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61.
Keishi Senoo Maki Kaneko Rikako Taguchi Jun Murata Choochad Santasup Akiyoshi Tanaka 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):251-259
Volcanic ash soil, which is widely distributed in Japan, contains a large amount of well-structured soil aggregates. By using these aggregates as carrier materials, we prepared (brady)rhizobial inoculants for red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and soybean (Glycine max). Autoclaved soil aggregates were inoculated with Rhizobium tropici CIATS99R or Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110R, incubated for 15 or 21 d at 30°C, slowly air-dried at 20°C to prepare the aggregate-based inoculants, and stored at various temperatures. The populations of CIATS99R and USDA110R in the aggregate-based inoculants were maintained during several months of storage at 20°C. When the aggregate-based inoculants were mixed with soil, CIATS99R and USDA110R cells showed a remarkably improved survival in soils compared with those mixed with soil without carrier material. The effect of the aggregate-based inoculants on the growth of red kidney bean and soybean was examined in pot experiments. By placing a small amount of the inoculant just beneath the seeds at the time of sowing, plant growth was significantly enhanced compared with the use of traditional peat-based inoculant. In addition, nodule formation on the upper part of soybean roots and nodule occupancy by the inoculated strain were remarkably enhanced by the aggregate-based inoculant. It is suggested that soil aggregates might be suitable carrier materials for preparing cheap and effective (brady)rhizobial inoculants. 相似文献
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Hirotaka UNNO Mika INADA Akiyoshi NAKAMURA Michie HASHIMOTO Keiko ITO Koji HASHIMOTO Masaru NIKAIDO Tomohito HAYASHI Eiji HATA Ken KATSUDA Yoshio KIKU Yuichi TAGAWA Kazuhiro KAWAI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(8):1007-1009
A rapid and efficient DNA extraction method was developed for detecting mastitis pathogens in milk. The first critical step involved cell wall disruption by bead-beating, as physical disruption using beads was more effective for DNA extraction from Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, than enzymatic disruption using proteinase K. The second critical step involves the use of acetic acid and ammonium sulfate in the purification process, as these reagents effectively and efficiently remove the lipids and proteins in milk. Using these methods, DNA suitable for loop-mediated isothermal amplification was obtained within 30 min. Also, the rapid and sensitive detection of S. aureus in milk was possible at levels as low as 200 cfu/ml. 相似文献
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Toshiyuki Tanaka Yusuke Wada Shunsuke Noguchi Hidetaka Nishida Hideo Akiyoshi 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2023,64(2):262-270
Pyloric outflow obstructions can be caused by several types of lesions. When a thickened gastric wall and pyloric mass are detected, malignant neoplasia must be differentiated from chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy. CT can characterize gastric tumors. However, based on the authors’ review of the literature, there is limited information about the CT findings of pyloric lesions. The purpose of this retrospective case series study was to assess the CT findings of canine pyloric lesions. The following CT parameters were recorded: anatomical area, involved area, lesion shape, growth patterns of wall thickening lesions, enhancement pattern of the lesion in the early and delayed phases, lymphomegaly, and pulmonary metastasis. Seventeen dogs were included in this study and had the following final diagnoses: hyperplasia (five dogs), adenoma (five dogs), adenocarcinoma (three dogs), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST; two dogs), polyposis (one dog), and pyogenic granuloma (one dog). Hyperplasia, adenoma, and polyposis formed mass lesions that involved the mucosal layer. Lymphomegaly was detected in two Jack Russell terriers with hyperplasia; however, the causes were unknown because we did not perform biopsies. All adenocarcinomas formed wall-thickened lesion that involved the outer layer, with lymphomegaly. All GISTs formed mass lesion that involved the outer layer. The pyogenic granulomas formed symmetric wall-thickened lesion that involved the mucosal and outer layers. CT facilitated the characterization of canine pyloric lesions using contrast enhancement, based on the involved area and lesion shape. However, polyposis may require caution in diagnosis based on CT findings alone. 相似文献
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Son SW Polvani LM Waugh DW Akiyoshi H Garcia R Kinnison D Pawson S Rozanov E Shepherd TG Shibata K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5882):1486-1489
In the past several decades, the tropospheric westerly winds in the Southern Hemisphere have been observed to accelerate on the poleward side of the surface wind maximum. This has been attributed to the combined anthropogenic effects of increasing greenhouse gases and decreasing stratospheric ozone and is predicted to continue by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change/Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC/AR4) models. In this paper, the predictions of the Chemistry-Climate Model Validation (CCMVal) models are examined: Unlike the AR4 models, the CCMVal models have a fully interactive stratospheric chemistry. Owing to the expected disappearance of the ozone hole in the first half of the 21st century, the CCMVal models predict that the tropospheric westerlies in Southern Hemisphere summer will be decelerated, on the poleward side, in contrast with the prediction of most IPCC/AR4 models. 相似文献
