Identification and validation of quantitative trait loci associated with seed yield in soybean     

Naoya Yamaguchi  Fumio Taguchi-Shiobara  Yumi Sato  Mineo Senda  Masao Ishimoto  Fumiko Kousaka 《Breeding Science》2021,71(3):396

In soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], the genetic analysis of seed yield is important to aid in the breeding of high-yielding cultivars. Seed yield is a complex trait, and the number of quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in seed yield is high. The aims of this study were to identify QTL associated with seed yield and validate their effects on seed yield using near-isogenic lines. The QTL analysis was conducted using a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between Japanese cultivars ‘Toyoharuka’ and ‘Toyomusume’, and eight seed yield-associated QTL were identified. There were significant positive correlations between seed yield and the number of favorable alleles at QTL associated with seed yield in the recombinant inbred lines for three years. The effects of qSY8-1, a QTL promoting greater seed yield, was validated in the Toyoharuka background. In a two-year yield trial, the 100-seed weight and seed yield of Toyoharuka-NIL, the near-isogenic line having the Toyomusume allele at qSY8-1, were significantly greater than those of Toyoharuka (106% and 107%, respectively) without any change for days to flowering and maturity. Our results suggest that qSY8-1 was not associated with maturity genes, and contributed to the 100-seed weight.  相似文献   

Winter longitudinal variation in the body size of larval fishes in the Seto Inland Sea,Japan     

Yuya Shigematsu  Yuichiro Ochi  Shuhei Yamaguchi  Kazumitsu Nakaguchi  Yoichi Sakai  Jun-ya Shibata  Wataru Nishijima  Takeshi Tomiyama 《Fisheries Science》2017,83(3):373-382

This study revealed the spatial variation in abundance and body size of larval fishes in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan, in January 2014 and 2015. Fish larvae were collected by a 1.3-m-diameter ring net towed at the surface and at 10-m depth at 21 stations. The most dominant species was the sandlance Ammodytes japonicus, constituting 82% of total larval fish caught. The body size of A. japonicus was greater [ca. 9 mm total length (TL) in 2014] in eastern areas than in western areas (ca. 5 mm TL in 2014). This trend was also observed in rockfishes (Sebastiscus marmoratus and Sebastes inermis species complex), suggesting a common phenomenon in this region. Because the water temperature was lower in eastern areas, it is likely that the longitudinal differences in larval body size are attributable to earlier spawning in eastern areas caused by different temperature conditions.  相似文献   

Spawning frequency of the Tsushima Current subpopulation of chub mackerel <Emphasis Type="Italic">Scomber japonicus</Emphasis> off Kyushu,Japan     

Tetsuro Shiraishi  Suvarna D. Ketkar  Yoshiki Katoh  Mitsuo Nyuji  Akihiko Yamaguchi  Michiya Matsuyama 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(3):649-655

Female Japanese chub mackerel Scomber japonicus of the Tsushima Current subpopulation were collected during the spawning season from March to May 2001. A total of 137 adult females were caught between midnight and daybreak. A considerable number of fish displayed new postovulatory follicles (POF), whereas there was no evidence of germinal vesicle breakdown or hydrated oocytes in any of the fish collected. This suggests a daily spawning synchronicity toward midnight. To estimate the spawning frequency (S), the female reproductive state was classified into four criteria based on the degenerative stage of the POFs and the developmental stage of the oocytes. To stage the POFs according to age and determine the stage duration, ovaries from S. japonicus were induced to spawn in the laboratory and were sampled 0–72 h after ovulation at appropriate intervals. The average S, which is evaluated from four different indices, was 16.9%, corresponding to the average female chub mackerel spawned every 5.9 days (8.5 times) during the 50 days.  相似文献   

水稻与稻瘟病菌的蛋白质—细胞在体外的相互作用初步研究     

陶全洲  山口勇 《中国水稻科学》1994,8(3):169-176

在离体条件下,用蛋白质双向电泳技术分析水稻与稻瘟病菌在接触反应开始阶段的蛋白质变化情况,以寻找参与寄主与病原菌相互作用的蛋白质分子,结果表明在两个蛋白质与孢子或菌丝体混合后从电泳胶上消失,同时了出现了另外两个蛋白质,还没确定两个消失的蛋白质是被菌体细胞所吸附,还是由于被修饰而导致电泳行为改变。上述蛋白质在抗病和感病水稻品种中都存在,是组成型的,推测它们可能参与寄主与病原菌的接触反应,另外还发现,当悬浮培养的水稻细胞与稻瘟病菌的菌丝体蛋白质接触后会产生一些新的蛋白质分子,但孢子蛋白无此作用。由此推测水稻与稻瘟病菌的特异识别反应可能发生在孢子萌发之后和菌丝体阶段,以上结果在亲和与非亲和体系中相同。文中对此现象提出了初步解释,还介绍了一个在离体条件下研究寄主与病原菌的蛋白质-细胞相互作用的简单方法。  相似文献   

Salinity intrusion and rice production in Red River Delta under changing climate conditions     

Yen Thi Bich Nguyen  Akihiko Kamoshita  Van Thi Hai Dinh  Hirotaka Matsuda  Hisashi Kurokura 《Paddy and Water Environment》2017,15(1):37-48

