Observations on newborn calves rendered unconscious with a captive bolt gun     

Svendsen O  Jensen SK  Karlsen LV  Svalastoga E  Jensen HE 《The Veterinary record》2008,162(3):90-92

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Standardized gene nomenclature for the Brassica genus     

Lars Østergaard  Graham J King 《Plant methods》2008,4(1):1-4

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Hepatic oxidative stress in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) transferred from a diet based on marine feed ingredients to a diet based on plant ingredients     

P.A. OLSVIK  B.E. TORSTENSEN  G.‐I. HEMRE  M. SANDEN  R. WAAGBØ 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2011,17(2):e424-e436

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Examining horizontal and vertical social ties to achieve social–ecological fit in an emerging marine reserve network          下载免费PDF全文

Steven M. Alexander  Derek Armitage  Peter J. Carrington  Örjan Bodin 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2017,27(6):1209-1223

Effect of cultivated copepods (Acartia tonsa) in first‐feeding of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) larvae          下载免费PDF全文

G. Øie  T. Galloway  M. Sørøy  M. Holmvaag Hansen  I.A. Norheim  C.K. Halseth  M. Almli  M. Berg  M.R. Gagnat  P.‐A. Wold  K. Attramadal  A. Hagemann  J.O. Evjemo  E. Kjørsvik 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2017,23(1):3-17

The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional composition and effects of short periods with cultivated copepod nauplii versus rotifers in first‐feeding. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) larvae were given four different dietary regimes in the earliest start‐feeding period. One group was fed the copepod Acartia tonsa nauplii (Cop), a second fed enriched rotifers (RotMG), a third fed unenriched rotifers (RotChl) and a fourth copepods for the seven first days of feeding and enriched rotifers the rest of the period (Cop7). Cod larvae were fed Artemia sp. between 20 and 40 dph (days posthatching), and ballan wrasse between 36 and 40 dph, with weaning to a formulated diet thereafter. In addition to assessing growth and survival, response to handling stress was measured. This study showed that even short periods of feeding with cultivated copepod nauplii (7 days) had positive long‐term effects on the growth and viability of the fish larvae. At the end of both studies (60 days posthatching), fish larvae fed copepods showed higher survival, better growth and viability than larvae fed rotifers. This underlines the importance of early larval nutrition.  相似文献   

Temperature and food‐level effects on reproductive investment and egg mass in vendace,Coregonus albula     

F. GREGERSEN  L. A. VØLLESTAD  K. ØSTBYE  P. AASS  O. HEGGE 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2011,18(4):263-269

Abstract Individual variation in reproductive investment is important for recruitment and population dynamics in fish populations. Thus, it is crucial to understand how these decisions are influenced by environmental conditions. Here, the influence of growth variation during gonadogenesis or early life on reproductive investment in vendace, Coregonus albula (L.) was investigated. A set of cohorts of mature females were sampled over two different years with contrasting climate conditions and food levels, using total length at age 1 year as a proxy for juvenile growth. Relative reproductive investment and individual egg mass were lower in the favourable year (elevated temperatures and zooplankton densities) when the females were in better condition compared with a less favourable year (lower temperatures and zooplankton densities). Female vendace demonstrated plasticity in their allocation to relative reproductive investment and egg mass, probably induced by diverging environmental conditions. This phenotypic response to growth may have strong effects on recruitment and population growth rate.  相似文献   

Inactivation of Piscine orthoreovirus     

Øystein Wessel  Elisabeth F. Hansen  Marie Løvoll  Makoto Inami  Asbjørn Husby  Gesa Kruse  Maria K. Dahle  Espen Rimstad 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(9):1039-1048

Piscine orthoreovirus infects various salmonid fish species, and the infection is associated with diseases such as heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). There are no vaccines available or genetically selected resistant hosts that can efficiently control piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) infection. Currently, the only prophylactic measure against PRV is general biosecurity measures aiming to break the transmission cycle. Methods to eradicate infectious virus from contaminated facilities are desirable, but the knowledge on how to inactivate PRV is lacking. A major bottleneck for inactivation studies is the lack of ability to propagate PRV in cell culture. Therefore, in this study we developed an in vivo model for detection of infectious PRV particles after treatment of the virus with inactivation tools such as heat, pH, iodine, UV and commercially available disinfectants. The results show that standard iodine treatment is efficient in inactivation of the virus, and similarly are high and low pH extremes and treatment with Virocid, a commercially available disinfectant. A UV dose of at least 50 mJ/cm² is required for inactivation, and the virus has high resistance against heat treatment.  相似文献   

