森林生态蓄水功能的经济评价(个案研究:伊朗扎格罗斯森林)(英文)   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Zahra Mashayekhi  Mostafa Panahi  Mahmoud Karami  Shahram Khalighi  Arash Malekian 《林业研究》2010,21(3):293-300

森林生态服务直接或间接地造福人类。本文利用模拟模型和地理信息系统作为工具,分析生态因子对生态系统服务功能的作用,评估了伊朗西部扎格罗斯森林对Bazoft河流域水源保护的经济价值。应用HEC-HMS模型中的曲线数字法对降雨量-径流进行了模拟。该模型需要输入土地覆被、土壤、短期降雨和流出数据。用观测数据并分阶段校对对拟合模型的功效进行了修订。测定了森林在4种设定的土地覆盖方案中保水性和减少地表径流量的作用以及土地用途改变对该区降雨量-径流行为的影响。结果表明:方案一假定该流域全被森林覆盖,总的流出量将最小,降雨初期损失将增加。用重置成本法估算了森林水文功能之保水性经济价值。评估结果表明,每公顷Bazoft河流域的森林可以蓄存84.8立方米水,年产值0.5 US$/m3。因此,每公顷BazoR河流域的森林保水性经济评价值是43US$。说明覆被森林有利于该流域经济发展,该研究有助于决策者选择适当的、经济可行的发展策略。  相似文献   

An Invasive Shrimp Species,Machrobrachium nipponense,in Anzali Wetland Demonstrated a Potential Source for Commercial Fishing     

Fatemeh Lavajoo  Aliasghar Khanipour  Alireza Mirzajani  Arash Akbarzadeh 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(9):975-985

ABSTRACT

The proximate content, fatty acids composition, and nutritional quality index (NQI) of Macrobrachium nipponense at three habitats in the Anzali wetland in Iran were investigated as a potential source for human consumption. The highest amounts of protein, lipid, ash, and energy contents in muscle of M. nipponense were showed in autumn (non-reproductive season) (p < 0.05). The main monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were oleic acid (C18:1 n9 C, C18:1 ω9 T) and palmitoleic acid (C16:1). Moreover, the main polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n3), arachidonic acid (ARA, C20:4 n6), linoleic acid (LA, C18:2 ω6), and α-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3 n3). The predominant individual saturated fatty acid (SFA) was palmitic acid (0.07–13.4%), while oleic acid (14.7–26.3%), EPA (3.5–12.7%) and linoleic acid (0.04–14.9%) represented the most abundant individual MUFA and PUFA in M. nipponense. The highest mean value of EPA+DHA (14.0), n3/n6 (1.02), ΣMUFA/ΣSFA (1.05), ΣPUFA/ΣSFA (1.04), and EPA/DHA (3.8) ratios in M. nipponense was in autumn. The range of atherogenicity index (AI) and thrombogenicity index (TI) was much lower, from 0.42 to 0.6 and from 0.33 to 0.57, respectively, in terms of season. The results obtained in the present study show that M. nipponense is an excellent nutritional food source in the Anzali wetland.  相似文献   

Genetic variation of ten microsatellite loci in Makui sheep of Iran     

Adel Saberivand  Ghodratollah Mohammadi  Arash Javanmard 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(6):541-548

The native breeds, because of their natural selection against harsh environment and adaptation to regional conditions are important to resource-poor farmers and pastoralists. The molecular characterization of genetic variation is a fundamental step to manage and conserve indigenous breeds. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic variation of Makui sheep. Totally, 100 sheep (60 ewes, 10 ram and 30 lambs) were used in this study. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed using microsatellite primers BM1329, OarAE101, OarFCB11, OarFCB128, OarFCB129, OarFCB20, OarFCB304, OarFCB5, OarHH35 and OarHH55 in a standard 25 μl reaction. All microsatellite loci were amplified and produced minimum 2 and maximum 14 alleles ranging from 90 to 185 bp in size. The mean number of alleles for each locus was 6.8. Loci OarFCB128 and OarAE101 produced the highest (8.5288) and the lowest (1.0304) effective number of alleles, respectively. The mean expected heterozygosity for all loci was 0.6893 (range 0.0295–0.8837). The highest (2.12) and the lowest (0.07) Shanon Index was observed in OarFCB11 and OarAE101, respectively. Only two (OarFCB5 and OarAE101) out of ten loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The present study was able to demonstrate a reasonable genetic variation and polymorphism across all microsatellite loci studied in the Makui sheep.  相似文献   

