Tiliroside and gnaphaliin inhibit human low density lipoprotein oxidation     

Schinella GR  Tournier HA  Máñez S  de Buschiazzo PM  Del Carmen Recio M  Ríos JL 《Fitoterapia》2007,78(1):1-6

Two flavonoids, gnaphaliin and tiliroside, isolated from Helichrysum italicum, were studied in vitro for their capacity to inhibit Cu(2+)-induced human low density lipoprotein (LDL) and diluted plasma oxidation. LDL oxidation was monitored by conjugated diene, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) formation and electrophoretic mobility on agarose gel. Gnaphaliin and tiliroside increased the lag-phase for diene conjugate production in a dose-dependent manner. The reduction of TBARS production confirmed the antioxidant activity of gnaphaliin and tiliroside with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) values of 8.0+/-3.9 microM and 7.0+/-2.6 microM respectively. Furthermore, the flavonoids negated the Cu(2+)-induced increase in electrophoretic mobility of LDL. Antioxidant activity of gnaphaliin and tiliroside was significantly different when diluted plasma was oxidised by adding 1 mM CuSO(4). Although both flavonoids again reduced the TBARS production, tiliroside showed higher activity than gnaphaliin (IC(50)=10.6+/-2.5 microM vs. IC(50)>50 microM). In conclusion, tiliroside and gnaphaliin are antioxidants against in vitro Cu(2+)-induced LDL oxidation in the same order of magnitude compared to that of the reference drug, probucol.  相似文献   

GH,IGF-I and GH receptors mRNA expression in response to growth impairment following a food deprivation period in individually housed cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus     

Tomás Horacio Delgadin  Daniela Irina Pérez Sirkin  María Paula Di Yorio  Silvia Eda Arranz  Paula Gabriela Vissio 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2015,41(1):51-60

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Relation between lipid and fatty acid composition of eggs and larval survival in white pacific shrimp (Penaeus vannamei, Boone, 1931)     

Elena Palacios  Ilie S. Racotta  Horacio Heras  Yanic Marty  Jeanne Moal  Jean-François Samain 《Aquaculture International》2002,9(6):531-543

In this study, lipid classes and fatty acid composition were determinedin eggs of P. vannamei as a function of survival to zoeaIII stage. Spawns were reared individually to zoea III and grouped, accordingtotheir final survival to this larval stage, into spawns of high and lowsurvival.Eggs of individual spawns were analyzed for lipid and fatty acid composition ofneutral and polar lipids and the results were then grouped according tosurvivalto zoea III. The lipids within each group (high and low survival to zoea III)were pooled for the separation of phospholipids and the analysis of their fattyacid composition.Higher levels of triglycerides, carotenoids, and linoleic (18:2n-6) acid ineggs were associated with improved survival to zoea III. Linoleic acid washigher in spawns from the high survival group in both neutral and polarfractions and in most of the phospholipid classes analyzed. Docosahexanoic acid(DHA) was not related to survival to zoea, probably because its content washighenough (> 15% of total fatty acids) to satisfy embryo and early larvaldevelopment needs. A high content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was found inphosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, andphosphatidylinositol compared to other phospholipid classes, suggesting aspecific role of EPA in these lipids. These results describe the specificphospholipid composition of penaeid eggs and could (potentially) be used aspredictive indicators of larval quality for research and production purposes.  相似文献   

Heritability for body weight at harvest size in the Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei, from a multi-environment experiment using univariate and multivariate animal models     

Héctor Castillo-Juárez  Juan Carlos Quintana Casares  Cesáreo Cabrera Villela  Hugo Horacio Montaldo 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2007,273(1):42-49

To estimate family BLUP breeding values and the heritability of body weight at harvest size (BW) in the Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei, an experiment was conduced using information from two farm units of a Mexican hatchery and two shrimp population densities at each location. Data consisted of 12,658 shrimps that were siblings from 48 sires and 77 dams with a nested dam-sire structure. Shrimps were individually weighed at an average age of 130 days post-hatching. BW phenotypic mean (S.D.) was 18.2 (2.4) g, with values ranging from 8.4 to 30.0 g. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate models that considered BW within location by density pond environment as a different trait and included or not a common full-sib effect (c). The multivariate animal model included fixed effects of days from hatching and sex. For univariate models that included c effects, BW heritability (S.E.) estimates ranged from 0.24 (0.14) to 0.35 (0.18) across environments (heritability was zero in one environment). For multivariate models (excluding the environment with zero heritability) the heritabilities increased and ranged from 0.37 (0.06) to 0.45 (0.09). Standard errors of heritabilities and c effects were both drastically reduced in the multivariate analysis. Pairwise genetic correlations between environments were from 0.80 (0.08) to 0.86 (0.04). These differences may be indicative of genotype-environment interaction for BW at 130 days post-hatching. Statistical problems found to separate c from additive genetic effects both in univariate models were reduced using multivariate models. Correlation between family raw phenotypic means and family BV means from the multivariate analysis was 0.93 indicating a rather low risk of miss selecting superior families if BLUP solutions were neglected using replicated environment data. It is also concluded that use of incorrect statistical models or unreplicated data may lead to biased or inaccurate estimates of genetic parameters in shrimp breeding programs.  相似文献   

