15N-labelled fertiliser recovery by maize (Zea mays L.) and leaching of nutrients as influenced by oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar in a mini-lysimeter under controlled tropical environment     

Sherwin Chan Kit Lee  Abu Bakar Rosenani  Che Fauziah Ishak  Azni Idris  Khairuddin Abdul Rahim  Andreas Meyer-Aurich 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(12):1711-1724

Converting oil palm empty fruit bunches into biochar is an alternative waste management method and has strong potential to improve N fertiliser use efficiency in agriculture. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar (EFBB) in improving recovery of ¹⁵N-labelled nitrogen fertiliser by maize (Zea mays L.) and leaching of mineral N and K. An experiment was conducted in a mini-lysimeter system with randomised complete block design layout and six replications under controlled environment in a rain shelter. Each mini-lysimeter was filled with 20 kg of sandy loam soil before adding EFBB (0, 5, 10 and 20 Mg ha^?1). The N source used was (¹⁵NH₄)₂SO₄ at 80 kg N ha^?1 (2 at% ¹⁵N excess). Maize was irrigated to induce leaching every 4 days. Maize plant and soils were sampled 58 days after sowing (tasselling stage). Application of EFBB significantly reduced cumulative leachate volume and mineral N leaching. Soils applied with EFBB significantly improved ¹⁵N fertiliser recovery in maize and dry matter weight. This study shows that EFBB has the potential to be applied on highly weathered acidic soil as an amendment to improve fertiliser efficiency and crop growth.  相似文献   

Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum in the serum of camels (Camelus dromedarius) from central Punjab,Pakistan     

Nazir  Muhammad Mudasser  Oneeb  Muhammad  Ayaz  Muhammad Mazhar  Bibi  Fehmeeda  Ahmad  Atif Nisar  Waheed  Abdul  Sajid  Muhammad Afzal  Sultan  Muhammad Tauseef  Yasin  Ghulam  Lindsay  David S. 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(5):1081-1084

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Infection with the Apicomplexan parasite Neospora caninum occurs in domestic and wild animals worldwide. This parasite causes significant economic losses in...  相似文献   

Insight into the success of whitefly biological control using parasitoids: evidence from the Eretmocerus warrae−Trialeurodes vaporariorum system          下载免费PDF全文

Abdul Hanan  Xiong Z He  Qiao Wang 《Pest management science》2017,73(11):2294-2301

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Two new lathyrane type diterpenoids from Euphorbia aellenii     

Abdul Majid Ayatollahi  Mustafa Ghanadian  Suleiman Afsharypuor  Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary  Farzad Kobarfard  Mohammad Rahmati 《Fitoterapia》2010

Euphorbia aellenii Rech. f. (Euphorbiaceae) afforded a cytotoxic chloroform fraction from which two new esters of 6(17)-epoxylathyrol were identified (1 and 2). The structure of these compounds was elucidated by spectroscopic methods.  相似文献   

Development of mutants with varying flowering times by targeted editing of multiple SVP gene copies in Brassica napus L.     

Sunny Ahmar  Yungu Zhai  Huibin Huang  Kaidi Yu  Muhammad Hafeez Ullah Khan  Muhammad Shahid  Rana Abdul Samad  Shahid Ullah Khan  Olalekan Amoo  Chuchuan Fan  Yongming Zhou 《作物学报(英文版)》2022,(1):67-74

Manipulation of flowering time to develop cultivars with desired maturity dates is fundamental in plant breeding.It is desirable to generate polyploid rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)germplasm with varying flowering time controlled by a few genes.In the present study,Bna SVP,a rapeseed homolog of the Arabidopsis SVP(Short Vegetative Phase)gene,was characterized and a set of mutants was developed using a CRISPR/Cas9-based gene-editing tool.A single construct targeting multiple sites was successfully applied to precisely mutate four copies of Bna SVP.The induced mutations in these copies were stably transmitted to subsequent generations.Homozygous mutants with loss-of-function alleles and free transgenic elements were generated across the four Bna SVP homologs.All mutant T₁lines tested in two environments(summer and winter growing seasons)showed early-flowering phenotypes.The decrease in flowering time was correlated with the number of mutated Bna SVP alleles.The quadruple mutants showed the shortest flowering time,with a mean decrease of 40.6%–50.7%in length relative to the wild type under the two growth conditions.Our study demonstrates the quantitative involvement of Bna SVP copies in the regulation of flowering time and provides valuable resources for rapeseed breeding.  相似文献   

