稻田稗属杂草致病菌的分离与鉴定          下载免费PDF全文

张亚鑫  肖婉  张峥  韦佳佳  强胜  陈世国 《中国生物防治学报》2021,37(6):1276-1287

稗草Echinochloa crus-galli作为稻田难以防除的恶性杂草,严重影响水稻产量。为发掘具有防治稻田稗草潜力的生防菌,本研究从江苏、广西、贵州三省采集感病稗草,采用组织分离法获得10株对稗草致病性较强的优势菌株。通过观察优势病原菌的形态特征,结合rDNA-ITS、GAPDH、EF-1α基因片段序列分析确定10株菌分别为新月弯孢Culvularia lunata、尖角突脐蠕孢Exserohilum monoceras、禾长蠕孢菌Setosphaeria rostrata、稻平脐蠕孢Bipolaris oryzae、梭形突脐蠕孢Exserohilum fusiforme、澳大利亚弯孢Curvularia australiensis、双色平脐蠕孢Bipolaris bicolor、高粱附球菌Epicoccum sorghinum、亚隔孢壳属Didymella americana和亚隔孢壳属Didymella pinodella。该研究丰富了稗草病原菌生物资源,为进一步开发稻田生物除草剂提供了新材料。  相似文献   

微型平板凝集抑制法检测伪结核棒状杆菌     

王璇  潘淑惠  万一元  万晴姣 《中国动物检疫》2008,25(1):36-36

将伪结核棒状杆菌用含犊牛血清的平板培养后,刮取菌落,用营养肉汤稀释,经56℃30分钟灭活制备抗原。然后用已知标准血清、高免血清、待检阳性血清及阴性血清对比进行微型平板菌体凝集抑制试验。结果:标准血清、高免血清与待检阳性血清均抑制了菌体的凝集,呈现无圆形沉淀点,或仅有分散的絮状颗粒,即阳性反应;阴性血清不能抑制菌体的凝集,均呈现明显圆形成团的沉淀点即阴性反应,未出现非特异性即假阳性反应。本试验操作简便,敏感特异适用于山羊伪结核棒状杆菌病的诊断。  相似文献   

The Influence Analysis of Failure Affected by Reducing the Consequences     

Wan Linqing  Li Qiang 《保鲜与加工》2013,(Z1):73-74

With the social progress, some modern method has been used in the industry. It can reduce the failure of pressure vessel. The method includes supervision, emergency cut-off and emergency relief etc. Each method is refined and quantized in the article. And it helps exact forecast for the failure.  相似文献   

Dynamic QTL analysis for activity of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde content in wheat seed during germination     

Peng Jiang  Zhongyuan Wan  Zhixin Wang  Sishen Li  Qingquan Sun 《Euphytica》2013,190(1):75-85

Antioxidant enzymes played an important role in seed germination. In this study, Quantitative trait locus (QTLs) for activity of antioxidant enzymes (AEAs) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in different time of seed germination were first identified, and antioxidant enzymes investigated included superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT). QTL analysis was conducted both in unconditional and conditional methods., which demonstrated the “static” and “dynamic” expression of QTLs controlling AEAs and MDA content during wheat germination, respectively. Twenty-two unconditional QTLs were detected on 1A, 1B, 1D, 2B, 2D, 3A, 4A, 6B, 7A, 7B, and the contributions ranged from 8 % of CAT3 to 28.46 % of MDA3. Fifteen conditional QTLs were detected on 1A, 1B, 1D, 2B, 2D, 4A, 5B, 6B, 7A, 7D, and the contributions ranged from 8.59 % of CAT5|3 to 30.18 % of MDA3|1.  相似文献   

Changes on Characteristic Components During Shoots Development in Camellia Sinensis     

Jing Zhang  Hua Yang  Chao-Ling Wei  Yu-Ling Tai  Qi Chen  Xiao-Chun Wan 《茶叶》2013,(4):234-239

Fresh leaves of tea cultivar Shuchazao were harvested from five different stages of shoot development including single-bud （SB）,one leaf and one bud （BL1）,two leaves and one bud （BL2）,three leaves and one bud （BL3） and mature leaves （ML,including five leaves）.The contents of tea-specific components,including caffeine,catechins and amino acids,in tea leaves were extracted and analyzed using the HPLC technique.The results showed that the content of caffeine in the buds in BL3 stage was generally the highest,while it did not change much in SB,BL1 and BL2 stages.The content of caffeine in the leaves at the same leaf-age was similar in five different development stages.The total contents of catechins in the first leaf were higher than that in the buds in all five development stages,and it was the highest in the first leaf at BL1 stage,but it decreased with the increase of the leaf-age.As far as the monomeric catechins were concerned,non-ester type catechins and ester type catechins can be detected in the buds or leaves in the five development stages.The majority of catechins were epigallocatechingallate （EGCG）,which showed a similar variation tendency as that of total catechins.However,the contents of non-ester type catechins such as epicatechingallate （EGC）,epicatechin （EC） and gallocatechin （GC） were higher in buds than in leaves,which were opposite to the content variation trends of ester type catechins in the course of shoot development.Theanine was the major amino acids in all development stages of tender shoots,and its content in the stage of single-bud was the highest.The content of theanine in buds was three or four times higher than in leaves,and the older the leaf-age was,the less theanine existed in the leaves.  相似文献   

