The hymenopterous parasites of Nitidulidae     

Roger N. Williams  Michael J. Weiss  M. Kehat  D. Blumberg 《Phytoparasitica》1984,12(1):53-64

The known information on hymenopterous parasites of Nitidulidae was consolidated in this article. Species of parasites, nitidulid hosts and, where possible, plant host of the nitidulids are provided along with citations to sources of information. Thirty-three species of hymenopterous parasites are recorded in nine different families. Since nomenclature of several of the parasites has changed, it was updated with the assistance of specialists.  相似文献   

Detection of beet yellows virus in sugarbeet plants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)     

P. H. M. Roseboom  D. Peters 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1984,90(4):133-141

Beet yellows virus can be detected in leaf extracts of infected sugarbeet plants by ELISA. The use of discs was studied and proved to be a valuable and qualitatively reliable method. Leaf material could be stored at 4^o or 22°C for at least six days without affecting the detection of this virus by ELISA. A dramatic decrease in ELISA values was found when leaf extracts were frozen.In an analysis of the distribution of virus over the plant it was found that young leaves present at the moment of infection and those which had still to develop after infection will contain virus. Symptoms produced by systemic virus invasion occur on the oldest leaves containing virus.Samenvatting Het bietevergelingsvirus kan op betrouwbare wijze met de ELISA methode in geïnfecteerde bieteplanten worden aangetoond. Een aanzienlijke vereenvoudiging van de procedure kan worden bereikt met de zogenaamde disc-method, waarbij intacte ponsstukjes in de putjes van de ELISA-plaat worden geïncubeerd. Hierbij komt voldoende virus uit de ponsstukjes voor ELISA vrij. Bladmateriaal kon op verschillende wijzen bewaard worden zonder dat de mogelijkheid om het virus aan te tonen achteruitging. Met bladextracten die ingevroren waren, werden echter slechte resultaten verkregen.In een analyse naar de verdeling van het virus over het loof bleek het virus voor te komen in de geïnoculeerde bladeren, in die bladeren die op het tijdstip van inoculatie minder dan de helft van hun uiteindelijke lengte bereikt hadden en in de bladeren die nog moesten verschijnen. De symptomen ontwikkelden zich op de oudste systemisch geïnfecteerde bladeren.  相似文献   

Ollulanus tricuspis in domestic cats - prevalence and methods of post-mortem diagnosis     

Guy PA 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1984,32(6):81-84

Ollulanus tricuspus is a parasite of the stomach of domestic cats and other animals, with a worldwide distribution. It can sometimes cause severe gastritis. Fifty-five cat stomachs were examined for O.tricuspis using three techniques. O.tricuspis was found in seven stomachs (13%) from adult cats; the number of parasites recovered from individual cats ranged from 9 to 119 (mean 54). The prevalence was higher than that previously recorded in New Zealand. Repeated dilution and sedimentation of the stomach contents and mucosal washings was found to be the most reliable detection method, being positive in all of the detected infections. Pepsin/HCI digestion of the stomach mucosa detected only 71% and punch sampling of the mucosa only 29% of these infections. This contrasts with an overseas study indicating that, in heavily infected cats, these techniques are similar in sensitivity. No macroscopic lesions were seen in the stomachs of infected cats.  相似文献   

Hypocalcaemia associated with high dose rates of zinc oxide to lactating dairy cows     

Smith BL  Collier AJ  Lawrence RJ  Towers NR 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1984,32(4):48-50

Clinical hypocalcaemia was associated with single doses of three oi more days; supply of zinc oxide to dairy cows for facial eczema control. Experimental hand dosing of a single dose of zinc oxide (40 and 120 mg Zn/kg b wt) to Jersey cows caused a significant drop in serum calcium concentration at 24 h followed by a rise to concentrations higher than controls at subsequent samplings over four days. At the highest zinc dose rate, 78% of serum calcium values were equal to or lower than the lowest control value at 24 h post dosing. Serum magnesium concentrations had a reciprocal relationship to the calcium levels at all samplings. Serum zinc concentrations were most elevated over the 48 h post dosing, returning to normal levels at the fifth day. Following the highest zinc dose milk yields were reduced by approximately 1.5 kg milk/cow/day for 48 h. Similar results were obtained when cows grazed pasture on which large amounts of zinc oxide had been sprayed.  相似文献   

The pharmacokinetics of fenbendazole and oxfendazole in cattle     

A. J. Ngomuo  S. E. Marriner  J. A. Bogan 《Veterinary research communications》1984,8(1):187-193

The pharmacokinetics of fenbendazole and oxfendazole in cattle are described. The pharmacokinetics of oxfendazole were not significantly different when administered orally and by intra-ruminal injection. At a dose rate of 4.5 mg/kg, administered orally, fenbendazole gave rise to mean peak concentrations in plasma of fenbendazole and oxfendazole of 0.11 and 0.13 g/ml respectively. Oral administration of oxfendazole, at 4.5 mg/kg body weight, gave rise to plasma peak concentrations of fenbendazole and oxfendazole of 0.10 and 0.20 g/ml respectively. Following intra-ruminal administration of oxfendazole, the peak concentrations were 0.11 and 0.18 g/ml respectively.  相似文献   

