Isophorone‐induced light‐independent lipid peroxidation and loss of cell membrane integrity     

Masataka Izumi  Yukari Sunohara  Takuya Yamaguchi  Yoshiharu Fujii  Hiroshi Matsumoto 《Weed Biology and Management》2021,21(1):11-18

Isophorone (3,5,5‐trimethylcyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐one) is a plant‐derived volatile compound with strong phytotoxic activity. Here, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism of action of isophorone, and to this end, the effects of isophorone on shoot fresh weight, chlorophyll content, electrolyte leakage, and lipid peroxidation of Lactuca sativa L. and photosynthetic electron transport activity in chloroplast isolated from Spinacia oleracea L. were investigated. Isophorone induced light‐independent decreases in shoot fresh weight and light‐dependent chlorosis. In addition, increased electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation occurred under light conditions. However, the inhibitory activity on photosynthetic electron transport was unexpectedly low, and electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation were induced even under dark conditions. These results suggest that the inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport is not the main mechanism of action of isophorone and that the phytotoxic effects are mainly due to light‐independent oxidative damage and subsequent loss of cell membrane integrity.  相似文献   

Transcriptomic profiling of major carbon and amino acid metabolism in the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana treated with various rhizotoxic ions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cheng-Ri ZHAO  Yoshiharu SAWAKI  Nozomu SAKURAI  Daisuke SHIBATA  Hiroyuki KOYAMA 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2010,56(1):150-162

  相似文献   

Changes in Chemical Structure and Biological Activity of L-DOPA as Influenced by an Andosol and Its Components     

Syuntaro Hiradate  Akihiro Furubayashi  Yoshiharu Fujii 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2005,51(4):477-484

Velvetbean ( Mucuna pruriens ) has been reported to release 3-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-DOPA) as an allelochemical that inhibits the growth of other plants, although the inhibitory activity depends on the soil type and it is extremely reduced in Andosols. To clarify the effects of Andosols and their components on the chemical structure and plant-growth-inhibitory activity of L-DOPA, an L-DOPA solution was reacted with an Andosol and its components (weathered pumice and purified allophane), and the resultant solution was subjected to ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance and ultraviolet-visible spectral analyses, and plant-growth-inhibitory activity tests. When the L-DOPA solution was added to the soil components, the concentration of L-DOPA in the solution decreased by adsorption and transformation (polymerization) reactions. The adsorption mechanism included a ligand exchange reaction. The rate of L-DOPA transformation was faster at higher pH values. The soil components displayed a catalytic activity and accelerated the transformation of L-DOPA. Similar transformation occurred when light was irradiated. At pH values higher than 4.0, the transformed products from L-DOPA consisted of humic substances-like heterogeneous components, whereas specific components with low molecular weight were included when L-DOPA was transformed at a pH value of 9.7 or higher. The plant-growth-inhibitory activity of L-DOPA was extremely weakened when L-DOPA was adsorbed on or transformed (polymerized) by soil components. Therefore, in soils with high abilities of adsorption and transformation of L-DOPA such as in Andosols, it was likely that the L-DOPA concentration in the soil solution decreased quickly by adsorption and transformation reactions and the allelopathic activity of L-DOPA was lost.  相似文献   

Effect of inoculation with a strain of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes isolated from the endorhizosphere of Salicornia europea on salt tolerance of the glasswort     

Takashi OZAWA  Jianmei WU  Shuhei FUJII 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2007,53(1):12-16

  相似文献   

Influence of steam-treated grass clippings on grass growth, drainage water quality and soil microbial properties in a simulated golf course     

Silvio Yoshiharu USHIWATA  Hiromi SASA  Kazuyuki INUBUSHI 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2007,53(4):489-498

  相似文献   

Influence of Plant Residues after Steam-Treatment with High Temperature and Pressure on Soil Microbial Biomass C and N, Water-Soluble C and N, and pH   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Silvio Yoshiharu Ushiwata  Kazuyuki Inubushi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2005,51(5):775-777

