indicated that TNF-alpha is able to activate anti- and pro-apoptotic pathways in PMNs and that the inhibition of PMN apoptosis by TNF-alpha requires protein synthesis in the PMNs.  相似文献   

A case of feline pancreatitis     

Sakai M  Harada K  Matsumura H  Takahashi T  Koie H  Yamaya Y  Watari T  Shibuya H  Sato T  Tokuriki M  Hasegawa A 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(12):1331-1333

A 14-year-old, spayed female, domestic shorthair cat was referred to us with anorexia, pyrexia, and jaundice. Total bilirubin (TBIL) and feline trypsin-like immunoreactivity (fTLI) levels were remarkably high. Based on laparoscopic biopsy of the pancreas, the cat was diagnosed as having pancreatitis. As a result of treatment with a synthetic protease inhibitor and corticosteroid, the TBIL and fTLI values returned to normal and the clinical course was good.  相似文献   

Phenotypic analysis of hepatic T lymphocytes in a dog with chronic hepatitis     

Sakai M  Otani I  Ishigaki K  Edamura K  Takahashi T  Koie H  Yamaya Y  Watari T  Shibuya H  Sato T  Kanayama K  Tokuriki M  Hasegawa A 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(11):1219-1221

We evaluated hepatic T lymphocyte phenotypes in a dog with chronic hepatitis. Before treatment, numerous CD3+ lymphocytes were demonstrated in the liver, and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was remarkably high (2.96; reference range, 0.33+/-0.12). After treatment, CD3+ lymphocyte infiltration in the liver was reduced, and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ decreased to 0.31. Therefore, hepatic T lymphocytes, especially CD4+ lymphocytes, might play a central role in the pathogenesis of this dog with chronic hepatitis.  相似文献   

Application of day and night digital photographs for estimating maize biophysical characteristics     

Toshihiro Sakamoto  Anatoly A. Gitelson  Brian D. Wardlow  Timothy J. Arkebauer  Shashi B. Verma  Andrew E. Suyker  Michio Shibayama 《Precision Agriculture》2012,13(3):285-301

In this study, an inexpensive camera-observation system called the Crop Phenology Recording System (CPRS), which consists of a standard digital color camera (RGB cam) and a modified near-infrared (NIR) digital camera (NIR cam), was applied to estimate green leaf area index (LAI), total LAI, green leaf biomass and total dry biomass of stalks and leaves of maize. The CPRS was installed for the 2009 growing season over a rainfed maize field at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Agricultural Research and Development Center near Mead, NE, USA. The vegetation indices called Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index (VARI) and two green–red–blue (2g–r–b) were calculated from day-time RGB images taken by the standard commercially-available camera. The other vegetation index called Night-time Relative Brightness Index in NIR (NRBI_NIR) was calculated from night-time flash NIR images taken by the modified digital camera on which a NIR band-pass filter was attached. Sampling inspections were conducted to measure bio-physical parameters of maize in the same experimental field. The vegetation indices were compared with the biophysical parameters for a whole growing season. The VARI was found to accurately estimate green LAI (R² = 0.99) and green leaf biomass (R² = 0.98), as well as track seasonal changes in maize green vegetation fraction. The 2g–r–b was able to accurately estimate total LAI (R² = 0.97). The NRBI_NIR showed the highest accuracy in estimation of the total dry biomass weight of the stalks and leaves (R² = 0.99). The results show that the camera-observation system has potential for the remote assessment of maize biophysical parameters at low cost.  相似文献   

Regulatory pathways controlling the endovascular invasive trophoblast cell lineage     

MJ Soares  D Chakraborty  SJ Renaud  K Kubota  P Bu  T Konno  MA Rumi 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2012,58(3):283-287

Hemochorial placentation is characterized by trophoblast-directed uterine spiral artery remodeling. The rat and human both possess hemochorial placentation and exhibit remarkable similarities regarding the depth of trophoblast invasion and the extent of uterine vascular modification. In vitro and in vivo research methodologies have been established using the rat as an animal model to investigate the extravillous/invasive trophoblast lineage. With these research approaches, two signaling pathways controlling the differentiation and invasion of the trophoblast cell lineage have been identified: i) hypoxia/hypoxia inducible factor and ii) phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/Fos like antigen 1. Dissection of these pathways has facilitated identification of fundamental regulators of the invasive trophoblast cell lineage.  相似文献   

