Effect of dietary protein content on live and carcase performance of heterozygous naked neck and normally feathered broilers     

S. Yalçin  S. Özkan  Z. Açikgöz  K. Özkan 《British poultry science》1996,37(5):963-969

1. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different dietary protein contents on the performance of naked neck (Na/na) and normally feathered (na/na) broilers.

2. Chicks from the two genotypes were reared in wire‐floored cages and divided at random into 3 groups. Birds were fed on high protein (HP, 12.99 MJ ME, 238 g crude protein/kg and 12.94 MJ ME, 216 g crude protein/kg from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks, respectively), medium protein (MP, 12.99 MJ ME, 219 g crude protein/kg and 12.87 MJ ME, 201 g crude protein/kg from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks), and low protein (LP, 12.94 MJ ME, 205 g crude protein/kg and 12.75 MJ ME, 184 g protein/kg from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks) diets.

3. The LP diets resulted in a significantly lower daily body weight gain of males from 0 to 3 weeks. Dietary protein content had no effect on body weight gain from 3 to 7 weeks, body weight at 7 weeks, and the food intake of birds. Carcase composition of birds from both genotypes was unaffected by dietary protein.

4. Naked neck birds had significandy higher body weights at 7 weeks. Yields of carcase and breast of Na/na males were significantly higher than those of na/na males. There were no significant differences between females from the two genotypes as regards carcase yield.

5. It was concluded that the dietary protein requirements of naked neck birds were similar to those for normally feathered birds.  相似文献   

Correct equations for comparing models in diallel analysis     

Wolf J  Vítek M  Herrendörfer G  Sumpf D 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》1994,111(1-6):209-212

SUMMARY: Correct equations are given to express the parameter estimates of four models for complete diallels as a function of the parameter estimates in the model of Eisen et al. (1983). In recent literature these equations have been partly incorrect. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Korrekte Gleichungen für den Vergleich von Modellen in der Diallelanalyse Für die Darstellung der Parametersch?tzwerte von vier Modellen für vollst?ndige Diallele als Funktion der Parametersch?tzwerte des Modells von Eisen et al. (1983), die in der Literatur teilweise fehlerhaft erfolgte, werden korrekte Formeln angegeben.  相似文献   

Fast trap jaws and giant neurons in the ant odontomachus     

Gronenberg W  Tautz J  Hölldobler B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1993,262(5133):561-563

Ants of the ponerine genus Odontomachus use a trap jaw mechanism when hunting fast prey. When particular trigger hairs, located on the inner edge of the mandibles, are touched by prey, the jaws close extremely rapidly and trap the target. This trap jaw response lasts only 0.33 to 1 millisecond. Electrophysiological recordings demonstrated that the trigger hairs function as mechanoreceptors. Associated with each trigger hair are large sensory cells, the sensory axons of which measure 15 to 20 micrometers in diameter. These are among the largest sensory neurons, and their size implies that these axons conduct information very rapidly.  相似文献   

Effects of chlordimeform on mitochondria from eggs of Spodoptera littoralis     

Clemens Kötter 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1978,9(3):263-267

Mitochondria were isolated from eggs of Spodoptera littoralis. With succinate (+pyruvate) as substrate, respiratory control ratios between 1.70 and 2.54 were obtained. Uncouplers and the energy transfer inhibitor oligomycin influenced these mitochondria in the well-known manner. The uncoupling activity of chlordimeform in vitro was very weak and decreased with increasing age of the eggs. Electron transport in mitochondria from chlordimeform-treated eggs was not uncoupled. Therefore, it is concluded that the ovicidal effect of this pesticide is not due to its uncoupling effect.  相似文献   

Tentative description of Hippeastrum latent virus in Hippeastrum hybridum plants and differentiation from Hippeastrum mosaic virus     

J. E. Brölman-Hupkes 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1975,81(6):226-236

In mosaic-diseased plants ofHippeastrum hybridum two viruses were found. One virus with a normal length of 706 nm caused local lesions onHyoscyamus niger test plants and mosaic symptoms in the leaves ofH. hybridum. This virus was identified with theHippeastrum mosaic virus (HMV) (*/*∶*/*∶E/E∶S/*) and had a dilution end point between 10^?3 and 10^?4, a thermal inactivation point between 55–60°C and a longevity at room temperature of 28–32 hours. The second virus had a normal length between 584 and 611 nm depending on the method used. It caused local lesions onGomphrena globosa andChenopodium quinoa leaves, and after inoculation ofH. hybridum was found to be present without showing symptoms. It was readily purified from inoculated leaf tissue ofC. quinoa andNicotiana clevelandii by differential centrifugation and ofH. hybridum by density-gradient centrifugation. Purified virus had an absorption minimum at 242 nm, a maximum at 262 nm and a 260/280 absorption ratio of 1.19. The dilution end point was between 10^?3 and 10^?4, the thermal inactivation point between 70 and 80°C and the longevity in vitro at room temperature 28–32 hours. Although no direct comparisons have been made with other members of the potexvirus group, the virus seems to be a new one now namedHippeastrum latent virus. Both viruses were not seed-borne.  相似文献   

