Biotreatment of Melanoidin-Containing Distillery Spent Wash Effluent by Free and Immobilized Aspergillus oryzae MTCC 7691     

M. N. Chavan  N. D. Dandi  M. V. Kulkarni  A. B. Chaudhari 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2013,224(11):1-10

Humic acids (HA) are known as the precursors of carcinogenic compounds formed by the disinfection of drinking water. While conventional treatments were found to be inefficient HA removal processes in drinking water, advanced oxidation processes have been proven to have a significant effect in the treatment of HA. The degradation of HA was investigated using nano-sized zinc oxide (ZnO)/laponite composite (NZLC). The reactions occurred in a UVC reactor by considering following variables: pH, initial HA concentration, catalyst loading, addition of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and catalyst reuse. Water samples containing HA were analysed by ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometer and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography. Initial HA concentrations were tested by the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model with k and K _ads values, determined to be 0.126 mg/L.min and 0.0257 L/mg, respectively. The change in pH affected the HA degradation efficiency by the photocatalytic activity where it was higher under acidic conditions rather than alkaline ones. Optimal catalyst loading was proved to be a constrained factor in influencing the photocatalytic efficiency: the increase of catalyst concentration enhanced the HA decomposition efficiency up to an optimum value of 20 g/L, where there was no further degradation with excess loading. The addition of H₂O₂ was investigated through homogenous and heterogeneous photocatalysis, and, heterogeneous photocatalysis showed higher removal efficiency due to the combined effect of both catalysts and H₂O₂. Finally, NZLC was effective for reuse and exhibited an excellent stability after six times of usage.  相似文献   

A note on successful treatment of unusual equine ringworm due to Trichophyton Tonsurans var sulfureum     

M P Kulkarni  P G Chaudhari 《The Indian veterinary journal》1969,46(5):444-446

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Sulphur and Micronutrient Nutrition of Groundnut in a Calcareous Soil     

A. L. Singh  V. Chaudhari 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1997,179(2):107-114

Field experiments conducted on a calcareous soil have shown that application of elemental sulphur reduced the chlorosis of groundnut leaves and increased the dry matter, nodule biomass, pod, haulms, and oil yields, and concentration of nutrients in leaf tissue and their uptake by groundnut. The application of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) further helped in recovering the chlorosis of groundnut and increased the above parameters. On average, application of 20 kg S ha⁻¹ as elemental sulphur (S) increased pod yield by 8.6–9.8% and oil yield by 8.8–15%. However, application of 10, 2, and 4 kg ha⁻¹ of Fe, Zn and Mn, increased pods by 19.5, 13.6, and 11.7% and oil yield by 20.1, 13.9 and 12.2%, respectively.  相似文献   

The occurrence of pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes and antibodies against listeriolysin-O in buffaloes     

Barbuddhe SB  Chaudhari SP  Malik SV 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2002,49(4):181-184

The occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes in meat and milk samples, and antilisteriolysin O (ALLO) antibodies in sera of buffaloes were studied. Isolation of the pathogen was attempted from the samples by selective enrichment in University of Vermont Medium and plating onto Dominguez-Rodriguez isolation agar. The pathogenicity of the isolates was tested by Christie, Atkins, Munch Petersen test and mouse inoculation test. Of 167 meat samples 2.4 and 10.17% were positive for L. monocytogenes and Listeria sp., respectively. Of the 64 milk samples 6.25 and 26.13% were positive for L. monocytogenes and Listeria sp., respectively. A total of 284 serum samples were tested by listeriolysin O (LLO)-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of which 25.35% were found to be seropositive. The culture positivity for L. monocytogenes and detection of ALLO did not show any agreement (kappa = 0.035). The prevalence of pathogenic L. monocytogenes in milk and meat and the occurrence of anti-LLO antibodies is of concern from the public health point of view.  相似文献   

Purification of vitellogenin from the air breathing catfish, Clarias gariepinus     

D. Manohar  G. Damodar Rao  G. Sreenivasulu  B. Senthilkumaran  Aparna Dutta Gupta 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2005,31(2-3):235-239