Molecular characterization of Malaysian fowl adenovirus (FAdV) serotype 8b species E and pathogenicity of the virus in specific-pathogen-free chicken     

Nur Syazana Sabarudin  Sheau Wei Tan  Yuen Fun Phang  Abdul Rahman Omar 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2021,22(4)

BackgroundInclusion body hepatitis (IBH) is an economically important viral disease primarily affecting broiler and breeder chickens. All 12 serotypes of fowl adenovirus (FAdV) can cause IBH.ObjectivesTo characterize FAdV isolates based on phylogenetic analysis, and to study the pathogenicity of FAdV-8b in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens following virus inoculation via oral and intramuscular (IM) routes.MethodsSuspected organ samples were subjected to virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for FAdV detection. Hexon gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed on FAdV-positive samples for serotype identification. One FAdV-8b isolate, UPM/FAdV/420/2017, was selected for fiber gene characterization and pathogenicity study and was inoculated in SPF chickens via oral and IM routes.ResultsThe hexon gene phylogenetic analysis revealed that all isolates belonged to FAdV-8b. The fiber gene-based phylogenetic analysis of isolate UPM/FAdV/420/2017 supported the grouping of that isolate into FAdV species E. Pathogenicity study revealed that, chickens infected with UPM/FAdV/420/2017 via the IM route had higher clinical score values, higher percent mortality, higher degree of the liver lesions, higher antibody response (p < 0.05), and higher virus shedding amounts (p < 0.05) than those infected via the oral route. The highest virus copy numbers were detected in liver and gizzard.ConclusionsFAdV-8b is the dominant FAdV serotype in Malaysia, and pathogenicity study of the FAdV-8b isolate UPM/FAdV/420/2017 indicated its ability to induce IBH in young SPF chickens when infected via oral or IM routes.  相似文献   

Direct and indirect anthelmintic effects of condensed tannins in sheep     

Iqbal Z  Sarwar M  Jabbar A  Ahmed S  Nisa M  Sajid MS  Khan MN  Mufti KA  Yaseen M 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,144(1-2):125-131

Anthelmintic activity of condensed tannins (CT) was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro tests included egg hatch test and paralysis/mortality assay on adult Haemonchus contortus. In vivo anthelmintic effect was determined by faecal egg count reduction test in lambs. To this end, 18 lambs were divided into three groups (low tannin, high tannin and control). The lambs of low and high tannin groups were fed diets containing 2 and 3% CT while the control group was fed on diets without CT. In vitro trials showed a dose-dependent inhibition of nematode egg hatching; whereas, there was no effect of CT on adult H. contortus. In vivo trials indicated reduction in faecal egg counts in lambs fed diets containing CT. Feed intake and nutrient digestibility of CT-fed sheep was lower and nitrogen balance was higher as compared to control. Maximum weight gain was observed in animals fed diets containing 3% CT. The direct anthelmintic effect of CT, therefore, was evidenced by inhibited egg hatching; whereas, faecal egg counts reduction in sheep was through improved nutrient utilization.  相似文献   

Economic potential of rice precision farming in malaysia: the case study of Felcra Seberang Perak     

Rahim  Hairazi  Ghazali  Mohd Shahril Shah Mohamad  Bookeri  Mohammad Aufa Mhd.  Abu Bakar  Badril Hisham  Ariff  Engku Elini Engku  Rahman  Mohd Syaifudin Abdul  Wahab  Mohd Amirul Mukmin Abdul 《Precision Agriculture》2022,23(3):812-829

