Studies of cardiac pathomorphology in swine which died during transport     

U Johannsen 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1979,33(3):377-391

The following findings were obtained from pathomorphological examination of the myocardium of 100 pigs which had died on transport: Degenerative or necrobiotic changes of certain myocardial fibres were recorded from 73 per cent of all cases, usually in the form of granular degeneration (60 per cent). They were "scattered" in 33 per cent of all cases, "multiple" in 22 per cent, and "frequent" in five per cent. In 26 per cent, the myocardial fibres had undergone coarse granular or hyalin plaque-type decomposition, among them with "scattered" manifestation in 15 per cent, "multiple" in four per cent, "frequent" in five per cent, and "massive" in two per cent. Moderate focal resorptive myositis was recorded from eight per cent, while earlier myocardial scars were exhibited by four per cent. The figure for reactive inflammatory processes was twelve per cent. Prestatic hyperaemia of different degrees had taken place in 75 per cent of all animals, and it had been accompanied by varied congestion. The following results were obtained from comparative checks of 100 hearts of clinically intact pigs after slaughter under normal conditions: Granular degeneration was recorded only from 18 per cent of all cases, with actual manifestations "scattered" in 16 per cent and "multiple" in two per cent. Their myocardial fibres had undergone coarse granular or hyalin plaque-type decomposition of moderate intensity in three per cent only, all of them having been "scattered". Reactive inflammatory changes were not recorded at all and signs of prestatic hyperaemia only in 46 per cent. The degenerative-necrobiotic alterations of myocardial fibres which had been observed in the context of death on transport are interpreted as a result of hypoxaemic or hypoxic conditions accompanying acute shock-type circulatory failure in pigs.  相似文献   

Enzyme arrangement of various tissues in swine. 1. Studies of the effect of 32 hours of fasting, administration of actinomycin D, and fasting in combination with administration of actinomycin D on crude protein level, activities of GOT, GTP, fructose-1,6-diphoaphatase as well as ATPase of liver, kidneys and semitendinous muscle in newborn piglets]     

E Kolb  E Grün  C Schineff  U Schmidt 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1979,33(2):177-189

The effects of sufficient milk intake as well as of 32 hours of fasting after birth, administration of actinomycin D (intraperitoneal application of 1 mg/kg five weight), and fasting in combination with actinomycin D on the development of body and liver weights, crude protein levels in homogenate and supernatant of liver, kidneys, and M. semitendinosus as well as on the activities of certain tissue enzymes were analysed with four groups of piglets (n = 4). Fasting, administration of actinomycin, and fasting in combination with actinomycin D resulted in rapid reduction in body and liver weights, while the crude protein levels in those tissues were not affected with significance. GOT and fructose-1,6-diphosphatase activities in supernatant from liver tended to decline under fasting conditions. The ATPase activity in the homogenate of the above tissues did not change in response to differentiated treatment.  相似文献   

Sanitary measures in the prevention of poultry diseases]     

A U Khashimov  E Mukhamadiev 《Veterinariia》1979,(5):28-30

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Dictated by time]     

I U Mikheev 《Veterinariia》1979,(8):12-17

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Intussusception following renal transplantation in dogs (author's transl)]     

P R Olsen  F Boserup  A M Mikkelsen  U Rorbech 《Nordisk veterinaermedicin》1977,29(1):36-40

In a consecutive and non-selected study of 54 kidney transplanted dogs, 12 cases of intussusception of the small intestine developed in 8 dogs. The patogenesis is still unknown. It has been postulated that the time of the operation (4--7 hours) and the segmental termination of the post-operative atony in the intestine are essential factors in this fatal complication. The last 16 dogs in this material were peroperatively treated with antikolinergics (Mestinon NFN), which was continued until normal function of the intestine. In these dogs there were no evidence of intussusception. The value of this profylaxis is open to discussion and it is essential to solve the problem of intussusception through a "blind" and controlled trial.  相似文献   

‘Plantibodies’: a flexible approach to design resistance against pathogens     

A. Schots  J. De Boer  A. Schouten  J. Roosien  J. F. Zil Verentant  H. Pomp  L. Bouwman-Smits  H. Overmars  F. J. Gommers  B. Visser  W. J. Stiekema  J. Bakker 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(2):183-191

