The effect of hypovitaminosis A on the pathogenesis of Pasteurella multocida in turkeys     

Aye PP  Morishita TY  Saif YM  Jonas M 《Avian diseases》2000,44(4):818-826

It has been proposed that Pasteurella multocida can invade the host tissues via the mucous membrane. Vitamin A (VitA) deficiency has been associated with mucous membrane damage, such as squamous metaplasia. The objective of this study was to determine the early stages in the pathogenesis of P. multocida in VitA-deficient turkeys and clinically healthy turkeys. Fifteen-week-old VitA-deficient and clinically healthy turkeys were inoculated with P. multocida P-1059, a virulent strain, and the portal of entry, invasion, and localization of P. multocida were studied by microbial examination of the trachea, liver, and lung and histologic examinations of internal organs. Higher mortality was found in VitA-deficient turkeys. Pasteurella multocida was first reisolated from the trachea, secondarily from the liver and blood, and finally from the lung in both groups. Invasion of P. multocida into tissues occurred between 3 hr and 24 hr postinoculation in both groups. Our findings suggest that altered membrane integrity in VitA-deficient birds did not appear to change the time course of the systemic spread of P. multocida infection in turkeys and that the increased mortality seen in the VitA-deficient turkeys may be associated with immune system impairment.  相似文献   

The microbiologic ecology of the turkey poult jejunum     

Teresa Y. Morishita  Kenneth M. Lam  Richard H. McCapes 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1992,14(3-4):233-240

Microbial succession in the jejunum of the commercial turkey poult was elucidated from poults at three different ranches and from successive flocks on a fourth ranch. The microbial ecology of the jejunum appears to consist of Gram-positive organisms in the first few days. The bacterial ecology then primarily becomes a Gram-negative flora. After 3 weeks of age, Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus spp. and Campylobacter jejuni dominate the jejunum and this observations is not affected by the time of year of sample collections. It is speculated that this progression and colonization of a dominant jejunal flora is a natural way for poults to prevent pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold.  相似文献   

Prevalence and characteristics of Pasteurella multocida in commercial turkeys     

Aye PP  Angrick EJ  Morishita TY  Harr BS 《Avian diseases》2001,45(1):182-190

The oropharyngeal regions of 680 meat turkeys and 55 breeder turkeys from nine outbreak farms, three history-outbreak farms, and 19 nonoutbreak farms in Ohio, Indiana, and Pennsylvania were cultured to determine the prevalence of Pasteurella multocida in turkeys. Pasteurella multocida was recovered from 32 out of 105 turkeys belonging to outbreak farms. Pasteurella multocida was not recovered from either history-outbreak or nonoutbreak farms. Characterization via capsular and somatic serotyping, biotyping, restriction endonuclease analysis, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on all recovered P. multocida isolates. Pasteurella multocida serotype A:1 and somatic serotype 1 with an un-typable capsular serogroup (UT:1) were the most common serogroups found. All isolates belonged to biotype P. multocida ssp. multocida. EcoRI, HpaII, and HindIII restriction enzyme digestions identified three, five, and five restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles, respectively. A majority of the isolates were susceptible to amikacin, ampicillin, ceftiofur, cephalothin, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, gentamicin, neomycin, novobiocin, oxacillin with 2% NaCl, sarafloxacin, tilmicosin, and trimethoprim with sulphadiazine and resistant to clindamicin, penicillin, tiamulin, and tylosin.  相似文献   

Self-feeding activity of a pleuronectiform fish, the barfin flounder     

Toshikazu Sunuma  Masafumi Amano  Takeshi Yamanome  Kiyoshi Furukawa  Kunio Yamamori 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2007,270(1-4):566-569

The self-feeding activity of the barfin flounder (Verasper moseri) was examined under natural photoperiod and temperature. The experiment, carried out over 12 weeks from September to December, involved tagged fish (mean body weight: 371 g) reared in three 1000-l tanks (3 or 5 fish per tank) with a self-feeder device. The sensor comprised a switch and trigger string with a bead. Self-feeding activity was recorded in all tanks from day 1. The fish fed mostly at night. Strong positive correlations were observed between the number of daily feeder activations and water temperature/photoperiod, and all fish grew during the experiment. These results demonstrate that barfin flounder can operate self-feeding systems and it is suggested that self-feeding activity is influenced by photoperiod and water temperature.  相似文献   

Echocardiographic estimation of left ventricular‐arterial coupling in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease     

Tatsuyuki Osuga  Tomoya Morita  Noboru Sasaki  Keitaro Morishita  Hiroshi Ohta  Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2021,35(1):78-87

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Asef, a link between the tumor suppressor APC and G-protein signaling     

Kawasaki Y  Senda T  Ishidate T  Koyama R  Morishita T  Iwayama Y  Higuchi O  Akiyama T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,289(5482):1194-1197

