Effects of exogenous application of proline and betaine on the growth of tobacco cultured cells under saline conditions     

Eiji Okuma  Yuki Murakami  Yasuaki Shimoishi  Mikiro Tada 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(8):1301-1305

The effects of the application of exogenous proline and betaine on the growth of tobacco cultured cells subjected to salt stress were investigated. Both proline and betaine mitigated the inhibition of growth of tobacco cells under saline conditions, but the harmful effect of salinity was less reduced by betaine than by proline. The amount of intracellular betaine in tobacco cells cultured in the NaCI medium supplemented with 20 mm betaine was larger than that of intracellular proline in the NaCI medium with 20 mm proline. The 1,1-diphenyl2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) experiments showed that proline displayed an antioxidant activity and that the antioxidant activity of betaine was not detectable. The malondialdehyde (MDA) assay demonstrated that exogenous proline but not betaine decreased the amount of MDA in salt-stressed tobacco cells. These results suggest that the difference in the mitigation effects between proline and betaine may be responsible for the difference in the antioxidant activity.  相似文献   

Phytophthora blight of southern star (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oxypetalum caeruleum</Emphasis>) caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phytophthora palmivora</Emphasis> in Japan     

Rie Gappa-Adachi  Kazutaka Yano  Shigeharu Takeuchi  Yasuaki Morita  Seiji Uematsu 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2012,78(1):39-42

In 2004, a damping-off symptom was found on southern star, Oxypetalum caeruleum, in Kochi Prefecture, Japan. Two Phytophthora strains with different colony patterns on potato dextrose agar were isolated, and their pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculation of southern star plants and their reisolation from symptomatic plants. Both fungi were identified as Phytophthora palmivora based on morphology, physiology, and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacers of nuclear ribosomal DNA. This is the first report of Phytophthora blight of southern star in the world.  相似文献   

Difference in Amounts and Composition of Dew from Different Types of Dew Collectors     

Takenaka  Norimichi  Soda  Hiroyuki  Sato  Keiichi  Terada  Hidetoshi  Suzue  Takahiko  Bandow  Hiroshi  Maeda  Yasuaki 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2003,147(1-4):51-60

Dew was collected using several kinds of collectors at the same time, and the composition was compared. The volumes per unit surface areas of dew formed were different based on the types of collectors. It is found that the amounts of the ions, which in part come from gaseous substances, such as organic acids, nitrous acid, etc., per unit area in dew increase with dew volume per unit surface area. On the other hand, chloride, nitrate, sodium, potassium and magnesium which come from only particles showed no variation with the dew volume per unit surface area. These results suggest that the composition of dew varied by the dew volume per unit surface area formed in the different collectors. Dew is usually collected on a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sheet. The above result suggests that the dew concentration on the PTFE sheet does not represent the real dew concentration on various materials, such as leaves, cars, roofs, road, etc. To determine the real concentration of dew on a material, the material itself has to be usedas a collector. The PTFE sheet could be used as a standard dew sampler forcomparison of dew formed at various places.  相似文献   

Spontaneous granulocytic leukemia in a NOD/Shi-scid IL-2Rγnull mouse     

Hirotoshi Akane  Sumiko Okuda  Yasuaki Oishi  Atsuko Ichikawa  Hajime Tabata 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2021,34(3):241

Here, we report a case of spontaneous granulocytic leukemia in a 51-week-old male NOD/Shi-scid IL-2Rγ^null (NOG) mouse. The mouse showed progressive anemia and rough respiratory movement. Macroscopically, the spleen was discolored and enlarged. Histologically, the bone marrow of the sternum and femur was highly cellular and almost exclusively filled with neoplastic cells. The nuclei of neoplastic cells were large, oval to slightly irregular in shape, and a small number of cells had kidney- or ring-shaped nuclei. Neoplastic cells extensively infiltrated the organs, and the spleen and liver were prominently involved. Immunohistochemically, a large population of neoplastic cells in the red pulp of the spleen and sinusoid of the liver was positive for myeloperoxidase. Based on the histological features, this case was diagnosed with granulocytic leukemia. This novel information on spontaneous tumors may be helpful for the appropriate use of this mouse strain in further research.  相似文献   

Seasonal Deposition Fluxes of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Lake Biwa,Japan     

Tamamura  Shuji  Sato  Tsutomu  Ota  Yukie  Aota  Yasuaki  Kashiwaya  Kenji  Kumagai  Michio 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2009,196(1-4):297-309

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution - The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn in the different parts of six bivalves species were determined. From the study conducted, it was found that the...  相似文献   

Development of a method of diagnosing ovarian disorders in sows and gilts using uterine ultrasonography     

