Differentiation of Rhizoctonia AG-D Isolates from Turfgrass into Subgroups I and II Based on rDNA and RAPD Analyses   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Takeshi Toda  Mitsuro Hyakumachi  Haruhisa Suga  Koji Kageyama  Akemi Tanaka  Toshikazu Tani 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1999,105(9):835-846

Binucleate Rhizoctonia anastomosis group (AG) D is the cause of rhizoctonia-patch and elephant-footprint diseases of zoysiagrass, and winter-patch disease of bentgrass. Rhizoctonia AG-D is also known as the causal pathogen of other diseases such as sharp-eye-spot of cereals, foot-rot of cereals and winter-stem-rot of mat rush. Isolates of AG-D have been divided into the two subgroups AG-D (I) and AG-D (II), based on the results of cultural characteristics and pathogenicity tests. Isolates obtained from zoysiagrass exhibiting symptoms of rhizoctonia-patch disease, from bentgrass with winter-patch disease, from wheat with foot-rot disease, and from mat rush with winter-stem-rot disease were reported to belong to subgroup AG-D (I). On the other hand, isolates obtained from zoysiagrass with elephant-footprint disease were assigned to subgroup AG-D (II). To confirm the existence of these two subgroups in AG-D, the genetic structure of AG-D isolates from turfgrass and other crops was compared. RFLP analysis of the ITS region from rDNA after digestion with the restriction enzymes EcoRI, HaeIII, HhaI, HinfI, and MboI separated AG-D isolates into two groups corresponding to AG-D (I) and AG-D (II). Furthermore, other AGs except AG-Q (AGs-A, Ba, Bb, C, E, F, G, I, K, L, O, P, and R. solani AG1-IC) did not have the same patterns that were seen for the two AG-D subgroups. AG-Q isolates from bentgrass showed the same patterns as AG-D (I). The results of the RAPD analysis also revealed the existence of two groups that corresponded to AG-D (I) and AG-D (II). These analyses revealed that Rhizoctonia AG-D isolates from turfgrass could be divided into two subgroups consistent with those based on cultural characteristics and pathogenicity. In addition, isolates of foot-rot disease of wheat and isolates of winter-stem-rot disease of mat rush whose cultural characteristics were the same as those of AG-D (I) also showed similar RFLP and RAPD patterns to those of AG-D (I) isolates from turfgrass.  相似文献   

Pyogranulomatous typhlitis and hepatitis of market turkeys.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

T Y Morishita  A A Bickford 《Avian diseases》1992,36(4):1070-1075

Pyogranulomatous lesions in the liver and cecum were observed in groups of 7-to-8-week-old market turkeys. Necropsy revealed multifocal lesions in the liver and the presence of cecal cores that, in some cases, distended the cecum to the point of rupture. Mortality was associated with the ruptured ceca. Two successive flocks also succumbed to these lesions. An epizootiological study was performed to determine the cause and/or initiation of lesions leading to the formation of cecal cores.  相似文献   

Molecular loops in the galactic center: evidence for magnetic flotation     

Fukui Y  Yamamoto H  Fujishita M  Kudo N  Torii K  Nozawa S  Takahashi K  Matsumoto R  Machida M  Kawamura A  Yonekura Y  Mizuno N  Onishi T  Mizuno A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5796):106-109

The central few hundred parsecs of the Milky Way host a massive black hole and exhibit very violent gas motion and high temperatures in molecular gas. The origin of these properties has been a mystery for the past four decades. Wide-field imaging of the (12)CO (rotational quantum number J = 1 to 0) 2.6-millimeter spectrum has revealed huge loops of dense molecular gas with strong velocity dispersions in the galactic center. We present a magnetic flotation model to explain that the formation of the loops is due to magnetic buoyancy caused by the Parker instability. The model has the potential to offer a coherent explanation for the origin of the violent motion and extensive heating of the molecular gas in the galactic center.  相似文献   

Detection and genotyping of canine coronavirus RNA in diarrheic dogs in Japan     

Takehisa Soma  Tsuyoshi Ohinata  Toshikazu Takahashi  Motonobu Hara 《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(2):205-207

To clarify the prevalence of canine coronavirus (CCoV) infection in Japan, faecal samples from 109 dogs with diarrhoea were examined for CCoV RNA together with canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) DNA. The detection rates of CCoV and CPV-2 for dogs aged less than 1 year were 66.3% and 43.8%, while those for dogs aged 1 year or older were 6.9% and 10.3%, respectively, which were significantly different (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0003, respectively), indicating not CPV-2 but CCoV is an important diarrhoea-causing organism in juvenile dogs. Among the CCoV-positive dogs, 65.5% and 72.7% showed to be positive for CCoV types I and II, respectively, and simultaneous detection rate of both types was high at 40.0%. Furthermore, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV)-like CCoV RNA was detected from 8 dogs. These findings indicate that CCoV type I and TGEV-like CCoV are already circulating in Japan, though no reports have been presented to date.  相似文献   

Seasonal change in N<Subscript>2</Subscript>O flux from forest soils in a forest catchment in Japan     

Tomoaki Morishita  Shuhei Aizawa  Shuichiro Yoshinaga  Shinji Kaneko 《Journal of Forest Research》2011,16(5):386-393