Newsmaker interview. Iran's Alaei brothers to continue AIDS work after release from prison. Interview by Yudhijit Bhattacharjee     

Alaei A  Alaei K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6055):444

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Assessing environmental impacts of major vegetable crop production systems of East Azerbaijan province in Iran     

Arash Mohammadzadeh  Javad Vafabakhsh  Abdolmajid Mahdavi Damghani  Reza Deihimfard 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2018,64(7):967-982

In the present study, environmental effects of carrot, tomato, potato and onion production systems were evaluated using the quantitative indices of energy efficiency, global warming potential (GWP), economic indicators, pesticide risk (field environmental impact quotient – FEIQ), tillage impact (TI), fertilizer, land and water use efficiency, and the eco-efficiency index (ratio of gross production to environmental impact for GWP, FEIQ and TI). Data was collected from 110 farmers by survey to determine crop production in the region. The results showed that the energy index for the potato production system was the most efficient; however, the carrot production system was the best in terms of the economic and environmental indices of GWP, FEIQ and TI. For irrigation water productivity (IWP) and land production efficiency (LPE), the potato production system was superior. The carrot production system had the highest values for economic irrigation water productivity (EIWP), economic land production efficiency (ELPE) and phosphorous and potassium use efficiency. The tomato production system recorded the lowest nitrogen use and highest nitrogen use efficiency. It can be concluded that the onion production system was furthest from sustainability goals based on the aforesaid indices.  相似文献   

Compensatory growth,plasma hormones and metabolites in juvenile Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii,Brandt 1869) subjected to fasting and re‐feeding     

Ghasem Ashouri  Nasrollah Mahboobi‐Soofiani  Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar  Mansour Torfi‐Mozanzadeh  Amir Mani  Arash Khosravi  Oliana Carnevali 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(2):400-409

A 7‐week study was conducted to investigate the effect of different fasting and re‐feeding regimes on compensatory growth and some physiological parameters of juvenile Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii). Fish (46.5 ± 0.5 g) were fed on a diet (containing 450 g/kg crude protein and 20 MJ/kg digestible energy) according to four feeding regimes in triplicate including: control group (C, fed everyday), W1 (2 weeks of feeding followed by 1 week of fasting and 4 weeks of re‐feeding), W2 (1 week of feeding followed by 2 weeks of fasting and 4 weeks of re‐feeding) and W3 (3 weeks of fasting followed by 4 weeks of re‐feeding). The fasted groups including W1 (119.6 ± 2.1 g), W2 (118.0 ± 1.7 g) and W3 (108.5 ± 4.8) significantly lost their weights during fasting phase and did not attain the final weight of the C (137.3 ± 1.7 g) after re‐feeding phase. The re‐feeding phase increased the specific growth rate in the fasted groups compared to the C (p < .05). After the fasting phase, concentrations of T₃, T₄, glucose, total protein and triglyceride in plasma of fasted groups were decreased, but levels of total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase increased compared to the C. After re‐feeding phase, except for glucose level, all mentioned metabolites were restored in the plasma of W1 group, but total protein level and aspartate aminotransferase concentrations in plasma were not restored in W2 and W3 groups. Overall, our finding demonstrated 4 weeks of re‐feeding was too short to induce full compensatory growth in A. baerii juveniles.  相似文献