Influence of drinking water salinity on carcass characteristics and meat quality of Santa Inês lambs     

Daniela P. V. Castro  Sandra M. Yamamoto  Gherman G. L. Araújo  Rafael S. B. Pinheiro  Mario A. A. Queiroz  Ítalo R. R. Albuquerque  José H. A. Moura 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(6):1095-1100

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different salinity levels in drinking water on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of lamb carcass and meat. Ram lambs (n = 32) were distributed in a completely randomized design with four levels of salinity in the drinking water (640 mg of total dissolved solids (TDS)/L of water, 3188 mg TDS/L water, 5740 mg TDS/L water, and 8326 mg TDS/L water). After slaughter, blending, gutting, and skinning the carcass, hot and biological carcass yields were obtained. Then, the carcasses were cooled at 5 °C for 24 h, and then, the morphometric measurements and the cold carcass yield were determined and the commercial cuts made. In the Longissimus lumborum muscle color, water holding capacity, cooking loss, shear force, and chemical composition were determined. The yields of hot and cold carcass (46.10 and 44.90%), as well as losses to cooling (2.40%) were not affected (P > 0.05) by the salinity levels in the water ingested by the lambs. The meat shear force was 3.47 kg/cm² and moisture, crude protein, ether extract, and ash were 73.62, 22.77, 2.5, and 4.3%, respectively. It is possible to supply water with salinity levels of up to 8326 mg TDS/L, because it did not affect the carcass and meat characteristics of Santa Inês lambs.  相似文献   

Effects of marine climate variability on the relative abundance of Lutjanus purpureus (POEY, 1866) on the Amazon Continental Shelf     

Diego Gomes Trindade  Nelson de Almeida de Gouveia  Niedja Luana da Costa da Mescouto  Hanna Tereza Garcia de Sousa Moura  Ualerson Iran Peixoto da Silva  Bianca Bentes 《Fisheries Oceanography》2024,33(2):e12662

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of climate and marine variability on the catches of Lutjanus purpureus in three sectors of the Amazon Continental Shelf. Remote sensing data were compared with landings (CPUE) between 1997 and 2007 and analyzed for partial influence obtained through the Generalized Additive Model. Additionally, significant variables were analyzed through Wavelet Cross-Spectrum, and periods of high correlation between variables in space and time were identified. The results indicated a high coherence between catch per unit effort (CPUE) and environmental variables on an interannual scale, suggesting that Red Snapper fishing is mainly influenced by the seasonal effects of oceanographic variables. These results suggest that fluctuations in Red Snapper catches between 1997 and 2007 may be the result of natural processes that occur in the Amazon Continental Shelf every year in synergy with environmental variables, which are also indirectly affected by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) pattern.  相似文献   

Evaluation of growth and fatty acid profile of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with Schizochytrium sp.     

Smela Keila Almeida dos Santos  Marianne Schorer  Guilherme de Souza Moura  Eduardo Arruda Teixeira Lanna  Marcelo Mattos Pedreira 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(4):1068-1074

The objective of this study was to evaluate growth, body chemical composition and lipid profile of Nile tilapia juvenile fed with Schizochytrium sp. Two hundred and forty Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juvenile (1.33 ± 0.11 g) were distributed in 20 aquariums, at the density of 12 fish per aquarium. The juvenile were fed with five levels of Schizochytrium sp.: Control (0 g/kg of Schizochytrium sp. in feed); AS10 (10 g/kg of Schizochytrium sp. in feed); AS20 (20 g/kg of Schizochytrium sp. in feed); AS30 (30 g/kg of Schizochytrium sp. in feed) and AS40 (40 g/kg of Schizochytrium sp. in feed). The inclusion of Schizochytrium sp. increase the body weight, weight gain, final biomass and biomass gain of tilapia juvenile. The body crude protein of tilapia was increased after addition of microalgae. Juvenile lipid profile also was influenced when fed with 40 g of Schizochytrium sp. per kg and have it levels of omega‐3 and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) increased, and omega 6:3 ratio decreased. Tilapia juvenile fed with Schizochytrium sp. per kg have better growth, omega‐3 and DHA levels rising in the body, being a considerable source of fatty acids for human nutrition. Levels above 20 g of Schizochytrium sp. per kg in the feed favour the increase of protein in Nile tilapia body.  相似文献   

Benthic dynamics within a land-based semi-intensive aquaculture fish farm: the importance of settlement ponds     

Susana Carvalho  Manuela Falcão  João Cúrdia  Ana Moura  Dalila Serpa  Miguel B. Gaspar  Maria Teresa Dinis  Pedro Pousão-Ferreira  Luís Cancela da Fonseca 《Aquaculture International》2009,17(6):571-587

