Experimental evidence for competitive growth advantage of genotype VII over VI: implications for foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A genotype turnover in nature     

Mohapatra JK  Subramaniam S  Singh NK  Sanyal A  Pattnaik B 《Research in veterinary science》2012,92(2):317-319

In India, systematic genotype replacement has been observed for serotype A foot-and-mouth disease virus. After a decade of co-circulation of genotypes VI and VII, genotype VII emerged as the single dominant genotype since 2001. To derive possible explanations for such epochal evolution dynamics, in vitro intergenotype growth competition experiments involving both co- and superinfection regimes were conducted. Coinfection of BHK-21 cells demonstrated abrupt loss in the genotype VI viral load with commensurate increase in the load of genotype VII as measured by the genotype differentiating ELISA, RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR. The superinfection dynamics was shaped by temporal spacing of infection, where the invading genotype VII took more number of passages than coinfection to eventually overtake the resident genotype VI. It was speculated that such superior replicative fitness of genotype VII could have been a possible factor for the ultimate dominance of genotype VII in nature.  相似文献   

Nanoassembly of a fractal polymer: a molecular "Sierpinski hexagonal gasket"     

Newkome GR  Wang P  Moorefield CN  Cho TJ  Mohapatra PP  Li S  Hwang SH  Lukoyanova O  Echegoyen L  Palagallo JA  Iancu V  Hla SW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5781):1782-1785

Mathematics and art converge in the fractal forms that also abound in nature. We used molecular self-assembly to create a synthetic, nanometer-scale, Sierpinski hexagonal gasket. This nondendritic, perfectly self-similar fractal macromolecule is composed of bis-terpyridine building blocks that are bound together by coordination to 36 Ru and 6 Fe ions to form a nearly planar array of increasingly larger hexagons around a hollow center.  相似文献   

Dietary Multispecies Probiotic Supplementation Enhances the Immunohematological Responses and Reduces Mortality by Aeromonas hydrophila in Labeo rohita Fingerlings     

Sipra Mohapatra  Tapas Chakraborty  Ashisa Kumar Prusty  Kurucheti Pani Prasad  Kedar Nath Mohanta 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2014,45(5):532-544

A study was conducted to determine the immunomodulatory effect of probiotic mixture on the nonspecific immune response and disease resistance of Labeo rohita. Fish were fed with six different test diets with or without probiotics, namely, T1 (basal feed [BF] without probiotics), T2 (BF + Bacillus subtilis [BS] + Lactococcus lactis [LL]), T3 (BF + LL + Saccharomyces cerevisiae [SC]), T4 (BF + BS + SC), T5 (BF + BS + LL + SC), and T6 (BF + heat‐killed bacteria of BS + LL + SC). During the prechallenge period, significantly higher (P < 0.01) nitroblue tetrazolium assay (NBT), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), globulin, and albumin content were recorded in the probiotic‐supplemented diet group. Feeding all the three probiotics significantly decreased (P < 0.01) the serum aspartate aminotransferases (AST), alanine aminotransferases (ALT), acid phosphatase (ACP), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and increased the myeloperoxidase (MPO) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) value. Significant difference in the NBT, Hb, serum albumin, and MPO was noticed in both prechallenged and postchallenged fish. Lowest survivability was recorded in the nonprobiotic fed group, followed by the group fed with heat‐killed probiotics, whereas the highest survivability was noticed in the group fed with all the three probiotics in live form. Thus, a probiotic mixture diet constituting of three probiotics in viable form is found to be optimum to enhance the immunity and postinfection survivability in L. rohita fingerlings.  相似文献   

Effect of 2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl) benzimidazole (HBB) 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IUD) and actinomycin D on replication of strains of bovine enterovirus     

N Nath  S Balaya  L N Mohapatra 《The Indian veterinary journal》1971,48(1):1-5

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Molecular fingerprinting of hybrids and assessment of genetic purity of hybrid seeds in rice using microsatellite markers   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

