Variability in microsatellite DNA markers in gynogenetic and backcross progenies obtained from ornamental (koi) carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) × goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) hybrid females          下载免费PDF全文

Ammu Anil  Boris Gomelsky  Kyle J Schneider 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(4):1150-1155

Inheritance and segregation at five microsatellite loci were studied in diploid gynogenetic and triploid backcross progenies obtained from koi × goldfish hybrid females, which produce diploid eggs. Gynogenetic and backcross progenies were obtained from three individual hybrid females by inseminating eggs with genetically inactivated and intact sperm of parental species respectively; no shock treatments were applied to the early embryos. Complete absence of paternally specific alleles at all investigated microsatellite loci has proven successful genetic inactivation of spermatozoa by irradiation and confirmed gynogenetic origin of progenies. Genotypic segregations at microsatellite loci showed almost complete homogeneity of gynogenetic progenies and their identity to female parents. These results correspond with previous cytogenetic data on the occurrence of premeiotic endomitosis in hybrid females producing diploid eggs. Fish from triploid backcross progenies had genotypes resulting from combination of entire diploid female genome and haploid genome from male.  相似文献   

Occurrence of pathogens in outbreak populations of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pityokteines</Emphasis> spp. (Coleoptera,Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in silver fir forests     

Milan Pernek  Dinka Matošević  Boris Hrašovec  Mladen Kučinić  Rudolf Wegensteiner 《Journal of pest science》2009,82(4):343-349

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A recombinant flagellin fragment,which includes the epitopes flg22 and flgII-28, provides a useful tool to study flagellin-triggered immunity     

Serena Ciarroni  Christopher R. Clarke  Haijie Liu  Noam Eckshtain-Levi  Angelo Mazzaglia  Giorgio M. Balestra  Boris A. Vinatzer 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(3):169-175

Plants and animals independently evolved the ability to recognize flagellin (also called FliC), the building block of the bacterial flagellum, as part of their innate immune response. While animals recognize a relatively large region of FliC, most plants recognize one or two short epitopes of FliC: flg22 and flgII-28. However, since most research in plants has focused on flg22 and flgII-28 and not the actual FliC protein, the importance of any FliC region beyond the two epitopes in plant immunity is poorly understood. Here we report cloning, overexpression, and purification of a Pseudomonas syringae FliC fragment from amino acid 1 to 143, which includes both FliC epitopes and the adjacent alpha helices. Exposing Arabidopsis thaliana leaves to FliC_1–143 did not reveal any additional FliC recognition capabilities beyond flg22. However, while the kiwifruit species Actinidia arguta did not respond to either flg22 or flgII-28, treatment of A. arguta leaves with FliC_1–143 triggered a significant reactive oxygen response, indicating recognition. This result suggests that in some plant species, recognition of FliC requires regions of FliC beyond the two well-known epitopes and that FliC_1–143 represents a useful tool in the study of plant immunity.  相似文献   

Diverse antimicrobial killing by Enterococcus faecium E 50-52 bacteriocin     

Svetoch EA  Eruslanov BV  Perelygin VV  Mitsevich EV  Mitsevich IP  Borzenkov VN  Levchuk VP  Svetoch OE  Kovalev YN  Stepanshin YG  Siragusa GR  Seal BS  Stern NJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(6):1942-1948

An effective bacteriocin was identified and characterized. Lactic acid bacteria were screened against Campylobacter jejuni. One bacteriocin producer, Enterococcus faecium (NRRL B-30746), was studied. The isolate was grown, and the bacteriocin was purified to single-band homogeneity. Biochemical traits indicated that the peptide was a Class IIa bacteriocin, and it was named E 50-52. The bacteriocin had a molecular weight of 3339.7 and an isoelectric point of 8.0. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of E 50-52 against C. jejuni, Yersinia spp., Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7, Shigella dysenteriae, Morganella morganii, Staphylococcus spp., and Listeria spp. ranged from 0.025 to 32 microg/mL. In therapeutic broiler trials, oral treatment with E 50-52 reduced both C. jejuni and Salmonella enteritidis by more than 100,000-fold in the ceca, and systemic S. enteritidis was reduced in the liver and spleen. The wide range of antibacterial activity of bacteriocin E 50-52 against pathogens provides a promising alternative to antibiotics.  相似文献   

Soil nutrient status,yield and quality of lemon (Citrus limon Burm.) cv. ‘Assam lemon’ as influenced by bio-fertilizers,organics and inorganic fertilizers     

T. K. Hazarika  Boris Aheibam 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(8):853-863

An experiment was conducted at Mizoram University, Aizawl, India during 2015-2017 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on yield and quality of lemon cv. ‘Assam lemon’ (Citrus limon Burm.). The experiment was comprised of nine treatments viz. T1: 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) through inorganic fertilizers (IF); T2: 100% N through Farm Yard Manure (FYM); T3: 75% N through FYM + 25% through IF; T4: 50% N through FYM + 50% through IF; T5:75% N through FYM +25% through IF + Azotobacter + phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB)+ potash solubilizing bacteria (KSB); T6: 50% N through FYM + 50% through IF+ Azotobacter + PSB?+?KSB; T7: 75% N through FYM + 25% through IF?+?Azospirillum + AMF?+?KSB; T8: 50% N through FYM + 50% through IF+ Azospirillum + arbuscular mychorrhizal fungi (AMF) + KSB; T9: control. Among all treatments, T5 recorded highest value with respect to growth, yield and soil quality. While, T7 showed superiority in quality characters.  相似文献   