The present work aims to assess the importance of settlement ponds (SP) in semi-intensive fish farms by studying benthic dynamics in an aquaculture fish farm, more specifically in the water reservoir (WR) and SP and also in production (P) and nonproduction (C) ponds during a 16-month period. In Portugal, a SP is only mandatory for intensive fish farms, and another objective of the present study is to assess the importance of these areas in semi-intensive fish farms. The WR was the area with highest diversity and evenness, as well as the higher number of exclusive taxa and taxa sensitive to organic enrichment. P and SP samples showed signs of higher disturbance levels, emphasized namely by the association of the opportunistic annelids Capitella spp. and Tubificidae. However, the benthic data from SP points to lower disturbance levels than P both due to an increase in the percentage of sensitive taxa observed in June and October 2004 and by the association of this latter sample with water reservoir samples as evidenced by canonical correspondence analysis. Moreover, a higher and increasing number of taxa when compared with the P area were also observed. Therefore, in semi-intensive fish farms, where effluents from P ponds are directly discharged to the lagoon, the potential environmental impacts would be more severe. In conclusion, the imposition of SP in semi-intensive fish farms should be considered, especially because most fish farms are located within relevant wetland areas.  相似文献   

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Coagulase-Positive and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Ready-to-Eat Sashimi     

Ana T. Moura  Samuel Miguéis  Alexandra Esteves  Maria C. Fontes 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(1):95-102

The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from sashimi meals collected in Japanese restaurants from northern Portugal. One hundred and thirty-six isolates of Staphylococcus spp. were recovered from sashimi samples. The antimicrobial susceptibility test showed high levels of resistance to β-lactams, macrolides, and lincosamides. All Staphylococcus isolates were sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol. Multidrug-resistant staphylococci (25%) were found in sashimi samples. It is of the utmost need to improve the hygienic practices in handling in order to reduce the occurrence of Staphylococcus species, potentially resistant to antimicrobial agents.  相似文献   

Apparent digestibility of soybean coproducts in extruded diets for Nile Tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus          下载免费PDF全文

L.V.O. Vidal  T.O. Xavier  L.B. de Moura  T.S. Graciano  E.N. Martins  W.M. Furuya 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2017,23(2):228-235

Soybean coproducts are important protein sources in aquaculture because of their amino acid profile. Tilapia can be reared on soybean coproducts as the only source of dietary protein without compromising growth. This study estimated apparent digestibility coefficients for five soybean coproducts for juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, fed with extruded diets. A reference diet and test diets consisting of 70% reference diet and 30% coproduct ingredient were formulated, along with 5.0 g kg^?1 chromic oxide (Cr₂O₃) as a marker. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) for dry matter (ADCDM), gross energy (ADCGE) and crude protein (ADCCP) for soybean coproducts were estimated as 84.2–88.4%, 86.9–91.1% and 96.8–97.9%, respectively. ADCDM and ADCCP values did not vary among the ingredients, but low‐protein soybean meal exhibited lower ADCGE values than did soybean protein concentrate. ADCs of all amino acids were >95%, and mean ADCs for amino acids were similar to the values observed for ADCCP. Soybean coproducts had good nutritional value in extruded diets fed to tilapia. Methionine, histidine and valine were the limiting amino acids in all evaluated ingredients.  相似文献   

Components of growth in mice hemizygous for a MT/bGH transgene.     

M Kaps  A S Moura  T J Safranski  W R Lamberson 《Journal of animal science》1999,77(5):1148-1154

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a metallothionein/bovine GH transgene on duration and rate of growth of lean and fat in mice. Mice were produced by mating hemizygous transgenic males to nontransgenic females. Ten weights and six measurements of total body electrical conductivity to estimate body composition were taken on 147 progeny between birth and 84 d of age. Growth traits for fat-free mass (FFM) and body fat mass (FM) were obtained by fitting FFM and FM to a logistic curve y = A/(1 + exp(k(b - t))), where y is FFM or FM, A is asymptotic mass, k and b are curve parameters, and t is time in days. The function and its first, second, and third derivatives for FFM and FM were used to model growth. A mixed model was used with animal and litter as random effects and trans-genotype, sex, and transgenotype x sex as fixed effects in analyses of growth traits. Estimates of transgeno-type and transgenotype x sex interaction were tested by using their corresponding standard errors. Males had greater response to the transgene than females in final FFM and growth rate during the entire growth period. Transgenic males and females had greater duration of lean growth than nontransgenics. Transgenic males began to accumulate fat later, but they eventually gained more fat than transgenic females.  相似文献   