Biological features and life table parameters of the mealy plum aphidHyalopterus pruni on different apricot cultivars     

M. S. Özgökçe  R. Atlıhan 《Phytoparasitica》2005,33(1):7-14

Development, survival, reproduction rate, and population growth parameters of the mealy plum aphidHyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy) (Hom.: Aphididae) were evaluated on four different apricot cultivars (Tyrinte, Sakıt, Colomer, and Bebeco) under field conditions in the Van region of Turkey. Experiments were carried out on exterior leaves of trees, 1.5–2 m above the ground. Plexiglas clip-cells (25×6 mm) with the upper side covered by muslin were used in the experiments. The mealy plum aphid performed better on Tyrinte than on the other cultivars tested. The fastest development time (first instar to adult; 9.4 days), highest daily reproduction rate (2.6 offspring/aphid/day), and highest total fecundity (48.1 offspring/aphid) were obtained on Tyrinte. The intrinsic rate of increase — a good indicator of the growth potential of a population — of individuals fed on Tyrinte was significantly greater than that of individuals fed on cvs. Colomer and Bebeco. While mean generation times (T _o ) of populations on different cultivars were close to each other, the net reproductive rate was the highest (29.45 offspring/aphid/generation) on Tyrinte and the population doubling time on Tyrinte was 18.7%, 25.2% and 26.3% faster than those of individuals on other cultivars tested. The results obtained in this study indicated that Tyrinte appeared to be the most susceptible to the mealy plum aphid among the cultivars tested. http://www.phytoparasitica.org. posting Nov. 23, 2004.  相似文献   

Untersuchungen zum endophytischen Befall von Fusarium proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg in geernteten Stangen von Spargel (Asparagus officinalis L.)     

Monika Go?mann  Sylvia Kleta  Hans-Ullrich Humpf  Carmen Büttner 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2005,24(2):53-58

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Kohlfliegenauftreten im Raps     

E. Erichsen  S. Hünmörder 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2005,57(6):149-157

A new pest in oilseed rape the cabbage root fly (Delia radicum L.) has succeded to establish – at least regional –during the recent years. It is not easy to monitor the cabbage root fly. Although the usual yellow water trap works quite well, it is still difficult for the farmers to determine Delia radicum exactly. The amount of infestation can be assessed best in the middle of November by analysing the damages of the roots. In this article a classification scheme is proposed. It is also difficult to control this pest. While applications of Pyrethroids against the imagines and the use of Dimethoat against the larva mostly showed only little effect in the tests, some new dressing-substances proved better against the standard “Chinook” (Imidacloprid+beta-Cyfluthrin). To forward this research and to clarify factors, which influence the infestation, a project titled “Possibilities of defence and control of cabbage root fly in winter oilseed rape” has been started in November 2003. Eight crop-protection services at German Federal State level and the BBA are involved in this project, which is supported by UFOP.  相似文献   

Identification of Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight Disease on Bean Genotypes Grown in Turkey     

Atilla Dursun  M. Figen Dönmez  Fikrettin Şahin 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2002,108(8):811-813

Common bacterial blight (CBB) in edible beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), incited Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli, reduces bean yields and seed quality. The main objective of this study was to determine resistance to common bacterial blight in bean genotypes. Twenty-two bean genotypes grown in Turkey including common and snap bean cultivars/lines were collected from different parts of Turkey and tested for resistance against to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli strain MFD-11. All the common and snap bean lines/cultivars tested were moderately susceptible, susceptible or highly susceptible, except AG-7117 which was found resistant to Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli. This is the first report of a resistance source in a common bean line (AG-7117) against Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli.  相似文献   

Biologische Pflanzenschutzverfahren bei Zierpflanzen in Gartenbaubetrieben in Westfalen-Lippe     

Jörg Klatt  Holger Nennmann 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2002,54(3-4):111-118

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