A national surveillance of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in food-producing animals in Japan     

Kijima-Tanaka M  Ishihara K  Kojima A  Morioka A  Nagata R  Kawanishi M  Nakazawa M  Tamura Y  Takahashi T 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2005,52(5):230-237

To assess the public health risk, the prevalence and anti-microbial resistance of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) among food-producing animals were studied throughout Japan. Faecal samples were collected from healthy animals of 272 cattle, 179 pigs, and 158 broilers on 596 farms in all 47 Japanese prefectures. STEC were isolated from 62 (23%) cattle and 32 (14%) pig samples but from no chicken samples. Of the bovine isolates, 19 belonged to serotypes frequently implicated in human disease (O157:H7/non-motile (NM)/H not typeable, O26:NM/H11/H21/H not typeable, O113:H21, and O145:NM). The eae genes were observed in 37% of bovine isolates; among them one O145:NM and all four O157 isolates possessed eae-gamma1, and one O145:NM, one O103:H11, and all five O26 isolates possessed eae-beta1 gene. Among the swine isolates, stx2e were dominant, and serotypes frequently implicated in human diseases or eae-positive isolates were not observed. Bovine isolates showed less anti-microbial resistance, but six isolates of 26:NM/H11 and O145:NM were multi-resistant and may need careful monitoring. Swine isolates showed various resistance patterns; chloramphenicol resistance patterns were more common than in bovine isolates. This first national study of STEC in the Japanese veterinary field should aid our understanding of Japan's STEC status.  相似文献   

Improvement in pulmonary arterial lesions after heartworm removal using flexible alligator forceps     

Y Sasaki  H Kitagawa  K Ishihara  T Masegi 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1990,52(4):743-752

Improvement of pulmonary arterial lesions after heartworm removal using flexible alligator forceps was investigated by measuring pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), and by angiographic and histopathological examinations in 11 dogs. PAP obtained immediately after worm removal corresponded well with angiographic abnormalities. In 2 dogs, high PAP immediately after worm removal fell gradually by 12 weeks, and obstructions on angiogram were resolved at 4 to 12 weeks. In 4 dogs, slightly high PAP fell to the normal range at 4 weeks, and angiographic abnormalities were considerably reduced at 4 to 12 weeks. In 5 dogs, PAP returned to normal range immediately after worm removal, and angiographic changes almost disappeared at 4 to 8 weeks. On biopsy immediately after worm removal, samples of the main pulmonary arteries showed severe intimal proliferations with villous or papillary protrusion into the lumen. Autopsy at 12 to 20 weeks indicated that the intimal protrusions were remarkably reduced as compared with the biopsy samples in all cases. However, villous intimal protrusions were seen in the caudal lobar arteries in cases with remaining alive worms. New vessels seemed to develop into thromboemboli with time. From these findings, it is clear that the pulmonary arterial lesions improved after heartworm removal, and the clinical signs disappeared following the improvement in hemodynamics. Aspirin therapy (5 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks after worm removal in 5 dogs did not improve the intimal lesions as compared to 3 control dogs.  相似文献   

Efficacy of heartworm removal in dogs with dirofilarial hemoglobinuria using flexible alligator forceps     

K Ishihara  H Kitagawa  Y Sasaki 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1988,50(3):739-745

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Changes in cardiopulmonary values after heartworm removal from pulmonary artery using flexible alligator forceps     

K Ishihara  H Kitagawa  Y Sasaki  H Yokoi 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1988,50(3):731-738

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Plasma milbemycin D concentrations in collies, shelties and Japanese mongrel dogs     

H Kitagawa  Y Sasaki  K Ishihara  K Ishizako 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1988,50(6):1184-1191

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Clinical studies on canine dirofilarial hemoglobinuria: measured and calculated serum osmolalities and osmolar gap     

H Kitagawa  Y Sasaki  K Ishihara 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(4):703-710