A study of the interaction between bromocresol green dye and bovine,ovine and equine serum globulins     

G. Keay  D. L. Doxey 《Veterinary research communications》1984,8(1):25-32

In human medicine it has been shown that the bromocresol green (BCG) dye-binding method for the determination of serum albumin is not entirely specific, the dye reacting also with certain human serum globulins. This causes over-estimation of albumin when reaction times are prolonged beyond 30 seconds.In the present study, serum albumin values obtained from three animal species by the immediate, i.e. less than 30 seconds, BCG reaction were compared with those by the 10-minute BCG reaction. Albumin-depleted sera were prepared using an affinity chromatography technique and their reactions and those of purified gamma globulin preparations with the dye were studied.In cattle, sheep and horses, serum albumin values obtained by the 10-minute reaction were higher than those obtained by the immediate BCG reaction, the differences being statistically significant. Purified gamma globulin did not react with the BCG dye after 10 minutes, but other globulins did. There were differences between the species in the magnitude of the reaction of their globulins with BCG dye.  相似文献   

Effects of three methods of restraint an in rhesus and african green monkeys intravenous glucose tolerance testing     

Fulmer R  Loeb WF  Martin DP  Gard EA 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1984,13(1):19-25

The intravenous administration of 0.75 gm glucose per kg and the measurement of serum glucose pretest and at 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes constitute a satisfactory protocol for intravenous glucose tolerance testing of Rhesus (Macaca mulatto) and African Green (Cercopithecus aethiops) monkeys. No significant differences were noted between animals restrained with ketamine hydrochloride and those restrained with sodium pentobarbital, but the African Green males and females and the male Rhesus monkeys yielded significantly different results while being manually restrained.  相似文献   

Multiple cytopenias associated with monocytic proliferation in a dog     

Hirsch VM  Mitcham SC  Dunn DK 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1984,13(2):16-20

An unusual combination of blood cytopenias and monocytic proliferation was observed in a dog. Initial hematologic findings included severe thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, mild nonregenerative anemia and apparently normal bone marrow. Subsequently, a severe persistent monocytosis developed and the bone marrow became populated with monocytes and cytophagic macrophages. Splenomegaly was due to reticuloendothelial hyperplasia and extramedultary hematopoiesis. Treatment consisted of splenectomy and azathioprine but the response was poor and the dog was euthanized. Postmortem examination revealed a hypocellular bone marrow which contained moderate numbers of monocytes and plasma cells. Neoplastic proliferation was absent in visceral organs. No definite diagnosis was established; chronic blood cell consumption, perhaps immune-mediated, may have been responsible for the extensive reticuloendothelial hyperplasia and cytophagia.  相似文献   

Congenital cardiac disease in dogs     

D McCaw  E Aronson 《Modern veterinary practice》1984,65(7):509-512

Pulmonic stenosis is caused by a malformed pulmonic valve, stricture of the right ventricular outflow tract or stricture of the pulmonary artery. English Bulldogs, Beagles, Samoyeds, Fox Terriers and Chihuahuas are predisposed. Clinical signs in severely affected dogs include exercise intolerance, stunting, dyspnea, syncope and ascites. Auscultation reveals a high-frequency, crescendo-decrescendo murmur during systole, loudest over the left side of the thorax, near the sternal cardiac border. An ECG may reveal a right-axis deviation of greater than 120 degrees, S waves in leads I, II and III, deep S waves in CV6LL, CV6LU and V10, Q waves deeper than 0.5 mv in leads II, III and AVF, and positive T waves in lead V10. Plain film LAT thoracic radiographs reveal an elevated carina, increased sternal contact of the heart, loss of the cranial cardiac waist and a widened cardiac silhouette, with normal pulmonary vasculature. A DV projection reveals an inverted "D" shape of the right ventricle and a pulmonary artery bulge. A nonselective angiocardiogram reveals poststenotic dilation of the main pulmonary artery. Treatment involves surgical correction of the stenosis.  相似文献   

Somatic cell counts: associated factors and relationship to production.   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

E Salsberg  A H Meek    S W Martin 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1984,48(3):251-257

Factors affecting somatic cell counts and the association between somatic cell counts and milk production were evaluated. Data were collected from 748 Ontario Dairy Herd Improvement Corporation supervised herds that were on production and somatic cell count programs between April 1981 and March 1983. Two data files were created; one, the lactation summary file, contained one record per cow on each of 9406 Holsteins and the other, the test day file, included results of all tests during the complete lactation on each of the above cows. The latter file contained 85,236 records. Multiple curvilinear least squares regression was used to create five separate models. The dependent variables used in the models were natural logarithms (Loge) of the geometric mean of the somatic cell count for the lactation, 305 day milk production and breed class average for milk from the lactation summary file, and loge of the 24 hour somatic cell count and 24 hour milk production from the test day file. The somatic cell count at both the lactation and test day level increased with age up to approximately ten years and thereafter slowly decreased. The variable "days in milk" was not significantly associated with the lactation average somatic cell count. A curvilinear relationship was found between days in lactation at the time of test and the somatic cell count of 24 hour milk production. The somatic cell count increased until approximately 250 days in lactation and thereafter slowly decreased. It was found that the highest cell counts occurred in summer and the lowest in winter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献