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Viktorija Jakubauskaite Zilvinas Kryzevicius Dalia Ambrazaitiene Monika Vilkiene Danute Karcauskiene 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2016,66(8):664-670
ABSTRACTThe remediation technologies of soils contaminated with petroleum products are developed in two main directions: the first one encompasses searching for new effective bioagents and the other one explores the ways to activate those microorganisms present in the soil that are capable of degrading oil. The objective of this research was to determine if it is possible to increase the effectiveness of biodegradation of petroleum products by using chemical additives. The soil was supplemented with additives: CuSO4, MnSO4, KMnO4, H2O2, 5% and 10% chemical industry plants sludge, 5% and 10% Stock Company ‘Klaipedos vanduo’ (SC‘KV’) municipal wastewater treatment plants sludge. The data suggest that all the additives statistically significantly stimulated the degradation of diesel fuel (F = 12.01; p = .001) and black oil (F = 9.93; p = .001) compared with the control. It was determined that diesel fuel was degraded the fastest in samples with KMnO4, where efficiency of degradation was 90%, and 88% efficency in samples with 10% chemical industry plants sludge. Black oil was degraded the best in samples, where KMnO4 was added: efficiency of degradation was up to 63%. In the samples with 10% of sewage sludge from chemical industry plant degradation efficiency was 62%. 相似文献
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Dalia Aiello Giuseppe Scuderi Alessandro Vitale Giuseppe Firrao Giancarlo Polizzi Gabriella Cirvilleri 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,137(1):29-41
Pith necrosis is a common disease of tomato in Europe, mainly caused by Pseudomonas corrugata and other soil-borne species of Pseudomonas. During 2011–2012 a survey was conducted in soil-grown tomato crops in southeastern Sicily (Italy). Plants showed pith necrosis, brown discolouration of the vascular tissues, leaf chlorosis and sometimes wilting of leaves. Thirty bacterial isolates from symptomatic tissues, forming colonies on NA and KB, were identified by morphological, biochemical and physiological tests. Among them, seven isolates were analyzed for their 16S rDNA and 16S–23S spacer region sequence that resulted in 99 % identity to that of the Xanthomonas perforans type strain (GenBank accession number GQ46173over 2.085 bp.). Additional sequences of fusA, gapA, gltA, gyrB, lacF, and lepA from one selected isolate were 100% identical to sequences of the Xanthomonas perforans type strain. X. perforans local isolates showed similar genomic patterns with REP-PCR and fAFLP, and were clearly distinguished from other Xanthomonas spp. type strains. In stem-inoculation assays, bacteria isolated from symptomatic tomato plants identified as P. fluorescens, P. putida, P. marginalis, P. citronellolis, P. straminea, and Pantoea agglomerans induced discolouration of vascular tissues, while Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. atrosepticum isolates induced soft rot. Conversely, the isolates here identified as Xanthomonas perforans were able to induce pith necrosis, vascular discolouration, longitudinal splits and external lesions on stems. This report of X. perforans causing pith necrosis on tomato represents a potentially serious problem that may limit the productivity of tomato crops. 相似文献
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Daiva Janušauskaite Dalia Feiziene 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(1):7-15
Abstract Little is known about the response of spring triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm.) chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fo – initial fluorescence intensity, Fm – maximal fluorescence, Fv/Fm – maximum quantum yield of photosystem II) to nitrogen fertilization. We investigated after-effects of basic (N60P60K60 and N120P120K120) and additional (N30 and N60) fertilization on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at four main phonological development stages of spring triticale under field conditions. Both additional nitrogen (N) rates soon after application induced short-acting stress on both basic fertilization backgrounds only in dry weather conditions. Initial fluorescence intensity exhibited direct relationship (R2=0.52) with an additional nitrogen rate only at the beginning of booting (BBCH 31) in dry 2008. The correlation of maximal fluorescence with additional nitrogen rate was significant during the whole experimental period. Maximum quantum yield of photosystem II directly correlated with both basic and additional nitrogen fertilization from flag leaf stage (BBCH 37) to completion of flowering (BBCH 69) in 2008. Initial fluorescence intensity decreased after spring triticale heading stage. 相似文献
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Aušra Arlauskienė Aleksandras Velykis Alvyra Šlepetienė Dalia Janušauskaitė 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2016,66(8):677-687
