Low Cost Satellite Data for Monthly Irrigation Performance Monitoring: Benchmarks from Nilo Coelho, Brazil   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

W.G.M. Bastiaanssen  R.A.L. Brito  M.G. Bos  R.A. Souza  E.B. Cavalcanti  M.M. Bakker 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》2001,15(1):53-79

Irrigation performance indicators can helpwater managers to understand how anirrigation scheme operates under actualcircumstances. The new contribution ofremote sensing data, is the opportunity tostudy the crop growing conditions at scalesranging from individual fields to schemelevel. Public domain internet satellitedata have been used to calculate actual andpotential crop evapotranspiration, soilmoisture and biomass growth on a monthlybasis in the Nilo Coelho irrigation scheme,Pernambuco (Brazil). Satellite interpretedraster maps were merged with vector maps ofthe irrigation water delivery system.Monthly values of a minimum list ofirrigation performance indicators for thevarious service units in the pressurizedNilo Coelho scheme were determined. NiloCoelho is a good performing scheme. Theperformance can be improved further if 25%irrigation water is saved from February toJuly. The benchmark figures from thismodern irrigation system are presented forcomparitive analysis with other systems.The acceptable ranges in space and timeare presented. On average, 65% of thelateral pumping units on a monthly basisfall within the acceptable limits ofirrigation performance. Low cost irrigationperformance data based on low resolutionsatellite images (US$ 1/ha) will help themanagement team to focus on specificpumping units, and discuss alternativeirrigation and farm management strategieswith the stakeholders.  相似文献   

Aqueous and methanolic extracts of Caulerpa mexicana suppress cell migration and ear edema induced by inflammatory agents     

Bitencourt MA  Dantas GR  Lira DP  Barbosa-Filho JM  de Miranda GE  Santos BV  Souto JT 《Marine drugs》2011,9(8):1332-1345

The regulation of the inflammatory response is essential to maintaining homeostasis. Several studies have investigated new drugs that may contribute to avoiding or minimizing excessive inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extracts of green algae Caulerpa mexicana on models inflammation. In mice, the inflammatory peritonitis model is induced by zymosan. Previous treatment of mice with aqueous and methanolic extracts of C. mexicana was able to suppress the cell migration to the peritoneal cavity, in a time-dependent but not in a dose-dependent manner. The treatment of mice with C. mexicana extracts also decreased the xylene-induced ear edema, exerting strong inhibitory leukocyte migration elicited by zymosan into the air pouch. We concluded that administration of the extracts resulted in a reduction of cell migration to different sites as well as a decrease in edema formation induced by chemical irritants. This study demonstrates for the first time the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous and methanolic extracts from the green marine algae Caulerpa mexicana.  相似文献   

Kinetics of phosphate absorption by Stylosanthes spp. in the presence of aluminium     

M. A. Machado  A. B. Rena  M. M. Estevao  R. Sant ‘Anna  L. S. Caldas 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(12):2777-2788

The mechanisms of action by which aluminium affects phosphate absorption were evaluated in Stylosanthes guianensis (aluminium‐sensitive) and Stylosanthes macrocephala (aluminium‐tolerant), through kinetic studies with aluminium in pre‐ and co‐treatment. Multiphasic and cooperative models of ions absorption were tested. In the absence of aluminium, S. guianensis, a specie which normaly requires more phosphorus, showed lower rates of phosphate absorption, which was attributed to slower turnover of the carrier. In S. guianensis, the higher rates of absorption may be related to higher turnover and/or higher concentration of the carrier in the roots. Both species showed negative correlation in the absorption of phosphate, but it was more pronounced in S. guianensis. The effect of aluminium seems to be related to the decreased capacity of the carrier to associate with the ion. There may also be a reduction in the turnover of the carrier, which appears to be more pronounced in the tolerant species, reducing phosphate absorption. In the presence of aluminium, the association becomes positive or approaches Michaelis‐Menten kinetics in both species. However, the absorption of phosphate is not increased since there is also a reduction in the capacity of the carrier to bind to the ion.  相似文献   

What is the value of eucalyptus monocultures for the biodiversity of the Atlantic forest? A multitaxa study in southern Bahia,Brazil     

Pedro Luís Bernardo da Rocha  Blandina Felipe Viana  Márcio Zikán Cardoso  Amada Mariana Costa de Melo  Misonete Gueidneli Cavalcanti Costa  Rodrigo Nogueira de Vasconcelos  Tatiana Bichara Dantas 《林业研究》2013,24(2):263-272

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Molecular methods (digital PCR and real‐time PCR) for the quantification of low copy DNA of Phytophthora nicotianae in environmental samples          下载免费PDF全文

Josefa Blaya  Eva Lloret  Ana B Santísima‐Trinidad  Margarita Ros  Jose A Pascual 《Pest management science》2016,72(4):747-753

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Effects of isopulegol on pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions in mice: Possible involvement of GABAergic system and antioxidant activity     

Maria Izabel Gomes Silva  Maria Anglica Gomes Silva  Manuel Rufino de Aquino Neto  Brinell Arcanjo Moura  Helenira Loureno de Sousa  Everton Paulo Homem de Lavor  Patrícia Freire de Vasconcelos  Danielle Silveira Macêdo  Damio Pergentino de Sousa  Silvnia Maria Mendes Vasconcelos  Francisca Cla Floreno de Sousa 《Fitoterapia》2009,80(8):506-513