Toriumi H  Tsumagari S  Kuwahara Y  Ichikawa Y  Takeishi M  Sakai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(2):243-247

In ultrasonographic diagnosis of ovarian disorders and the estrous cycle in sows, transverse observation of the uterus yielded more characteristic findings than observation of sagittal sections. Transverse ultrasonography revealed that the low progesterone (P) type uterus showed a round structure, while the high P type uterus showed a flattened structure. These results corresponded well with rectal palpation findings: the low P type uterus had a hard, pipe-like structure and the high P type a soft, balloon-like structure. For gilts, we employed a minimum convex type transrectal prostate probe that had an approximately 18 cm insertion handle. The images of the uterus obtained thereby were a similar to those obtained from sows. The above results suggest that it should be possible to diagnose and treat many ovarian disorders in sows and gilts based only on the ultrasonograhic findings. In short, ultrasonograhic findings of a round structure of the uterine wall might be an indication for PMSG (pregnant mare serum gonadotropin) treatment, while findings of a flattened structure might be an indication for PGF(2) (alpha) administration.  相似文献   

Characterization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Paprika mild mottle virus</Emphasis> first isolated in Japan     

Hiroyuki Hamada  Shigeharu Takeuchi  Yasuaki Morita  Hiromasa Sawada  Akinori Kiba  Yasufumi Hikichi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(3):199-204

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Detection of a major QTL related to smut disease resistance inherited from a Japanese wild sugarcane using GRAS-Di technology     

Makoto Umeda  Takeo Sakaigaichi  Minoru Tanaka  Yusuke Tarumoto  Katsuki Adachi  Taiichiro Hattori  Michiko Hayano  Hiroyuki Takahashi  Yasuaki Tamura  Tatsuro Kimura  Masaaki Mori 《Breeding Science》2021,71(3):365

Smut disease of sugarcane causes considerable yield losses and the use of resistant varieties is the best control practice. Our group identified a Japanese wild sugarcane with highly smut disease resistance named ‘Iriomote8’. In this study, we conducted QTL analysis for smut disease resistance using a mapping population derived from a resistant variety ‘Yaenoushie’, in which resistance is inherited from ‘Iriomote8’. We identified 4813 non-redundant markers using GRAS-Di technology and developed a linkage map of mapping parents. We evaluated smut disease resistance of the mapping population by the inoculation test. Consequently, a large number of clones did not show the disease symptoms and the distribution of smut disease incidence tended to be “L shaped”. Composite interval mapping detected an identical QTL for indices of smut disease incidence with a markedly high LOD score (26.6~45.6) at the end of linkage group 8 of ‘Yaenoushie’. This QTL explained approximately 50% of the cases of smut disease incidence. In the mapping population, there were no correlations between the indices of smut disease incidence and other agronomic traits. In conclusion, this QTL could be used for marker-assisted selection to significantly improve smut disease resistance without negative effects on other agronomic traits.  相似文献   

Bacterial soft rot of myoga (Zingiber mioga) caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi     

Rie Gappa-Adachi  Yasuaki Morita 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2013,79(4):270-276

In 2010, a bacterial soft rot was found on myoga [Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Rosc.] in Japan. Initial small spots on flower buds rapidly enlarged while changing from light brown to brown. Diseased flower buds became completely rotten. Several bacteria isolated from the diseased tissues caused the same symptoms as those observed in the fields and were reisolated from the tissue. These bacteria were identified as Erwinia chrysanthemi and were classified into subdivision IV and biovar 3. This is the first report of bacterial soft rot of myoga in the world.  相似文献   

Detection of telomere length and oxidative stress in Chondrichthyes     

Hori  Misaki  Kimura  Satoko S.  Mizutani  Yuichi  Miyagawa  Yoshimi  Ito  Konomi  Arai  Nobuaki  Niizuma  Yasuaki 《Fisheries Science》2022,88(6):741-750

Telomeres, repeating TTAGGG sequences at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, increase genomic stability. Telomere shortening occurs not only during DNA replication associated with cell division but also under oxidative stress, where reactive oxygen species damage DNA. Therefore, changes in telomere length can be used to evaluate chronic cost or stress responses incurred by individuals. The phylogenetically unique Chondrichthyes are among the least-studied groups of marine vertebrates. Telomere data are limited and have only been reported in a few Chondrichthyes species. In this study, we measured telomere length and quantified oxidative stress and antioxidant power in 17 Chondrichthyes species whose telomere length has not been measured before. The presence of telomere sequences?>?30 bp and lower values of oxidative stress were confirmed in most species. Average telomere length was not correlated with oxidative stress and antioxidant power in 15 species for which both measurements were available. It would be desirable in the future to elucidate the nature of telomeres in Chondrichthyes, and their direct relationship with reactive oxygen species.

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