N. Nandakumar  A.K. Singh  R.K. Sharma  T. Mohapatra  K.V. Prabhu  F.U. Zaman 《Euphytica》2004,136(3):257-264

Microsatellite markers were used for fingerprinting of hybrids, assessing variation within parental lines and testing the genetic purity of hybrid seed lot in rice. Ten sequence tagged microsatellite sites (STMS) markers were employed for fingerprinting 11 rice hybrids and their parental lines. Nine STMS markers were found polymorphic across the hybrids and produced unique fingerprint for the 11 hybrids. A set of four markers (RM 206, RM 216, RM 258 and RM 263) differentiated all the hybrids from each other, which can be used as referral markers for unambiguous identification and protection of these hybrids. Cluster analysis based on Jaccard's similarity coefficient using UPGMA grouped the hybrids into three clusters. Within the cluster all the hybrids shared a common cytoplasmic male sterile line as female parent. The genetic similarity between the hybrids ranged from 0.33 to 0.92 with an average similarity index of 0.63. The analysis of plant-to-plant variation within the parental lines of the hybrid Pusa RH 10, using informative markers indicated residual heterozygosity at two marker loci. This highlights the importance of STMS markers in maintaining the genetic purity of the parental lines. The unique value of the restorer gene linked marker for testing the genetic purity of hybrid seeds is demonstrated for the first time.  相似文献   

A stable cytoplasmic male-sterile line of Brassica juncea carrying restructured organelle genomes from the somatic hybrid Trachystoma ballii+B. juncea   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

P. B. Kirti    T. Mohapatra    A. Baldev    S. Prakash  V. L. Chopra 《Plant Breeding》1995,114(5):434-438

A cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) line of Brassica juncea has been developed by combining the cytoplasm originating from the somatic hybrid Trachystoma ballii+B. juncea, and the nucleus of B. juncea cv. Pusa Bold by repeated backcrossing. Male-sterile plants closely resembled the normal fertile B. juncea in general morphology, but had delayed flowering (5–7 days) when compared with fertile ‘Pusa Bold’ which flowered in 45 days. Stamens of the male-sterile line were transformed into petaloid structures. Pollen abortion occurred after tetrad formation. Female fertility of the male-sterile line was normal. Molecular analysis of organelle genomes indicated extensive mitochondrial DNA recombinations in the CMS line. Preliminary analysis of the chloroplast genome of the CMS line also indicated chloroplast DNA recombination.  相似文献   

Haemagglutination by bovine enteroviruses     

N Nath  S Balaya  L N Mohapatra 《The Indian veterinary journal》1970,47(12):1038-1043

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Utilization of gelatinized carbohydrate in diets of Labeo rohita fry     

M. Mohapatra  N.P. Sahu  & A. Chaudhari 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2003,9(3):189-196

A total of 180 Labeo rohita fry (≈1 g) were distributed into six treatment groups with three replicates each. Six isoenergetic (15.8 kJ g^?1) diets were prepared with varying levels of protein (CP) and gelatinized carbohydrate (GC), viz. D₁: 450 g kg^?1 CP, 258 g kg^?1 GC; D₂: 400 g kg^?1 CP, 302 g kg^?1 GC; D₃: 350 g kg^?1 CP, 399 g kg^?1 GC; D₄: 301 g kg^?1 CP, 447 g kg^?1 GC; D₅: 249 g kg^?1 CP, 517 g kg^?1 GC and control diet, D₆: 400 g kg^?1 CP, 468 g kg^?1 GC and these were fed to fish at 40 g kg^?1 wet body weight per day for 60 days. Highest growth was recorded for fish fed D₄, decreasing for D₅. Protein utilization, amylase activity and carbohydrate digestibility were significantly positively correlated with GC (P < 0.05) and were highest in fish fed D₅. Hypertrophy of hepatic cells was only recorded for D₅. Lysine, which may be affected during gelatinization, was estimated in diets and found to be above the minimum level required. Survival rate was unaffected by diet. The results of the present study indicate that a diet containing 450 g kg^?1 GC and 300 g kg^?1 CP was efficiently utilized by L. rohita fry.  相似文献   