Vitellogenin (Vtg) is a female specific glycophospholipoprotein which can be induced both in male and female with estradiol and xeno-estrogens. The basic theme behind the purification of vitellogenin from the fish is to understand the evolutionary relationship and for the purification and characterization of the Vtg receptor. The male catfish, Clarias gariepinus was administrated with estradiol over a period of time for the synthesis of Vtg and the serum was collected. The Vtg was purified from the serum using a two step chromatographic technique. The serum was passed on to DEAE-ion exchange column and the protein was eluted using a salt gradient. The fractions containing the Vtg were pooled and passed onto a gel permeation chromatography column and the pure protein was obtained. The molecular weight is around 200 kDa on the SDS-PAGE and around 520 kDa on the native gel electrophoresis.  相似文献   

Estimation of Variability of Five Enzyme Systems Among Wild and Cultivated Species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Trifolium</Emphasis>     

D.?R.?MalaviyaEmail author  B.?Kumar  A.?K.?Roy  P.?Kaushal  Aparna?Tiwari 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2005,52(7):967-976

The genus Trifolium comprises of 290 annual and perennial species of which the species such as T. repens, T. hybridum, T. pratense, T. ambiguum, T. resupinatum, T. alexandrinum are economically important. Boundaries between species in many cases have been difficult to define because of wide range of diversity caused by primary polymorphism. Hence, inter- and intraspecies variation in Trifolium, for zymogram pattern of five enzyme system was made to work out estimate of variability for isozymic banding pattern and get an insight into the species relationship. A total of 25 species represented by 134 accessions were compared for 5 enzymes viz. peroxidase, esterase, superoxide dismutase, acid phosphatase, and glutamate oxalo acetate transaminase using starch gel electrophoresis. Forty-six types of zymograms for Est isozyme pattern were observed amounting to 4.38 estimate of variability. The estimates of variability revealed maximum variation in T. resupinatum (4.24) followed with 3.02 in T. nigrescens. Estimate of variability for superoxide dismutase ranged from 0.46 to 2.67 among species amounting to 1.08 total variability across species. A total of 28 types of glutamate oxalo acetate transaminase zymograms were observed accounting for 2.48 estimate of variability. All but one band attributed to an estimate of variability of 1.43 in the genus for ACP and 16 different types of ACP zymograms were noticed. Highest variation for ACP was observed in T. resupinatum (4.53). Estimate of variation for peroxidase was 4.83 and 51 types of zymogram were observed. The species differed markedly for zymograms. The species distributed both in temperate and tropical parts like T. resupinatum had more variability as compared to cultivated species like T. alexandrinum and T. pratense. The rich variability present among these species can provide good source of gene transfer from wild to cultivated species which otherwise have no specific zymogram and exhibit low variability. The species sharing zymogram pattern for one or more enzymes with cultivated species were considered to have affinity and can further be utilized in attempting interspecific hybridization.  相似文献   

Cell biology. In sex reversal, protein deterred by nuclear barrier     

Sreenivasan A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5653):2050

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Allergenicity Assessment of Genetically-modified Tobacco Expressing Salt Tolerance cbl Gene     

Alok Kumar Verma  Sandeep Kumar  Bhushan P. Chaudhari  Narendra Tuteja  Mukul Das  Premendra D. Dwivedi 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,69(3):209-215

It is mandatory to assess the allergenic potential of genetically modified (GM) crops before their commercialization. Recently, a transgene [Calcineurin B-like (CBL) protein] has been introduced into tobacco plant to make the crop salt resistance. Therefore, it was felt necessary to assess the allergenic potential of the cbl gene product, which was introduced and expressed in Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) plant and compared the allergenic effects with the wild-type (WT) counterpart. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that there was no significant sequence homology with known allergens. Also, no difference between the protein digestibility profiles of GM and WT tobacco was found. Rapid digestion of CBL protein (Mol Wt 35 kDa) by simulated gastric fluid (SGF) indicated reduced chances of this protein to induce allergenicity. In addition, BALB/c mice sensitized by intraperitoneal administration of WT and GM tobacco protein showed comparable levels of clinical score, specific IgE, IgG1, histamine level, similar effect on different organs as well as IgE binding proteins. These findings indicate that insertion of cbl gene in tobacco did not cause any additional allergic risk to consumer and the GM and native tobacco proteins behave similarly in both in vitro and in vivo situations even after genetic modification.  相似文献