ABSTRACTDuring 2008–2011, model field experiments were carried out at the Joni?k?lis Experimental Station of Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry on a clay loam Endocalcaric Endogleyic Cambisol. The study was aimed to establish the comparison of various postharvest practices (mineral nitrogen fertiliser alone or together with a bioactivator Penergetic k, livestock slurry, red clover biomass and straw incorporation in the soil by a stubble cultivator at a 10 cm depth) on the acceleration of the initial (nine-month period) decomposition of winter wheat straw. During this period, straw mass decomposition intensity was 20.7–29.1%, carbon (C) concentration decreased by 6.5–22.8%, while an increase in nitrogen (N) by 1.1–2.2 times was observed. The highest straw decomposition rate was recorded when after straw incorporation autumn was warm and humid. That year straw mass C to N ratio (C/N) was 38–46. Under less-favourable autumn conditions, the highest decomposition of straw was achieved, having applied mineral N (with and without Penergetic) and livestock slurry and having incorporated the straw in the soil (C/N = 40–55). A slower decomposition rate was observed for the straw spread on the soil surface with mineral N addition or on undersown red clover. 相似文献
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Magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) are the main divalent cations in the body. The free ionized fraction is the physiologically active form of both Mg and Ca. As ion-selective-electrode (ISE) analyzers are becoming widely used in veterinary practice it will be useful to establish reference intervals for horses. In the present study, reference intervals were established for ionized, total and the ratio of the ionized to total Mg and Ca concentrations in four horse groups: adults, neonatal foals, and pregnant and lactating mares, as well as in three sample types, whole blood, plasma and serum, using an ISE-analyzer. Sample pH effect was assessed.Concentration differences in both total and ionized cations were recorded for some measures between horse groups and different sample types. The most significant differences were recorded between neonatal foals and other groups. These results demonstrate the need to use specific reference intervals for horses of different physiologic status and in specific sample types. 相似文献
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Dalia Aiello Alessandro Vitale Mitsuro Hyakumachi Giancarlo Polizzi 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,134(1):161-165
In recent years, watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) has been subjected to significant losses due to vine decline in Sicily (southern Italy). During a survey conducted in 2009, the predominant fungal species associated with root rot and vine decline were Rhizoctonia spp. The most isolates were characterized as binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-F through morphological observation, nuclear condition, anastomosis tests and sequence homology of rDNA-ITS. Occasionally, R. solani was found. The pathogenicity of binucleate Rhizoctonia and virulences of different isolates were tested in growth chamber on watermelon seedlings. All isolates were pathogenic on watermelon seedlings and showed statistically significant differences on the disease incidence and severity among them. To our knowledge, this is the first report worldwide of the occurrence of pathogenic binucleate Rhizoctonia responsible for root rot and associated with watermelon vine decline. 相似文献
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Yigal Elad Yoel Messika Michal Brand Dalia Rav David Abraham Sztejnberg 《Phytoparasitica》2007,35(3):285-299
The effect of colored shade nets with different shade intensities and qualities of irradiation transmittance on pepper powdery
mildew was tested in mini-plots and field experiments. Leaf coverage byLeveillula taurica and leaf shedding due to the disease were more severe in the shade, by up to 275% and 70%, respectively, than in the open
field. Leaf coverage byL. taurica symptoms and leaf shedding from plants grown under 25% shade black nets were higher, by up to 70% and 180%, respectively,
than under 40% shade nets. The color of the shade nets affected the intensity of photosynthetically active (PAR), ultra-violet
(UV), blue, red and far red radiations, the UV/blue light ratio, and percent PAR and UV transmitted. The various nets suppressed
the disease differently. Black, blue-silver, green and red nets were associated with lower levels of disease in the field
experiments. The red net was also superior in the mini-plots. The other results from the mini-plots were not similar to those
from the field, probably reflecting more intensive epidemic development in the mini-plots. No interaction between net type
and cultivar was found when two cultivars were grown under the nets. Yield was higher under nets than in the open; nevertheless,
the yield from plants grown under the 40% shade black net was not higher than that of the plants under the 25% black net,
despite the significantly lower levels of disease at the higher shade intensity. B-quality pepper yield was significantly
higher in the plots covered by 25% shade. Yield differences between the different colored nets were also not well correlated
with disease levels, probably due to factors negating the direct effect of the nets on the plants and their yield. Implementation
of either ‘friendly’ (Ampelomyces quisqualis AQ10/Trichoderma harzianum T39/ sulfur/ neem seed extract) or chemical (sulfur/ pyrifenox/ Polyoxin AL/ myclobutanil/ azoxystrobin) spray regimes successfully
reduced disease severity under the different nets. There was no interaction between net type and spray regime. Thus, growing
sweet pepper under shade nets results in increased yields and also in higher powdery mildew severity. Disease is negatively
associated with the rate of shading and is variably affected by the quality of light filtered through the different colored
shade nets.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 8, 2007. 相似文献
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