Primary inoculum of Erwinia amylovora: alternative sources and viable but non-culturable state: A review     

de la Peña-Baca  Daniel Alejandro  Romo-Chacón  Alejandro  Rios-Velasco  Claudio  Olivas-Orozco  Guadalupe Isela  Ornelas-Paz  José de Jesús  Acosta-Muñiz  Carlos Horacio 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2023,130(1):143-155

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Fire blight is a complex and devastating plant disease caused by the necrotrophic bacterium Erwinia amylovora. One of the main factors that determine the...  相似文献   

Cooked Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) Protect Against β-cell Damage in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats     

Diego Hernández-Saavedra  Magdalena Mendoza-Sánchez  Hebert L. Hernández-Montiel  Horacio S. Guzmán-Maldonado  Guadalupe F. Loarca-Piña  Luis M. Salgado  Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2013,68(2):207-212

Diabetes is a disease characterized by a hyperglycemic stage that leads to a chronic inflammatory state. We evaluated the in vivo effect of a diet supplemented with 25 % cooked black bean cultivar Negro 8025 (N8025) flour in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The effect was assessed before (preventive-treatment) and after (treatment) the onset of diabetes. There is a significant decrease of total phenolic, tannins and anthocyanins content after cooking, and the concentration of most of the single phenols analyzed are only slightly decreased. The treatment group showed a significant reduction of glucose (22.8 %), triglycerides (21.9 %), total cholesterol (29.9 %) and LDL (56.1 %) that correlates with a protection of pancreatic ß-cells. The diet with N8025 flour before the induction of diabetes did not exert a protective effect (glucose levels are similar to the diabetic control) but they have low levels of total cholesterol (47.5 %) and LDL (56.1 %). The preventive-treatment group did not inhibit the increase of TNF-α and IL-1β, whereas the treatment group did, compared to the diabetic control. Therefore, N8025 bean supplementation can be recommended to control diabetes.  相似文献   

Effects of Level and Degradability of Rapeseed Meal in Rations for Dairy Cows. 1. Animal Performance     

Jan Bertilsson  Horacio Leandro Gonda  Jan Erik Lindberg 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(4):222-229

Abstract

A total of 44 dairy cows of the Swedish Red and White dual-purpose breed were divided into 4 equal groups. Two groups were fed concentrate containing approximately 19% crude protein (high level), while two groups were fed concentrate containing 14.3% crude protein (low level). The differences were obtained by mixing either 25 or 8% 00-rapeseed meal into a basic grain-dominated mixture. Within each protein level, one half of the cows were allotted untreated rapeseed meal and the other half heat-treated rapeseed meal. The heat treatment decreased the effective protein degradability of the rapeseed meal by 20 units from 72 to 52%.

The experiment was commenced as a continuous experiment, where weeks 1–3 of the lactation were a preliminary period in which all cows received the same feeding. The experimental period covered lactation weeks 4–20. When the experiment was analysed, the results from the preliminary period were used as covariates.

Significant treatment effects were reached both for level and degradability. This was mainly due to a significantly lower milk and protein production on the treatment URM - low protein level. This treatment also reached a significantly lower feed energy utilization and a higher fat percentage in milk. It was concluded that evaluating the protein according to the new Nordic AAT/PBV system correlated better to milk production than did crude protein or digestible crude protein.