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Hiroki Yamazaki Hiroshi Sasai Miyuu Tanaka Toshiyuki Tanaka Hidetaka Nishida Shunsuke Noguchi Mitsuru Kuwamura Hideo Akiyoshi 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2021,19(1):123-131
This study aimed to determine a reliable therapeutic biomarker for localized small intestinal lymphoma (SIL) in dogs based on clinical and histopathological features. We retrospectively investigated 84 dogs with localized SIL, including 36 dogs receiving surgery and 48 dogs receiving chemotherapy. The dogs receiving surgery were divided into two subgroups: 18 dogs (group 1) with overall survival (OS) <120 days (median OS) and 18 dogs (group 2) with OS ≥120 days. Correspondingly, the dogs receiving chemotherapy were divided into 24 dogs (group 3) with OS <98 days (median OS) and 24 dogs (group 4) with OS ≥98 days. Clinical, haematological, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were comparatively evaluated among the four subgroups. There was no significant difference in OS between the surgery and chemotherapy groups. In dogs receiving surgery, the rate of Ki67‐positive cells was significantly increased in group 1 compared to group 2 and showed no significant difference between groups 3 and 4. In dogs receiving chemotherapy, the rate of O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) was significantly higher in group 3 than in group 4 and showed no significant difference between groups 1 and 2. Additionally, our data showed that OS in dogs with higher Ki67 expression might be significantly increased by chemotherapy than by surgery, that of those with higher MGMT expression might be significantly increased by surgery than by chemotherapy, and Ki67 and MGMT were independent of each other. Indices of Ki67 and MGMT are suggested therapeutic biomarkers to determine the optimal first‐line treatment for localized SIL in dogs. 相似文献
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Masafumi Amano Kataaki Okubo Takeshi Yamanome Yoshitaka Oka Shoji Kitamura Kazumasa Ikuta Akiyoshi Takahashi Katsumi Aida Kunio Yamamori 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2003,28(1-4):19-22
Multiple forms of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) exist in teleost fish. A salmonid fish, masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou has salmon GnRH (sGnRH) and chicken GnRH-II (cGnRH-II). sGnRH neurons were scattered from the olfactory nerve through the ventral telencephalon (VT) and the preoptic area (POA). sGnRH but not cGnRH-II was detected in the pituitary. sGnRH mRNA levels in the VT and the POA increased during gonadal maturation, suggesting that sGnRH neurons in these areas are involved in gonadal maturation. sGnRH neurons were first detected in a cluster near the olfactory epithelium 40 days after fertilization. sGnRH neurons were not detected in the brain by the olfactory epithelia lesion, suggesting that sGnRH neurons are derived from the olfactory epithelium. A pleuronectiform fish, barfin flounder Verasper moseri has sGnRH, cGnRH-II and seabream GnRH (sbGnRH). sGnRH and cGnRH-II-immunoreactive fibers were observed throughout the brain, but not in the pituitary. sbGnRH neurons were located in the POA and sent fibers to the pituitary, indicating that sbGnRH is involved in GTH secretion. Judging from the location of neuronal somata and their projections, it is indicated that three GnRH systems exist in the barfin flounder; the TN-, the MT- and the POA-GnRH system. However, in masu salmon, clear anatomical identification of the TN- and the POA-GnRH system is difficult, because the GnRH neurons located in the ventral forebrain are consecutive and the GnRH form produced in these neurons is the same (sGnRH). Thus, it is suggested in masu salmon that sGnRH neurons are derived from the olfactory epithelium, migrate into the brain and play different roles according to the location in the brain. 相似文献
68.
Yamaguchi Daigo Kasagi Satoshi Shimizu Daisuke Maeda Tomoki Takahashi Akiyoshi Mizusawa Kanta 《Fisheries Science》2022,88(3):411-418
In teleosts, melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) induces body brightening. On the other hand, α-melanophore-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), derived from the precursor proopiomelanocortin (POMC), leads to body darkening. In many teleosts, the expression level of pmch is high in light backgrounds, while that of pomc is low in dark backgrounds. In the present study, we investigated the ability of spotted halibut Verasper variegatus to regulate body coloration. Intraperitoneal administration of MCH resulted in a dose-dependent brightening of body color. The body color and brain contents of pmch1 and pmch2 in spotted halibut acclimated to the black or white background were not almost affected by background color. In addition, pituitary mRNA levels of pomc-a, pomc-b, and pomc-c genes in fish acclimated to the white background often exceed those levels of fish kept under the black background. These results suggest that the weak response of expression levels of pmch genes in response to background color is a factor in the blunt ability of spotted halibut to regulate body color. The different profiles of pomc gene expression to background color compared to that reported in other teleosts may be another factor for the weak ability of body color change in the spotted halibut.
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