Simultaneous occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease and trichomonosis in a Maine coon cat     

Csar A.R. Santos  Jssica C. Melo  Letícia H.T.S. Sampaio  Lorena C. Ferari  Fernanda B.C. Moura  Fúlvia B. Souza  Priscila E. Kobayashi  Carlos E. Fonseca-Alves  Priscylla T.C.G. Okamoto  Sheila C. Rahal  Alessandra Melchert 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2022,63(3):281

A 2-year-old, 4.2 kg, spayed female, Maine coon cat was referred to the veterinary hospital for evaluation of hyporexia, slow growth, and chronic, intermittent, mucoid, bloody, voluminous, and fetid diarrhea. The diarrhea had been observed since the cat was acquired from a cattery at 4 months of age; with acute worsening in the 5 d before presentation. Abdominal palpation revealed moderate pain. Ultrasonographic examination showed thickening of the jejunal wall and ileal loops, increased echogenicity of the jejunal mucosa, and enlargement of the jejunal and ileocolic lymph nodes. Histopathology of full-thickness intestinal biopsies showed moderate, diffuse, lymphoplasmacytic, erosive enteritis with hemorrhage and edema. Diffuse, lymphoplasmacytic, erosive colitis with mild, interstitial fibrosis and hemorrhage was also noted. The ileocecal lymph node biopsy showed eosinophilic lymphadenitis. Based on the immunohistochemical evaluation of intestinal samples with CD3 and CD79a antibodies, a diagnosis of lymphoma was ruled out. Fecal polymerase chain reaction testing was positive for Tritrichomonas foetus. Based on these results, inflammatory bowel disease and trichomonosis were diagnosed. Treatment for the cat included a hypoallergenic diet and an oral omega-3 fatty acid supplement, in conjunction with prednisolone, to manage the inflammatory bowel disease. Ronidazole was administered to target the Tritrichomonas foetus. The cat was clinically normal during a follow-up examination after 6 months of treatment.  相似文献   

Sampling of Sugarcane Leaves in Field Experiments to Determine the Activity of Nitrate Reductase     

Renato Lemos dos Santos  Emídio Cantídio Almeida de Oliveira  José de Arruda Barbosa  Maria José Alves de Moura  Nayara Rose da Conceição Lopes 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(1):76-87

Nitrogen (N) assimilation depends on nitrate reductase activity (NRA). Leaf sampling methods in field experimentation with sugarcane and analytical procedures are essential for the determination of the maximum activity (MA) of the enzyme. Thus, in five tests, it was possible to determine which period of the crop cycle should be used for leaf collection, the most adequate leaf for collection, the ideal number of leaves to be collected, the period of the day in which the enzyme has MA and which analytical procedures can be optimized. The evaluation of NRA in sugarcane should occur between 95 and 100 days after planting (DAP) and can be performed in any green leaf. In field experiments, it is recommended the collection of 15 leaves, which must occur between 12:00 and 12:30 h, with later incubation of the leaf tissues for 430 min, without vacuum application.  相似文献   

Optimal dietary methionine + cystine requirement for finishing lambari,Astyanax altiparanae (Garutti and Britski, 2000)     

Daniel Abreu Vasconcelos Campelo  Ana Lúcia Salaro  Lorena Batista de Moura  Marcelo Duarte Pontes  Cristiana Leonor da Silva Carneiro  Wilson Massamitu Furuya 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(1):58-68

A 95‐day feeding trial was conducted to quantify the methionine + cystine requirement for finishing lambari, Astyanax altiparanae (6.10 ± 0.11 g). Six extruded isoproteic (310.14 g/kg crude protein) and isoenergetic (19.76 MJ/kg gross energy) diets were prepared to contain 6.71, 8.31, 11.31, 13.12, 15.59 and 19.74 g/kg dry diet of methionine + cystine. Quadruplicate groups of female lambari were randomly assigned to 24 aquaria (70 L each) and fed to apparent satiety six times daily. The methionine + cystine requirement was determined by quadratic regression analysis of growth performance, whole body composition, muscle development, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity against dietary methionine + cystine concentrations, at 5% significance. Fish fed 6.71–11.31 g/kg dry diet of methionine + cystine showed increased weight gain, per cent weight gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio. There were no significant differences in whole body composition, muscle growth and activity of AST and ALT in fish fed the dietary treatments. In conclusion, according to the second‐order polynomial analysis of weight gain, the optimum dietary methionine + cystine requirements for finishing lambari were estimated to be 13.66 g/kg dry diet (4.40% dietary protein).  相似文献