This study was carried out to identify the vulnerability of rice production to salinity intrusion arising from climate change in Giao Thuy, a coastal district of Nam Dinh Province, located in Red River Delta in Vietnam. From the analysis of historical climate data at Nam Dinh city, both mean maximum and minimum temperatures increased by about 0.3 and 0.1 °C per decade, respectively, during the period of 1961–2010. Salt concentration of the river water was higher at the irrigation gate closer to river mouth (Con Nhat) than at the upstream gate (Ha Mieu), which generally increased from 2003 to 2012, with the average maximum concentration up to 2.13 % at Con Nhat gate in 2010. The salt water concentration in the riverside field outside the dyke reached 3.6 %, while among the fields within dyke the salinity was only 0.7 % at maximum in January 2013, and the values were higher in paddy fields close to the dyke than far from the dyke. Average yield among the selected 27 fields from 2011 summer to 2013 spring rice was higher in spring rice (748 g m^?2) but lower in summer rice (417 g m^?2) mainly due to unfavorable weather such as cold spell at flowering and flood at harvesting time. Rice yield was lowest in general in the most downstream commune Giao Thien, and was significantly lower in field located close to the dyke than those far from the dyke. This spatial variability of rice yield may not be directly attributable to salinity, but to the other factors such as shift of irrigation intake gate to further upstream and/or different management such as less input of N fertilizer and use of traditional local variety.  相似文献   

Purification and characterization of glycerolipid acyl-hydrolase from the red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla     

Muhammad I Illijas  Masaru Terasaki  Ryo Nakamura  Noriaki Iijima  Akihiko Hara  Nobuhiro Fusetani  Yutaka Itabashi 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(3):670-676

ABSTRACT:   A glycerolipid acyl-hydrolase was purified 19-fold with a yield of 11% from the prostaglandin-producing red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion-exchange chromatoraphy and gel filtration chromatography. Sodium dodecylsulfate– polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the final preparation showed a single band corresponding to a molecular mass of 20 kDa, but Superdex 200 fast protein liquid chromatography exhibited a molecular mass of 40 kDa. Accordingly, it was suggested that the purified enzyme was a homodimer of a 20 kDa subunit. The optimal temperature and pH were 37°C and 7–8, respectively. The purified enzyme catalyzed hydrolysis of the acyl groups of both glycoglycerolipids and phospholipids, especially monogalactosyldiacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. These results suggest that the enzyme hydrolyze the membrane lipids of the alga to release various saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic acid as substrate for prostaglandin synthesis.  相似文献   

Purification and characterization of lipovitellin from Pacific saury Cololabis saira     

Haruna Amano  Makiko Kitamura  Toshiaki Fujita  Naoshi Hiramatsu  Takashi Todo  Satoshi Suyama  Akihiko Hara 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(4):830-836

ABSTRACT:   Lipovitellin (Lv), the major yolk protein derived from vitellogenin (Vg), was purified from vitellogenic ovaries of Pacific saury Cololabis saira using hydroxylapatite column chromatography followed by gel filtration. The apparent native mass of purified Lv was approximately 420 kDa, while the tertiary structure of Lv revealed by sodium dodecylsulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was typical of teleost Lvs, consisting of a heavy chain (∼99 kDa) and a light chain (∼34 kDa). Western blot analysis using rabbit antiserum raised against Pacific saury Lv revealed a specific reaction with a polypeptide (∼194 kDa) that is present in serum from female Pacific saury but not in male serum, suggesting the approximately 194-kDa polypeptide to be the Vg monomer. This study describes the first step toward the development of specific immunoassays for Pacific saury Vg, which will be an effective tool for monitoring the reproductive development of this species.  相似文献   

Time course of final oocyte maturation and ovulation in chub mackerel <Emphasis Type="Italic">Scomber japonicus</Emphasis> induced by hCG and GnRHa     

Tetsuro Shiraishi  Suvarna D Ketkar  Hajime Kitano  Mitsuo Nyuji  Akihiko Yamaguchi  Michiya Matsuyama 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(4):764-769

Abstract:   The question of whether the ovulation and spawning time in chub mackerel Scomber japonicus is entrained by a circadian rhythm was raised by our previous experiments. Further questions were also raised about whether the time course of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-induced final oocyte maturation (FOM) and ovulation reflected the natural time course induced by endogeneous pituitary gonadotropin (GtH). To address these questions, hCG and gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) were administered at two 'opposite' times, 14:00 and 02:00 hours, and the time courses of FOM and ovulation were compared. When hCG was injected, ovulation occurred 33 h post-injection in both groups, regardless of the timing of the hCG injection. The timing of ovulation in chub mackerel depends on the timing of hCG injection, but apparently not on circadian rhythms. When GnRHa was injected, ovulation began at 36 h post-injection of GnRHa, regardless of the timing of injection. These results indicate that the time course of FOM and ovulation in the chub mackerel followed a similar pattern whether stimulated by hCG injection or spontaneous luteinizing hormone (LH) surge because GnRHa induces the secretion of endogenous GtH (primarily LH) from the fish pituitary. Thus, it is concluded that the time course of hCG-induced FOM and ovulation in chub mackerel follows the natural time course induced by endogenous pituitary LH.  相似文献   

Production of Hexaploid Wheats with Waxy Endosperm Character     

C. Kiribuchi-Otobe  T. Nagamine  T. Yanagisawa  M. Ohnishi  I. Yamaguchi 《Cereal Chemistry》1997,74(1):72-74

In our wheat breeding program to introduce the low amylose character of Tanikei A6099 to elite lines, five waxy lines were unexpectedly obtained from 249 doubled haploid lines of the F₁ hybrid of Saikai 168 × Tanikei A6099. The amylose content of all the waxy lines was <1% and the blue value was <0.1. Starch granule-bound proteins were extracted and subjected to modified sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The waxy lines lacked the Wx protein. Starch paste viscosity measurements gave pasting profiles of waxy wheat starch that were quite different from those of nonwaxy wheats but similar to those of waxy maize. However, the peak viscosity of waxy wheats was much higher than that of the waxy maize.  相似文献