Food availability for blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) at Lal Suhanra Sanctuary,Pakistan     

Z.B. Mirza  Abdul Waiz 《Biological conservation》1973,5(2):119-122

The Blackbuck has suffered rapid decline at the hand of Man during the last half-century, having been exterminated in many areas in which it was formerly plentiful. However, it is said to occur still fairly widely in small populations within its former range in India. In Cholistan Desert in Pakistan ot was indigenous but has disappeared during the last two decades. Where introduced in Texas it is flourishing. Ten Blackbuck were reintroduced from Texas to a small enclosure in the Lal Suhanra Sanctuary, Pakistan, in April 1970, and more stock is expected to be introduced into a near-by larger fenced enclosure of 518·4 ha. Food habits of Blackbuck were studied and the food was estimated in the latter area on 3–8 April 1971. Out of 22 commonly-occuring plant species in the habitat, 19 were eaten. Of these, four or five were favourite food plants of Blackbuck. The quantity of favourite food was estimated and an idea was formed of the order of magnitude of stocking that could be done in this enclosure.  相似文献   

Nitrogen use efficiency,water saving and yield of rice transplanting on raised bed over traditional flat method     

Abdul Majeed  Abid Niaz  Atif Muhmood  Zahid Ashfaq Ahmad  Muhammad Ilyas  Abdul Wakeel 《Journal of plant nutrition》2017,40(3):307-314

Flat transplanting with flooded irrigation is commonly used for growing rice, but it results in ineffective use of applied fertilizer and water. The objective of this study was to compare nitrogen use efficiency and water saving of rice transplanted on beds and on flat ground. This field experiment was performed in randomized complete design for three continuous years and all treatments were repeated three times. Results showed that transplanting of four lines of rice nursery on bed and one line in furrow and nitrogen application at 150 kg ha^?1 recorded 16.06, 21.81, 16.0 and 20.21% higher paddy yield, nitrogen (N) uptake in paddy, N use efficiency and N agronomic efficiency than traditional flat method at same N level. Without loss in yield, about 25 kg ha ^?1 of N fertilizer and 24% of water can be saved with bed transplanting of rice as compared to flat method.  相似文献   

Efficacy,phytotoxicity and economics of different herbicides in aerobic rice     

Md. Parvez Anwar  Abdul Shukor Juraimi  Adam Puteh  Azmi Man  Md. Moshiur Rahman 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(7):604-615

Abstract

Aerobic rice is a potential water-wise rice production system, but high weed infestation has threatened its sustainability, which demands an efficient and cost-effective weed management technique. Eight commercial herbicide products were applied singly or as tank-mix or in sequence to evaluate their efficacy, rice selectivity and cost-effectiveness in aerobic rice. The study was conducted under field conditions in Malaysia during 2010/2011 following a randomized complete block design. Most of the herbicide treatments provided excellent weed control, and produced much higher net benefit than weedy or weed-free check. None of the herbicides caused significant phytotoxicity to rice plants. Among the herbicide treatments, sequential application of Cyhalofop-butyl+Bensulfuron at early growth stage followed by Bentazon/MCPA at mid growth stage provided the highest weed control efficiency, productivity and net benefit. Application of Bispyribac-sodium at early growth stage followed by Bentazon/MCPA at mid growth stage performed very close to the above-mentioned treatments. Sequential application of Pretilachlor/safener just after seeding followed by Propanil/Thiobencarb at early growth stage also provided satisfactory results in terms of efficacy and economic return. Since manual weeding was not economic, herbicide rotation using the above chemicals may be recommended for effective weed management in aerobic rice.  相似文献   

Avian Leukosis in Brahma Chicken Raised in Al-Qurnah Town,Southern Iraq     

Qayssar Ali Kraidi  Waleed Majeed Seger  Mukhallad Abdul Kareem Ramadhan 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2018,44(5):477-484

The current study was conducted to diagnose avian leukosis in naturally infected Brahma backyard chickens in southern parts of Iraq, on the basis of clincopathological findings and serological detection by using antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (AC-ELISA) in suspected tumor cases in field conditions. In this study the avian leukosis was mostly observed in birds from 16 to 22 weeks of age, as well as the infected flocks showed a low mortality rate ranging from 5–6%. Typical variable sized grey to yellow obvious tumor-like nodular lesion was demonstrated on the surface of enlarged visceral organs such as liver, spleen, kidney and duodenum, as in white meat-type chickens. The histopathological features revealed massive infiltration of monomorphic lymphocytes in which the lymphoblasts were predominant in the liver, kidney, spleen and duodenum. In this study, a total of 40 sera were tested for ALV P27 antigen by ELISA technique. Thirty-five out of forty sera (87.5%) obtained from Brahma chickens tested positive to ALV P27 antigen and a higher percentage (88.58%) of the chicken sera were strongly positive and had (EUs > 75%). Based on these findings, avian leukosis was concluded to be associated with this pathological condition in Iraqi backyard flocks. This is the first report of the presence of the avian leukosis in visceral samples of Brahma breed. It seems that commercial poultry population in Iraq is not far from the threat of the avian leukosis, and surveillance for avian leukosis is needed.  相似文献