The adenomatous polyposis coli gene (APC) is mutated in familial adenomatous polyposis and in sporadic colorectal tumors. Here the APC gene product is shown to bind through its armadillo repeat domain to a Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), termed Asef. Endogenous APC colocalized with Asef in mouse colon epithelial cells and neuronal cells. Furthermore, APC enhanced the GEF activity of Asef and stimulated Asef-mediated cell flattening, membrane ruffling, and lamellipodia formation in MDCK cells. These results suggest that the APC-Asef complex may regulate the actin cytoskeletal network, cell morphology and migration, and neuronal function.  相似文献   

Reliable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of soybean proteins in processed foods     

Morishita N  Kamiya K  Matsumoto T  Sakai S  Teshima R  Urisu A  Moriyama T  Ogawa T  Akiyama H  Morimatsu F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(16):6818-6824

Among allergenic foods, soybean is known as a food causing adverse reactions in allergenic patients. To clarify the validity of labeling, the specific and sensitive detection method for the analysis of the soybean protein would be necessary. The p34 protein, originally characterized to be p34 as an oil-body associated protein in soybean, has been identified as one of the major allergenic proteins and named Gly m Bd 30K. A novel sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection and quantification of the soybean protein in processed foods was developed using polyclonal antibodies raised against p34 as a soybean marker protein and the specific extraction buffer for extract. The developed sandwich ELISA method was highly specific for the soybean protein. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) of the developed ELISA were 0.47 ng/mL (equivalent to 0.19 microg/g in foods) and 0.94 ng/mL (equivalent to 0.38 microg/g in foods), respectively. The recovery ranged from 87.7 to 98.7%, whereas the intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were less than 4.2 and 7.5%, respectively. This study showed that the developed ELISA method is a specific, precise, and reliable tool for the quantitative analysis of the soybean protein in processed foods.  相似文献   

Virulence of raptor-origin Pasteurella multocida in domestic chickens.     

P P Aye  T Y Morishita  E J Angrick 《Avian diseases》1999,43(2):279-285

Pasteurella multocida belonging to somatic serotype 1 and capsular type A has been known to cause avian cholera in domestic poultry. Pasteurella multocida serotype 1 has also been isolated from raptorial birds. However, the capsular type for these raptorial isolates remains unknown. Moreover, the virulence of these raptorial isolates for domestic poultry has not been determined. The objectives of this study were to determine the capsular type of raptorial P. multocida serotype 1 isolates and to determine if these isolates were virulent for domestic chickens. Study chickens were inoculated with one of three P. multocida isolates. Isolate WESO-1 was obtained from a western screech owl (Otus kennicottii) and isolates RTHA-2 and RTHA-4 were isolated from two red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis). These isolates were given by either the oral, intravenous, or intraocular route. Control birds were given brain-heart infusion broth. The capsular serotypes of three isolates were also determined. The RTHA-2 and RTHA-4 isolates belonged to P. multocida capsular type A. The WESO-1 isolate belonged to capsular type F. Results also demonstrated that, for the isolates examined, the intraocular route did not cause mortality in chickens. There was mortality in all groups for the intravenous route. However, various mortality patterns were observed when P. multocida was given orally for the three different isolates. The RTHA-4 isolate (serotype 1:A) was the most virulent for domestic chickens. The WESO-1 isolate (serotype 1:F) was the least virulent for chickens among the raptorial isolates examined.  相似文献   

Body-length frequency and spatial segregation of the North Pacific spiny dogfish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Squalus suckleyi</Emphasis> in Tsugaru Strait,northern Japan     

Toshikazu Yano  Tsutomu Hattori  Tsuneshiro Tamukai  Seiji Ohshimo 《Fisheries Science》2017,83(6):917-928

The present study elucidated the length structure and habitat segregation of North Pacific spiny dogfish (SPD) Squalus suckleyi in the Tsugaru Strait of northern Japan. Length–frequency distributions using kernel density estimation were determined for SPD captured by the bottom longline fishery landed at Minmaya from 1999 to 2011 and at Ohma from 2007 to 2011. Length–frequency distributions significantly differed between landings at the two ports; SPD at Minmaya were on average larger (65–85 cm precaudal length: PCL) than at Ohma (55–75 cm PCL). This difference is evidence of the length-based spatial segregation of the SPD. The seasonal landing pattern of the SPD was also different between the two ports. The SPD landed at Minmaya were largest during February–June and SPD < 75 cm PCL were caught at Ohma throughout the year. This different landing pattern was related to seasonal differences in bottom-layer water temperatures between the two fishing grounds. Females were thought to be dominant at Minmaya, whereas males dominated in most of the catches at Ohma. These results suggest spatial patterns of sexual segregation for this species in the Tsugaru Strait and require elucidation of the SPD stock condition at Minmaya and Ohma.  相似文献