Engineering resistance against various diseases and pests is hampered by the lack of suitable genes. To overcome this problem we started a research program aimed at obtaining resistance by transfecting plants with genes encoding monoclonal antibodies against pathogen specific proteins. The idea is that monoclonal antibodies will inhibit the biological activity of molecules that are essential for the pathogenesis. Potato cyst nematodes are chosen as a model and it is thought that monoclonal antibodies are able to block the function of the saliva proteins of this parasite. These proteins are, among others, responsible for the induction of multinucleate transfer cells upon which the nematode feeds. It is well documented that the ability of antibodies to bind molecules is sufficient to inactivate the function of an antigen and in view of the potential of animals to synthesize antibodies to almost any molecular structure, this strategy should be feasible for a wide range of diseases and pests.Antibodies have several desirable features with regard to protein engineering. The antibody (IgG) is a Y-shaped molecule, in which the domains forming the tips of the arms bind to antigen and those forming the stem are responsible for triggering effector functions (Fc fragments) that eliminate the antigen from the animal. Domains carrying the antigen-binding loops (Fv and Fab fragments) can be used separately from the Fc fragments without loss of affinity. The antigen-binding domains can also be endowed with new properties by fusing them to toxins or enzymes. Antibody engineering is also facilitated by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A systematic comparison of the nucleotide sequence of more than 100 antibodies revealed that not only the 3′-ends, but also the 5′-ends of the antibody genes are relatively conserved. We were able to design a small set of primers with restriction sites for forced cloning, which allowed the amplification of genes encoding antibodies specific for the saliva proteins ofGlobodera rostochiensis. Complete heavy and light chain genes as well as single chain Fv fragments (scFv), in which the variable parts of the light (V_L) and heavy chain (V_H) are linked by a peptide, will be transferred to potato plants. A major challenge will be to establish a correct expression of the antibody genes with regard to three dimensional folding, assembly and intracellular location.  相似文献   

The biochemical basis of resistance of potato to soft rot bacteria     

G. D. Lyon  J. Heilbronn  R. S. Forrest  D. J. Johnston 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(2):127-133

Evidence is presented that a number of mechanisms are involved in the resistance of commercial cultivars of potato to soft rottingErwinia spp. These include phytoalexins, phenolics, cell wall modification, and possibly proteins. The role of elicitor-active oligogalacturonides, which are released from plant cell walls by pectic enzymes, is discussed.  相似文献   

New predators for biocontrol under glass     

R. J. Chambers  S. Long 《Phytoparasitica》1992,20(1):S57-S60

Several species ofOrius are under investigation in the UK, Europe and North America for the biological control of thrips, especially western flower thrips(Frankliniella occidentalis). The available species are briefly compared and findings on effectiveness and oviposition ofO. laevigatus are reported.  相似文献   

Interactions among herbivores,microbial insecticides and crop plants     

A. Navon 《Phytoparasitica》1992,20(1):S21-S24

Knowledge of the interactions among lepidopterous insects, microbial insecticides and plants is either lacking or incomplete. In some of the interactions, plant allelochemicals antagonized the insecticidal activity of the microbe by means of feeding reduction. In others, microbe activity was enhanced either by causing insect toxicity or by a potentiation of the crystal protein. Nutritional evaluations of the interactions amongHeliothis virescens. Bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein and tannin showed that microbe toxicity in the larva was antagonized by this phytochemical.  相似文献   

The use of the sugar beet in swine nutrition. 2. The effect of different preparation processes on the apparent prececal and fecal digestibility     

U Kesting  H J Block  G Bolduan 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1990,40(10):943-949

With ileum cannulated sows were tested the apparent precaecal and faecal digestibility of crude nutrients from raw and thermically treated fodder sugar beets of size "Rosamona". Two samples from two different harvest years, differing extremely in the content of disaccharides were tested. The crude nutrient digestibility affected stronger by content of sucrose then by treatment. Fodder sugar beets with contents of disaccharide lower then 400 g/kg DM showed low precaecal and faecal digestibilities. A longer cooling phase decreased the feed value of steamed beets through the microbial attack in the formation of precaecal indigestible sugar alcohols (mannitol).  相似文献