Effects of light and short-term temperature elevation on the 48-h hatching success of cold-stored Acartia tonsa Dana eggs     

Andreas Hagemann  Gunvor Øie  Jan Ove Evjemo  Yngvar Olsen 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(1):57-68

The effects of light and short-term temperature elevation on the 48-h egg hatching success (HS) of cold-stored (2 °C) Acartia tonsa Dana (Copepoda: Calanoida) eggs were examined in the present study. The eggs can be stored for up to 7.5 months and maintain their high hatching rate under optimal conditions. Intensively produced eggs from the copepod A. tonsa may be hatched and used as an inoculum for producing copepod nauplii as live feed for fish larvae. The HS for eggs that were directly exposed to LED light declined rapidly after 1 month of storage (from 91 to 25 %), and these eggs did not hatch at all after 3 months of storage. The highest HS found was for eggs stored in complete darkness. The HS for eggs stored in normoxic (≥7 mg DO L^?1) and anoxic (≤0.03 mg DO L^?1) seawater was not affected by short-term temperature transitions from 2 °C up to 9 or 17 °C for a period of 12 or 24 h, when hatched 1 week post-exposure. The global mean HS for eggs stored in normoxic seawater was 85.9 % and significantly lower compared to eggs stored under anoxic conditions after 3 weeks of storage (91.8 %) (P = 0.001; SNK).  相似文献   

Can plot edge bias be reduced by means of airborne laser scanning?     

Rune Østergaard Pedersen 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2016,31(2):206-221

This paper presents new methods for plot edge bias (PEB) correction of individual tree competition indices (CIs) using airborne laser scanning (ALS) as auxiliary information in multivariate ratio and multivariate regression models. I applied the methods to 557 plots from the Norwegian National Forest Inventory located in Hedmark County in South East Norway and compared them to the benchmarks methods linear expansion and simulated annealing by studying the individual tree growth predictions before and after PEB correction. Generally, the simulated annealing method seemed to improve growth prediction most and overall the existing methods performed better than those based on ALS. All PEB-correction methods tested gave minor changes in growth predictions and the absolute change in percent in adj. R² and Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) was numerically small, with an average percentage change for the tested CIs between 1.8 for adj. R² and 0.6 for AIC of the observed values in the original data. The small differences in the results between the original data and the PEB-corrected data show that on average PEB remains a minor problem for individual tree growth prediction. Whether the results are valid for forests with significantly different spatial composition than that of this database remains to be confirmed.  相似文献   

Invasion potential of Agrilus planipennis and other Agrilus beetles in Europe: import pathways of deciduous wood chips and MaxEnt analyses of potential distribution areas          下载免费PDF全文

D. Flø  P. Krokene  B. Økland 《EPPO Bulletin》2015,45(2):259-268

Bark‐ and wood‐boring beetles in the genus Agrilus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) can survive wood‐chipping, and Agrilus planipennis has established in North America and European Russia with devastating impacts on forest ecosystems. The work presented in this paper combined import statistics of deciduous wood chips, Maximum entropy modelling (MaxEnt) of climatic similarities, and the distribution of potential tree hosts to predict the likelihood of four selected North American Agrilus species to become introduced and established in Europe. In agreement with the EU's energy‐policy target of increased use of wood chips, there was a linear or exponential increase in European imports of deciduous wood chips during the past 10 years from countries harbouring potentially harmful Agrilus species. MaxEnt showed high environmental suitability in Europe for the four selected Agrilus species, particularly in Eastern Europe and European Russia for A. anxius, A. bilineatus and A. planipennis and in southern Europe for A. politus. Documented susceptible host trees are widely distributed in the predicted areas of Agrilus distribution in Europe, and these areas receive large quantities of deciduous wood chips from countries where these and other Agrilus species are present. Thus, it was concluded that the fundamental conditions for introduction and establishment of Agrilus species in Europe are in place.  相似文献