Temperate forest soils are one source of nitrous oxide (N₂O), which is an important greenhouse gas and the most important ozone-depleting substance. To clarify N₂O flux mechanisms in relation to soil temperature, moisture, and nitrification activity, we measured N₂O fluxes and net nitrification rates over 3 years at the lower (Japanese cedar) and upper (deciduous broad-leaved trees) parts of a hill slope in a small forest catchment in the northern Kanto region of Japan. The N₂O flux was measured by the closed-chamber technique every month, along with soil temperature and water-filled pore space (WFPS). At the lower slope, the N₂O flux increased with increasing soil temperature (r ² = 0.383, P < 0.01) owing to an increase in the nitrification rate. At the upper slope, no positive linear correlation of N₂O flux with soil temperature, WFPS, or nitrification rate was observed. The low N₂O flux at the upper slope during summer was caused by the low summertime WFPS there. We attributed the higher mean N₂O fluxes observed at the lower slope (median 2.36 μg N m⁻² h⁻¹) than at the upper slope (median 1.10 μg N m⁻² h⁻¹) to a high soil moisture during summer season in the surface soil of the lower slope.  相似文献   

A synthesis of sumanene, a fullerene fragment     

Sakurai H  Daiko T  Hirao T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5641):1878

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Effect of root exudates on growth of newly isolated nitrifying bacteria from barley rhizoplane     

Kazuo Satoh  Toshikazu Yanagida  Katsunori Isobe  Hirofumi Tomiyama  Reiji Takahashi  Hidetoshi Iwano 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):757-762

An ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, strain PJA1, and nitrite-oxidizing bacterium, strain PJN1, were newly isolated from the rhizoplane of barley. The cells of strain PJA1 were lobate, compartmentalized, and showed characteristics of the genus Nitrosolobus. The similarity of the 16S rRNA gene to Nitrosolobus multiformis ATCC25196 was 99.04%. The cells of strain PJN1 were rod-shaped. The similarity of the 16S rRNA gene to Nitrobacter agilis ATCC14123 was 98.57%. These newly isolated bacteria were identified as Nitrosolobus sp. PJA1 and Nitrobacter sp. PJN1, respectively. The exudates prepared from barley roots of both the pre-heading and post-heading stages promoted the growth of strain PJA1 (15–20% increase). The growth of the non-rhizoplane strains like Nitrosomonas europaea ATCC25978 was remarkably inhibited by the exudates. The growth of strain PJN1 was also remarkably promoted by the root exudates at the pre-heading stage (6 time increase), and by the root exudates at the post-heading stage (2.5 time increase). The root exudates did not effect the growth of Nitrobacter winogradskyi IFO14297, isolated from the non-rhizoplane.  相似文献   

Ray florets color and shape mutants induced by C ion beam irradiation in chrysanthemum     

Atsushi Matsumura  Toshikazu Nomizu  Noriyuki Furutani  Ken Hayashi  Yasuhiro Minamiyama  Yoshihiro Hase 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

Ion beam irradiation is attracting attention in floriculture as a means of inducing mutations. We investigated the effect of ion beam irradiation on induction of ray florets color/shape mutants from two strains of chrysanthemum to create new flower cultivars. The ray florets and leaf explants of chrysanthemum cultivars, ‘Shiroyamate’ and ‘H13’, respectively, cultured on MS medium were irradiated with ¹²C⁵⁺ ion beam at doses of 1, 2, 4 and 8Gy. The frequency of shoot primordia formation on ray florets explants of ‘Shiroyamate’ and shoot bud formation on leaf explants of ‘H13’ was decreased by 8Gy and 4Gy irradiation, respectively. The effective dose of ion beam was less than 4Gy in ‘Shiroyamate’ and less than 2Gy in ‘H13’. After exposure to an effective dose of ion beam, regenerated plants were grown in a green-house and the field. Yellow ray florets mutants from ‘Shiroyamate’, and various ray florets color mutants (dark-red, light red, pink, pink spray) and a flower shape mutant (double-ray florets) from ‘H13’ were induced by ion beam irradiation. Furthermore, a white mutant was obtained from a chimeric mutant. These results suggest that the combination of ion beam irradiation and tissue culture would be an effective means of generation mutants at a high efficiency.  相似文献   

Canine Lat1: molecular structure, distribution and its expression in cancer samples     

Ochiai H  Morishita T  Onda K  Sugiyama H  Maruo T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(7):917-922

A full-length cDNA sequence of canine L-type amino acid transporter 1 (Lat1) was determined from a canine brain. The sequence was 1828 bp long and was predicted to encode 485 amino acid polypeptides. The deduced amino acid sequence of canine Lat1 showed 93.2% and 91.1% similarities to those of humans and rats, respectively. Northern blot analysis detected Lat1 expression in the cerebellum at 4 kb, and Western blot analysis showed a single band at 40 kDa. RT-PCR analysis revealed a distinct expression of Lat1 in the pancreas and testis in addition to the cerebrum and cerebellum. Notably, Lat1 expression was observed in the tissues of thyroid cancer, melanoma and hemangiopericytoma. Although the cancer samples examined were not enough, Lat1 may serve as a useful biomarker of cancer cells in veterinary clinic.  相似文献   

Washout Ratio in the Hepatic Vein Measured by Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasonography to Distinguish Between Inflammatory and Noninflammatory Hepatic Disorders in Dogs          下载免费PDF全文

K. Morishita  A. Hiramoto  A. Michishita  S. Takagi  T. Osuga  S.Y. Lim  K. Nakamura  N. Sasaki  H. Ohta  M. Takiguchi 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2017,31(3):770-777

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