Purification of cattle oviduct specific proteins and their effect on in vitro embryo development     

S.K. Das  Aditya K. SharmaSushil K. Mohapatra  Vishu BhatiaA. Chatterjee  A.K. Mohanty 《Livestock Science》2013,152(1):88-93

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oviduct specific proteins as a media supplement for in vitro embryo development in cattle. The proteins were extracted from oviducts of cows and precipitated by ammonium sulfate (30%, 40%, 50% and 60%) followed by dialysis in 50 mM Tris–HCl (pH 7.0) buffer. The dialyzed proteins were fractionated into acidic, basic and neutral fractions using SP sephadex cation exchange and DEAE sephadex anion exchange column chromatography respectively. Cow oviduct specific proteins (cOSPs) constituting all the extracted proteins were used as media supplement in three different concentrations (10, 50 and 100 μg/ml) for in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture (IVMFC) of cow oocytes. Acidic, basic and neutral (unbound) fractions were also used as media supplement in three different concentrations (10, 30 and 50 μg/ml) for IVMFC. Cumulus oocytes complexes were collected from slaughterhouse ovaries, washed thoroughly and cultured in maturation media for 24 h in 5% CO₂ at 38.5 °C with maximum humidity. In vitro matured oocytes were co-incubated with in vitro capacitated sperm in Fert-BO media at 38.5 °C for 18 h in 5% CO₂. The fertilized oocytes were washed and cultured in embryo development media for cleavage. After 40–42 h cleavage was observed and embryos were put in the replacement media for further development. The cleavage rates (%) for cOSPs were observed as 68.24±2.46, 69.28±2.05, 61.77±0.93 and 42.62±1.31 at concentrations of 0, 10, 50 and 100 μg/ml respectively. Rates of blastocyst stage development were 14.49±3.61, 21.17±2.77, 14.66±1.06 and 11.98±1.84. These results indicate that addition of cOSP at10 μg/ml increased blastocyst formation as compared to other concentrations (0, 50 and 100 μg/ml). Although acidic, basic and neutral fractions seemed to have no major effect on cleavage rate, but both acidic and neutral fraction of oviduct specific proteins improved the cleavage rate at 30 μg/ml concentration and basic fraction improved the blastocyst formation at 10 μg/ml concentration.  相似文献   

Effects of stocking density of Labeo rohita on survival, growth and production in cages     

D. N. Chattopadhyay  B. C. Mohapatra  S. Adhikari  K. C. Pani  J. K. Jena  A. E. Eknath 《Aquaculture International》2013,21(1):19-29

Labeo rohita (139.92 ± 0.76 mm/24.33 ± 0.45 g) was reared for 92 days in floating square cages (10 m² area, 1.5 m height) in a pond (2 ha) at six stocking densities (5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 fish m^?2) each with 3 replicates. Fish were fed daily once in the morning with rice polish and groundnut oil cake (1:1) in dough form at 3 % of the total body weight. Survival ranged from 96 to 100 % in different stocking densities. Final average body weight, average body weight gain, mean daily body weight gain and SGR decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing stocking density. Conversely, final biomass, biomass gain and FCR increased (P < 0.05) with increasing stocking density. The highest growth rate of fish could be achieved up to 60 days at 5 fish m^?2 and 92 days at other densities. The reduced growth rate at 10–25 fish m^?2 for 60 days of culture indicated that stress is related to size and density of the fish, suggesting that utmost care is required to reduce the stress at high densities. Maximum production and profit was observed at the highest stocking density. Non-lethal levels of water and soil qualities at different sites (cage premises, and 20 and 200 m away from cage area) suggested that cage aquaculture could be done safely covering 0.9 % of pond area. Production of advanced fingerlings in cages was found a viable alternative to their culture in pond.  相似文献