荞麦蜂花粉多糖对肉仔鸡免疫功能、血脂及抗氧化能力的影响     

万顺康  张翠香  林春榕  左绍远  钱金栿 《饲料工业》2013,(18)

试验旨在观察日粮中添加荞麦蜂花粉多糖对肉仔鸡免疫功能、血脂及抗氧化能力的影响。将200羽1日龄AA肉仔鸡随机分为空白对照组、试验1、2、3组,每组5个重复,每个重复10羽。其中对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别在基础日粮中添加500.0、1000.0、1500.0 mg/kg的荞麦蜂花粉多糖。饲养试验期为42 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验1、2、3组可显著提高肉仔鸡脾脏指数、胸腺指数与血清IgG含量,能显著升高血清SOD与GSH-Px活性,降低MDA含量（P<0.05）。另外,试验2、3组还可显著提高法氏囊指数与血清IgA、IgM含量,并明显降低血清胆固醇含量（P<0.05）。但各试验组对肉仔鸡生长性能、甘油三酯含量无明显影响（P>0.05）。试验结果表明,基础日粮中添加荞麦蜂花粉多糖,可明显促进肉仔鸡免疫功能,降低血清胆固醇,并明显提高肉仔鸡抗氧化能力。提示荞麦蜂花粉多糖可能是一种较好的纯天然肉仔鸡免疫增强剂与抗氧化剂。  相似文献   

大豆磷脂产品生产工艺及产品现状分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

聂留俊  王晓晓  万乃宝  张伟  孙作为 《饲料工业》2013,(20)

文章综述了大豆浓缩磷脂的生产工艺及大豆粉末磷脂、磷脂酰胆碱、羟基化磷脂的研究现状,从而为大豆磷脂产品的生产工艺创新和进一步研究提供依据。  相似文献   

大型筒件内环面车削用刀具的设计及评价分析     

张吉军  田乃浩  林南南  万霖  贾昕宇  周椿翔  段宝成 《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》2013,(5):13-16

针对大型不锈钢筒件内环面的车削加工条件要求,设计了相匹配的硬质合金可转位车刀结构;基于有限元仿真分析平台,对刀具三维总体结构进行了稳态变形和应力分析,为评价刀具静态强度提供理论依据;通过对刀具进行动力学模态分析,获得刀具装配体的固有频率和模态振型,为评价刀具体的动态特性,尤其是共振特征,提供了依据;通过静动态分析,理论评估刀具设计的合理性。  相似文献   

PEG胁迫对光皮桦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响     

丁强强  刘敏  万志兵 《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》2013,(6):13-16

为了研究光皮桦种子在干旱条件下的萌发及生长状况,采用不同浓度的PEG-6000（聚乙二醇）模拟干旱,研究不同干旱胁迫强度对光皮桦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、抗旱指数均在5％浓度处理时最高;在5％浓度处理下幼苗的上胚轴最长,下胚轴长度在没有PEG胁迫下最长。这说明了较低浓度的PEG对光皮桦种子的萌发有明显的促进作用,同时能够对其幼苗上胚轴的生长有促进作用。  相似文献   

A review of oxalate poisoning in domestic animals: tolerance and performance aspects     

M. M. Rahman  R. B. Abdullah  W. E. Wan Khadijah 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2013,97(4):605-614

Published data on oxalate poisoning in domestic animals are reviewed, with a focus on tolerance and performance. Oxalic acid is one of a number of anti‐nutrients found in forage. It can bind with dietary calcium (Ca) or magnesium (Mg) to form insoluble Ca or Mg oxalate, which then may lead to low serum Ca or Mg levels as well as to renal failure because of precipitation of these salts in the kidneys. Dietary oxalate plays an important role in the formation of Ca oxalate, and a high dietary intake of Ca may decrease oxalate absorption and its subsequent urinary excretion. Oxalate‐rich plants can be supplemented with other plants as forage for domestic animals, which may help to reduce the overall intake of oxalate‐rich plants. Non‐ruminants appear to be more sensitive to oxalate than ruminants because in the latter, rumen bacteria help to degrade oxalate. If ruminants are slowly exposed to a diet high in oxalate, the population of oxalate‐degrading bacteria in the rumen increases sufficiently to prevent oxalate poisoning. However, if large quantities of oxalate‐rich plants are eaten, the rumen is overwhelmed and unable to metabolize the oxalate and oxalate‐poisoning results. Based on published data, we consider that <2.0% soluble oxalate would be an appropriate level to avoid oxalate poisoning in ruminants, although blood Ca level may decrease. In the case of non‐ruminants, <0.5% soluble oxalate may be acceptable. However, these proposed safe levels of soluble oxalate should be regarded as preliminary. Further studies, especially long‐term studies, are needed to validate and improve the recommended safe levels in animals. This review will encourage further research on the relationships between dietary oxalate, other dietary factors and renal failure in domestic animals.  相似文献