Steam-treated grass trimmings (GrT), and wooden chips of pine (PnT) and walnut branches (WnT) or non-treated grass trimmings (GrNoT) and wooden chips of pine (PnNoT) and walnut branches (WnNoT) were mixed with soil (S) and then incubated for 10 weeks to measure microbial biomass C (MBC) and N (MBN), water-soluble C (WSC) and N (WSN), and soil pH. The results showed that there were a larger amount of MBC and WSC in steam-treated samples, principally in early period. It was probably due to the steam-treatment facilitating solubilization of organic C that served with substrate for microbial biomass. In grass trimming, the MBN and WSN had differences between treated and non-treated. No such differences in wooden chips was probably because the low total N content in these plants. The higher value of WSN showed in S+GnNoT showed more potential of nitrate pollution. The steam-treatment did not influence on soil pH after 1 week of incubation.  相似文献   

Enrichment of yeast thioredoxin by green tea extract through activation of Yap1 transcription factor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae     

Takatsume Y  Maeta K  Izawa S  Inoue Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(2):332-337

  相似文献   

Example of an adenocarcinoma developed in the gastric lymph nodes of a harbor seal Phoca largha     

Yoshiharu Honma  Tatsuo Ushiki  Jiro Hitomi and  Masaei Takeda 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(3):470-473

SUMMARY: Adenocarcinomatous growths comprising glandular cavities surrounded by cuboidal to low columnar cells and a large amount of mucus produced by the mucous cells, were observed in the the gastric lymph nodes of a harbor seal Phoca largha. The seal was stranded on the coast of Toyama Bay, Sea of Japan, on 2 March, 1998. Necroscopic examination also showed the animal had significant signet ring cell carcinoma in the stomach, as has been reported elsewhere. The adenocarcinoma may have developed from metastatic cells arising in the gastric carcinoma.  相似文献   

Suppression of aging in mice by the hormone Klotho     

Kurosu H  Yamamoto M  Clark JD  Pastor JV  Nandi A  Gurnani P  McGuinness OP  Chikuda H  Yamaguchi M  Kawaguchi H  Shimomura I  Takayama Y  Herz J  Kahn CR  Rosenblatt KP  Kuro-o M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5742):1829-1833

A defect in Klotho gene expression in mice accelerates the degeneration of multiple age-sensitive traits. Here, we show that overexpression of Klotho in mice extends life span. Klotho protein functions as a circulating hormone that binds to a cell-surface receptor and represses intracellular signals of insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for extending life span. Alleviation of aging-like phenotypes in Klotho-deficient mice was observed by perturbing insulin and IGF1 signaling, suggesting that Klotho-mediated inhibition of insulin and IGF1 signaling contributes to its anti-aging properties. Klotho protein may function as an anti-aging hormone in mammals.  相似文献   

Cytologic variants of γδ T cell lymphoma in cattle     

Ito M  Kubo M  Takayama H  Ishikawa Y  Kadota K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(3):399-402

Two cytologic variants of γδ T cell lymphoma are described. Case 1 represented a giant cell variant found in a 5-year-old Holstein cow, which had large tumor masses in the pelvic cavity. This variant consisted of very large lymphoid cells with round to oval nuclei, medium-sized nucleoli and abundant cytoplasm. Case 2 was an aborted 7-month-old female Holstein fetus, which represented an immature cell variant. Most of the neoplastic lesions were located in the skin and pleural and peritoneal submesothelial tissues. The neoplastic tissues were composed of homogeneous growth of lymphoma cells characterized by inconspicuous nucleoli and finely dispersed chromatin. Both cases demonstrated CD3, CD8 and WC1 immunoreactivity. The current study revealed that there are 4 cytologic variants (common, giant cell, hypergranular and immature cell) in bovine γδ T cell lymphomas.  相似文献