Mechanisms regulating inter‐annual variability in zooplankton advection over the Lofoten shelf,implications for cod larvae survival          下载免费PDF全文

Boris Espinasse  Vigdis Tverberg  Sünnje L. Basedow  Tore Hattermann  Ole Anders Nøst  Jon Albretsen  Jofrid SkarĐhamar  Ketil Eiane 《Fisheries Oceanography》2017,26(3):299-315

Variability in the availability of suitable prey (mainly nauplii stages of Calanus spp.) in the early life stages of cod is likely a significant contributor to the fluctuations in the year‐class strength in the Arcto Norwegian cod stock. We have investigated the origin of the Lofoten shelf population of Calanus using a particle tracking model approach based on velocity fields simulated from 2002 to 2012. By performing backwards simulations of trajectories from particles released on the Lofoten shelf in early spring, we assessed the relative contribution of potential Calanus sources, such as the Lofoten Basin, the local overwintering on the continental shelf and the adjacent fjords. This analysis revealed significant interannual differences in advection patterns mainly driven by changes in wind conditions and variable strength of the Norwegian Coastal Current. Most of the particles advected into our study area originated on the shelf, and contrary to expectations, only a few originated from the Lofoten Basin where Calanus abundances tend to be high. These results suggest that contribution from the Lofoten Basin to the early spring shelf Calanus population may be overestimated and that contribution from more local sources, especially from adjacent fjords, may play a more important role than what has been previously anticipated. Our results highlight the necessity to improve quantification of shelf‐fjord exchange processes, as these may contribute more to the regulation of spring zooplankton stocks on the northern Norwegian shelf, and, as a result, may affect the survival of cod larvae in this area.  相似文献   

The Use of Multi Criteria Models for Decision Support System in Fruit Production     

Črtomir Rozman  Aleksandar Maksimović  Adis Puška  Zoan Grgić  Karmen Pažek  Boris Prevolšek  Ferhat Ćejvanović 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2017,59(3):235-243

The success or failure of an investment project in fruit production also depends on the selection of the fruit species and variety. When selecting the variety for the creation of a new orchard it is necessary to perform the synthesis of different data and to look at all aspects of the investment. This paper presents the application of DEX multi-criteria decision making. The model was applied on 7 varieties of plum from the western Balkans region that were assessed by experts from “The association of agricultural economists of Western Balkans” using the Delphi method.By applying this model it has been shown that the ’Stanley’ is the most suitable for starting a new orchard while the varieties ’?a?anska ljepotica’ and ’?a?anska rodna’ are also very suitable for starting new fruit orchards and they have also received the value attribute “very acceptable”.Using this model all strong and weak sides of the observed plum variety were shown. For the final selection it is necessary to conduct research at a specific micro location where all characteristics of that area would also be taken into consideration.  相似文献   

Global patterns of predator diversity in the open oceans   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Worm B  Sandow M  Oschlies A  Lotze HK  Myers RA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5739):1365-1369

The open oceans comprise most of the biosphere, yet patterns and trends of species diversity there are enigmatic. Here, we derive worldwide patterns of tuna and billfish diversity over the past 50 years, revealing distinct subtropical "hotspots" that appeared to hold generally for other predators and zooplankton. Diversity was positively correlated with thermal fronts and dissolved oxygen and a nonlinear function of temperature (approximately 25 degrees C optimum). Diversity declined between 10 and 50% in all oceans, a trend that coincided with increased fishing pressure, superimposed on strong El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation-driven variability across the Pacific. We conclude that predator diversity shows a predictable yet eroding pattern signaling ecosystem-wide changes linked to climate and fishing.  相似文献   

Molecular Targets of Brown Algae Phlorotannins for the Therapy of Inflammatory Processes of Various Origins     

Natalya N. Besednova  Boris G. Andryukov  Tatyana S. Zaporozhets  Tatyana A. Kuznetsova  Sergey P. Kryzhanovsky  Svetlana P. Ermakova  Irina V. Galkina  Mikhail Yu. Shchelkanov 《Marine drugs》2022,20(4)

Inflammatory reactions are part of a complex biological response that plays a vital role in the appearance of various stimuli resulting from tissue and cell damage, the invasion of pathogenic bacteria, and the formation of the subsequent adaptive immune response. The production of many triggers and mediators of inflammation, which are inducers of pro-inflammatory factors, is controlled by numerous differentiation programs, through which inflammation is resolved and tissue homeostasis is restored. However, prolonged inflammatory responses or dysregulation of pro-inflammatory mechanisms can lead to chronic inflammation. Modern advances in biotechnology have made it possible to characterize the anti-inflammatory activity of phlorotannins, polyphenolic compounds from brown seaweed, and the mechanisms by which they modulate the inflammatory response. The purpose of this review is to analyze and summarize the results of numerous experimental in vitro and in vivo studies, illustrating the regulatory mechanisms of these compounds, which have a wide range of biological effects on the body. The results of these studies and the need for further research are discussed.  相似文献   

Use of Monoclonal Antibodies for Immunohistochemical Study of Bovine Spleen on Frozen Sections     

M. Delverdier  N. Abella-Bourges  F. Schelcher  I. Raymond  J. Espinasse  P. Cabanie 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》1996,25(4):243-247

Many monoclonal antibodies reactive with bovine leukocyte differentiation antigens are now available. Immunohistochemical staining on frozen sections using these monoclonal antibodies permits study of the functional morphology of bovine spleen. This study confirms accepted notions (B and T dependent-zones) and supplies complementary data about the repartition of CD4 and CD8 cells. γδ cells. MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) II expression, and macrophages.  相似文献