Many attempts/efforts have been made to cope with the fluctuated production performance in rice production in Malaysia. There is a crucial need in technological advancement to tackle the issue of environmental variability, decreasing productivity and the rising cost in rice cultivation. The use of variable rate technology has increased rice yield through efficient resource allocation. Notwithstanding, an evaluation of the feasibility of this technology is required in terms of economic and intangible benefits. Therefore, this study attempted to determine the potential benefits that could come out of the use of precision agriculture technologies in rice cultivation. A precision farming technology package was developed by the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute. It consists of two components, namely a variable rate seed application system and a variable rate fertilizer application system. The study estimated the monetary benefits gained from the use of these two technology components at Federal Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Authority Seberang Perak. The study also compared the performance of the technology package against the conventional practice. The Cost–Benefit Analysis exercise has been implemented to show the benefits and implications comprised in the study. It was found that there is an additional net income per hectare in between Malaysian Ringgit (MYR) 1109 to MYR 1333 due to the reduction in the production cost if the precision farming technology packages were adopted. The advancement in two cultivation stages showed a positive impact monetarily for both small-scale and large-scale farmers in the study. However, many challenges are to be faced for the technologies implementation since the existing rice cultivation recommended practices throughout all stages even yet to be practiced and taken seriously.

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Supplemental irrigation — a safeguard technique for successful cultivation of Monsoon rice (Transplanted Aman) in Bangladesh     

Jahirul Islam  Lukmanur Rahman Bhuiyan  Abdul Ghani 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1991,5(4):351-362

The study was conducted in Monsoon (Transplanted Aman) at BRRI farm, Joydebpur, from 1978–1987, to determine the impact and viability of supplemental irrigation. The results of 8 years of experimentation indicate that the impact of supplemental irrigation mainly depends on rainfall distribution patterns and the last precipitation of the season. Generally, the late transplanted crops suffer from moisture stress when the last rainfall ceases by the first week of October. Under this situation, one timely supplemental irrigation of 60 mm could produce about 58% more yield, and the consequent benefit cost ratio of supplemental irrigation would be 5.3 to 14.5, which is highly profitable. The study reveals that if the last rainfall continues up to the third week of October, the supplemental irrigation is still profitable. When sufficient rainfall occurs in November, there is no need for supplemental irrigation, even in late transplanting, and continuous standing water is not required for rice cultivation provided the rain water can be managed properly.Abbreviations BADC Bangladesh Agriculture Development Corporation - B/C Ratio Benefit Cost Ratio - BRRI Bangladesh Rice Research Institute - HYV High Yielding Variety  相似文献   

Effect of weaning method on body weight,testicular growth,sexual behavior,age of puberty,and testosterone concentration of Beetal bucks     

Muhammad Amjad  Nasir Hameed  Muhammad Irfan-ur-Rehman Khan  Farid Ullah  Abdul Sattar 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13520

The current study evaluates the effects of early (8th week) and late (16th week of age) weaning of male goat kids on their body growth, testicular growth, sexual behavior, plasma testosterone concentration, and pubertal age. Early (n = 6) and late (n = 7) weaned Beetal bucks were weekly monitored from 18th to 38th week for their body weight, scrotal circumference, testicular volume, testicular echogenicity (via ultrasonography), sexual activities, and plasma testosterone concentration. In comparison to early-weaned, late-weaned bucks showed a marked increase (p < .05) in body weight (11.4 ± 0.8 vs. 13.7 ± 0.6kg), testicular volume (44.1 ± 7.2 vs. 79.8 ± 18.7cm³), scrotal circumference (10.7 ± 0.6 vs. 12.8 ± 0.7cm), and testicular echogenicity (28.3 ± 2.7 vs. 38.3 ± 2.1) from 18th, 28th, 21st, and 24th week onward, respectively. Sexual activities started earlier in late- than early-weaned bucks (22nd vs. 25th week, respectively). Moreover, the sexual behavior index was better (p < .05) after the 34th week in late than early-weaned bucks. The plasma concentration of testosterone (at 39 weeks of age) was relatively more and the onset of puberty was 2–3 weeks earlier (p < .05) in late than early-weaned bucks. In conclusion, age-based early weaning of male kids impairs their testicular growth, sexual behavior, and age at puberty compared to conventional weaning.  相似文献