Effects of transplantation sites on tumour growth,pulmonary metastasis and ezrin expression of canine osteosarcoma cell lines in nude mice     

T. Jaroensong  Y. Endo  S.‐J. Lee  A. Kamida  M. Mochizuki  R. Nishimura  N. Sasaki  T. Nakagawa 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2012,10(4):274-282

To determine the influence of the transplantation site of canine osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines on tumour growth and pulmonary metastasis, three OS cell lines were transplanted into nude mice via subcutaneous (SC), intratibial (IT) or intravenous (IV) injection. IT‐xenografts exhibited greater potential for developing primary masses and pulmonary metastasis than SC‐xenografts. In IT and IV xenografts, lung micrometastases along with phosphorylated ezrin–radixin–moesin (p‐ERM) overexpression were found in mice xenografted with HMPOS and OOS cells after 1 week and metastasis was found with decreased p‐ERM expression at later time points. The expression of ezrin and p‐ERM in the primary tumours of IT‐xenografted mice was higher than those in SC‐xenografted mice with HMPOS and OOS cells. The results suggest that the orthotopic transplantation site plays an important role in the spontaneous metastasis of canine OS and that ezrin phosphorylation may be involved in the early metastatic mechanism of canine OS cells.  相似文献   

Effect of various drought stresses and subsequent recovery on proline,total soluble sugar and starch metabolisms in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties     

Doan Cong Dien  Toshihiro Mochizuki  Takeo Yamakawa 《Plant Production Science》2013,16(4):530-545

ABSTRACT

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple foods in the world, however most improved rice varieties are susceptible to drought stress. A two-year study was conducted to explore the effects of various drought stresses and subsequent recovery on the accumulation and degradation of proline, total soluble sugar and starch in different rice varieties at vegetative stage. The results showed that relative water content in the leaves and sheaths of rice varieties significantly decreased under drought stresses, but not at the same rate. Under control and drought conditions, the water content in sheaths was higher than that in leaves. Interestingly, under severe drought stress in 2015, the leaf water content was higher than the sheath water content. The water distribution between leaves and sheaths might be a response of plants to protect leaf system from devastation by drought. Proline was highly accumulated under drought stress but rapidly decreased after re-watering. The drought tolerant variety DA8 expressed higher ability in accumulation of proline than susceptible varieties. In general, total soluble sugar and starch contents in leaves and sheaths of varieties decreased under drought stress conditions. Total soluble sugar and starch content of DA8 were less affected than other varieties under drought conditions. Our study indicated that metabolisms of total soluble sugar and starch in rice were affected by both environmental conditions and characteristics of varieties. Proline accumulation ability of varieties can be used as a useful indicator for drought tolerant potential in rice breeding for water-limited environments.  相似文献   

Semiquantitative multi‐analysis of plasma obtained from Romney lambs (Ovis aries) by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,and the classification according to feed type     

Fumihito Takahashi  Mariko Mochizuki  Touko Sato  Kinya Katayama  Paul R. Kenyon  Stephen T. Morris  Peter D. Kemp  Takeyuki Ozawa  Fukiko Ueda  Hiroyuki Tazaki 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(6):496-501

The establishment of a classification system for domestic animals on consumed feed stuff is thought to be important from both a hygiene and market point of view. We collected plasma samples of Romney lambs (Ovis aries) which were fed one of the following: a herb‐clover mix (n = 10) which included chicory, red clover, white clover and plantain; a plant‐grass mix (n = 10) which included plantain, ryegrass and white clover; or a grass mix (n = 10) which included ryegrass and white clover. A total of 20 elements in plasma samples obtained from the lambs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The data were then analyzed by principal component analysis. The lambs were divided into three groups on a score plot depending on the different feed conditions. Furthermore, discriminant analyses of the elements were examined, using linear discriminant analysis with forward stepwise regression. This discriminant function correctly classified the samples from each group. The accuracy of classification of each group, as shown by 10‐fold cross‐validation, proved the effectiveness of the established discriminant function. It is concluded that using linear discriminant analysis might be a useful tool for the validation of elements from plasma in lambs grown in different conditions.  相似文献