The present study investigated the effects of isopulegol, a monoterpene alcohol, in PTZ-induced convulsions and verified possible involved mechanisms. Saline, isopulegol or diazepam were intraperitonealy injected 30 min before PTZ. The latency for development of convulsions and mortality, as well as the mortality protection percentage was recorded. For investigating the involvement of GABAergic system, flumazenil was utilized. The activity of antioxidant enzyme catalase as well as the levels of reduced glutathione and lipid peroxidation were measured in brain hippocampus. Similarly to diazepam, isopulegol significantly prolonged the latency for convulsions and mortality of mice. All animals were protected against mortality at higher dose of isopulegol. Flumazenil pretreatment decreased the prolongation of seizure latency induced by both diazepam and isopulegol, although it was not able to reverse the latency and protection percent for mortality. Isopulegol also significantly prevented PTZ-induced increase in lipid peroxidation, preserved catalase activity in normal levels, and prevented the PTZ-induced loss of GSH in hippocampus of mice. These results suggest that the anticonvulsant and bioprotective effects of isopulegol against PTZ-induced convulsions are possibly related to positive modulation of benzodiazepine-sensitive GABA_A receptors and to antioxidant properties.  相似文献   

Astaxanthin Delivery Systems for Skin Application: A Review     

Sarah Giovanna Montenegro Lima  Marjorie Caroline Liberato Cavalcanti Freire  Vernica da Silva Oliveira  Carlo Solisio  Attilio Converti  dley Antonini Neves de Lima 《Marine drugs》2021,19(9)

Astaxanthin (AST) is a biomolecule known for its powerful antioxidant effect, which is considered of great importance in biochemical research and has great potential for application in cosmetics, as well as food products that are beneficial to human health and medicines. Unfortunately, its poor solubility in water, chemical instability, and low oral bioavailability make its applications in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical field a major challenge for the development of new products. To favor the search for alternatives to enhance and make possible the use of AST in formulations, this article aimed to review the scientific data on its application in delivery systems. The search was made in databases without time restriction, using keywords such as astaxanthin, delivery systems, skin, cosmetic, topical, and dermal. All delivery systems found, such as liposomes, particulate systems, inclusion complexes, emulsions, and films, presented peculiar advantages able to enhance AST properties, among which are stability, antioxidant potential, biological activities, and drug release. This survey showed that further studies are needed for the industrial development of new AST-containing cosmetics and topical formulations.  相似文献   

Effects of tillage on winter wheat production in Mediterranean dryland fields     

M. I. Santín-Montanyá  A. P. Fernández-Getino  E. Zambrana  J. L. Tenorio 《Arid Land Research and Management》2017,31(3):269-282

The benefits of conservation agriculture (CA) and associated technologies are not equal for all agro ecosystems. This study used a field experiment to examine winter-wheat yield and weeds under conservational and conventional systems in the central region of Spain. The three tillage treatments were conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT) and no-tillage (NT). The climatic conditions influenced wheat yield, yield components, soil water content and weeds. When the autumn-winter rainfall was abundant and constant (69.7% of annual rainfall), wheat grain yield (4465?kg?ha^?1) and yield components (3897?kg?ha^?1 of straw biomass and 584.5 ear m^?2) were highest. Wheat grain yield was highest with NT: 3549.9?kg?ha^?1 (compared to MT: 2955.1?kg?ha^?1 and CT: 2950.3?kg?ha^?1) and ear number per m² was significantly lower with MT (332 no ear m^?2, compared to 426 and 411.6?ear?m^?2 in CT and NT-systems respectively). Soil water content, at earing stage, was the highest in NT (27.36% of soil moisture) while MT showed the lowest content (11.83% of soil moisture). The higher weed measurements (means of 2.557 plants m^?2; 1.443 species m^?2 and 2.536 g m^?2) was with higher annual rainfall (488?mm). Throughout the experiment it was the dominant presence, in MT-wheat plots, of Lolium rigidum Gaudin (with means from 4.87 to 7.71 plants m^?2), which reduced the ear number per m². Our study revealed that in the short term, under semi-arid conditions, only the adoption of NT system (rather than MT) showed economic benefits.  相似文献   

The use of therapeutic plasma exchange to reduce serum bilirubin in a dog with kernicterus          下载免费PDF全文

Tricia Tovar DVM  Sarah Deitschel DVM  DACVECC  Christine Guenther DVM  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2017,27(4):458-464

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Effect of meat cooking on physicochemical state and in vitro digestibility of myofibrillar proteins   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Santé-Lhoutellier V  Astruc T  Marinova P  Greve E  Gatellier P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(4):1488-1494

The effect of meat cooking was measured on myofibrillar proteins from bovine M. Rectus abdominis. The heating treatment involved two temperatures (100 degrees C during 5, 15, 30, and 45 min and 270 degrees C during 1 min). Protein oxidation induced by cooking was evaluated by the level of carbonyl and free thiol groups. Structural modifications of proteins were assessed by the measurement of their surface hydrophobicity and by their aggregation state. With the aim of evaluating the impact of heat treatment on the digestive process, myofibrillar proteins were then exposed to proteases of the digestive tract (pepsin, trypsin, and alpha-chymotrypsin) in conditions of pH and temperature that simulate stomach and duodenal digestion. Meat cooking affected myofibrillar protein susceptibility to proteases, with increased or decreased rates, depending on the nature of the protease and the time/temperature parameters. Results showed a direct and quantitative relationship between protein carbonylation (p<0.01) and aggregation (p<0.05) induced by cooking and proteolytic susceptibility to pepsin. However, no such correlations have been observed with trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin.  相似文献