By using the AAT-PBV system it was possible to minimize the crude protein content in the concentrate without impairing milk production. A general conclusion is that there are benefits in the form of higher milk production and better feed utilization from decreasing protein degradability in rapeseed meal.  相似文献   

Occurrence and distribution study of residues from pesticides applied under controlled conditions in the field during rice processing   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Pareja L  Colazzo M  Pérez-Parada A  Besil N  Heinzen H  Böcking B  Cesio V  Fernández-Alba AR 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(18):4440-4448

The results of an experiment to study the occurrence and distribution of pesticide residues during rice cropping and processing are reported. Four herbicides, nine fungicides, and two insecticides (azoxystrobin, byspiribac-sodium, carbendazim, clomazone, difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, isoprothiolane, kresoxim-methyl, propanil, quinclorac, tebuconazole, thiamethoxam, tricyclazole, trifloxystrobin, λ-cyhalotrin) were applied to an isolated rice-crop plot under controlled conditions, during the 2009-2010 cropping season in Uruguay. Paddy rice was harvested and industrially processed to brown rice, white rice, and rice bran, which were analyzed for pesticide residues using the original QuEChERS methodology and its citrate variation by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS. The distribution of pesticide residues was uneven among the different matrices. Ten different pesticide residues were found in paddy rice, seven in brown rice, and eight in rice bran. The highest concentrations were detected in paddy rice. These results provide information regarding the fate of pesticides in the rice food chain and its safety for consumers.  相似文献   

Assessing water use and soil water balance of planted native tree species under strong water limitations in Northern Chile     

Horacio E. Bown  Juan Pablo Fuentes  Amanda M. Martínez 《New Forests》2018,49(6):871-892

Some forest plantations with native species are established in semiarid central Chile to compensate for industrial activities such as those of mining. Two of those operational forest plantations were monitored from age 1 to 3 years-old (2014–2016). Some plant attributes and soil volumetric water content (VWC) were monitored for eight native tree species (Acacia caven, Schinus polygamus, Porlieria chilensis, Lithraea caustica, Quillaja saponaria, Cryptocarya alba, Drimys winteri and Maytenus boaria), and a water balance model fitted to assess plant water use. Site preparation comprised planting holes of 40 cm?×?40 cm by 50 cm in depth dug with a backhoe. Substrate was removed and mixed with compost in proportion 70:30 before mixing it in the planting hole. Planting holes acted as water reservoirs over the study period with soil VWC generally increasing with soil depth being also less variable deeper than in the upper soil layers. The ratio of adaxial (upper leaf side) to abaxial (lower leaf side) stomatal conductance approximately followed a species gradient from xeric to mesic. Irrigation represented about 26% and 53% of the total water input for the sclerophyll and the D. winteri plantation, respectively. At the plant level (0.4?×?0.4 m), soil evaporation and transpiration of D. winteri (273 and 232 mm year^?1, equivalent to 43.7 and 37.1 L plant^?1, respectively) were about twofold the values for the sclerophyllous/malacophyllous plantation (138 and 128 mm year^?1, 22.1 and 20.5 L plant^?1, respectively). We suggest the water budget for the sclerophyll/malacophyllous plantation was tight but feasible to be adjusted while for D. winteri irrigation was excessive, could be drastically reduced, and suppressed altogether if planted in gullies. We believe water balance models and soil moisture content sensors could be used to better plan and manage irrigation frequency and amounts in compensation forest plantations in semiarid central Chile.  相似文献   

Sequencing of Culex quinquefasciatus establishes a platform for mosquito comparative genomics     

Arensburger P  Megy K  Waterhouse RM  Abrudan J  Amedeo P  Antelo B  Bartholomay L  Bidwell S  Caler E  Camara F  Campbell CL  Campbell KS  Casola C  Castro MT  Chandramouliswaran I  Chapman SB  Christley S  Costas J  Eisenstadt E  Feschotte C  Fraser-Liggett C  Guigo R  Haas B  Hammond M  Hansson BS  Hemingway J  Hill SR  Howarth C  Ignell R  Kennedy RC  Kodira CD  Lobo NF  Mao C  Mayhew G  Michel K  Mori A  Liu N  Naveira H  Nene V  Nguyen N  Pearson MD  Pritham EJ  Puiu D  Qi Y  Ranson H  Ribeiro JM  Roberston HM  Severson DW  Shumway M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6000):86-88

Culex quinquefasciatus (the southern house mosquito) is an important mosquito vector of viruses such as West Nile virus and St. Louis encephalitis virus, as well as of nematodes that cause lymphatic filariasis. C. quinquefasciatus is one species within the Culex pipiens species complex and can be found throughout tropical and temperate climates of the world. The ability of C. quinquefasciatus to take blood meals from birds, livestock, and humans contributes to its ability to vector pathogens between species. Here, we describe the genomic sequence of C. quinquefasciatus: Its repertoire of 18,883 protein-coding genes is 22% larger than that of Aedes aegypti and 52% larger than that of Anopheles gambiae with multiple gene-family expansions, including olfactory and gustatory receptors, salivary gland genes, and genes associated with xenobiotic detoxification.  相似文献