Serum osmolalities and osmolar gap were determined in 43 normal healthy beagles (control group) and 40 dogs with dirofilarial hemoglobinuria (hemoglobinuria group). In the control group, the measured and calculated serum osmolality levels were in the means of 296 +/- 5 (SD) mOsm/kg and 293 +/- 6 mOsm/kg respectively, showing an osmolar gap less than 10 mOsm/kg. In the hemoglobinuria group, the measured serum osmolality ranged from 272 to 370 mOsm/kg. A considerable number of dogs had normal serum osmolalities in spite of severe intravascular hemolysis, suggesting that the changes in serum osmolality would not be the direct cause of intravascular hemolysis. The measured serum osmolality (331 +/- 28 mOsm/kg) was significantly higher in 11 dogs which died after a surgical removal heartworms than in 29 dogs which recovered after the removal (302 +/- 17 mOsm/kg). The calculated serum osmolality level was 296 +/- 16 mOsm/kg in 24 recovered cases, and 304 +/- 22 mOsm/kg in 10 fatal cases. The osmolar gap stayed in the normal ranges of 5.4 +/- 5.9 mOsm/kg in recovered cases, but it attained a higher level of 22.7 +/- 8.9 mOsm/kg in fatal cases, suggesting poor prognosis in cases with large osmolar gaps. There were significant positive correlations between the measured serum osmolality and osmolar gap, serum sodium, potassium, BUN, GOT, GPT, creatinine, bilirubin and plasma hemoglobin values, as well as between the osmolar gap and serum potassium, BUN, GOT, GPT, creatinine and bilirubin values. The plasma hemoglobin concentration fell markedly without significant change in serum osmolality 20 hr after the heartworm removal.  相似文献   

Natural case of Aujeszky's disease in the dog in Japan     

M Hara  T Shimizu  M Fukuyama  Y Nomura  K Shirota  Y Une  A Hirota  K Yago  H Yamada  M Ishihara 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1987,49(4):645-649

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Clinical application of milbemycin D as a prophylactic agent against Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs: reactions in uninfected and infected dogs     

Y Sasaki  H Kitagawa  H Okachi  Y Kajita  K Ishihara 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1986,48(3):579-586

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Prevention of biofilm formation with a coating of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymer     

Fujii K  Matsumoto HN  Koyama Y  Iwasaki Y  Ishihara K  Takakuda K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(2):167-173

Device-associated infections are serious complications, and their prevention is an issue of considerable importance. Since biofilms are responsible for these refractory infections, effective methods to inhibit biofilm formation are required. In this investigation, stainless steel plates with and without 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer, i.e., poly (MPC-co-n-butyl methacrylate) (PMB) coating, were incubated in a medium containing bacteria. In the course of incubation, half of the specimens received antibiotics. The specimens were stained for nucleic acid and polysaccharides, and then examined with a confocal laser scanning microscope. The numbers of bacteria on the specimen surfaces were evaluated by an ATP assay. On the surfaces of the specimens without PMB coating, the formation of a biofilm enveloping bacteria was confirmed. The addition of antibiotics did not effectively decrease the number of bacteria. On the other hand, on the surfaces of the specimens with PMB coating, no biofilm formation was observed, and the number of bacteria was significantly decreased. The addition of potent antibiotics further decreased the number of bacteria by 1/100 to 1/1000 times. The PMB coating combined with the validated use of antibiotics might provide a method for the simultaneous achievement of biocompatible surfaces of devices and the prevention of device-associated infections.  相似文献   

The dynamics of antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter jejuni on Japanese broiler farms     

Ishihara K  Yano S  Nishimura M  Asai T  Kojima A  Takahashi T  Tamura Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(5):515-518

We investigated for dynamics of Campylobacter clones on 2 different managerial broiler farms. Campylobacter isolates were differentiated by resistance typing and molecular typing methods. On farm I, the same C. jejuni clones resistant to fluoroquinolone and oxytetracycline were isolated after one and half years again and another susceptible clone was invaded. The susceptible clone was isolated again after half year. Broiler flocks on the farm may be repeatedly infected with a few C. jejuni clones. On farm II, new clones including antimicrobial resistant one, were often invaded. The change of predominant C. jejuni clone in each flock on both the farms was observed, in the absence of antimicrobial selective pressure.  相似文献