Clinical findings and outcomes of 153 dogs surgically treated for intestinal intussusceptions     

Philippe Chagnon Larose DVM  Ameet Singh DVM  DVSc  DACVS-SA  Michelle A. Giuffrida VMD  MSCE  DACVS  Galina Hayes PhD  DACVECC  DACVS  James Franklin Moyer BSc  Janet A. Grimes DVM  MS  DACVS-SA  Jeffrey Runge DVM  DACVS  Chiara Curcillo DVM  Christopher B. Thomson DVM  Philipp D. Mayhew BVM&S  DACVS-SA  Ross Bernstein DVM  Christopher Dominic DVM  Kelley Thieman Mankin DVM  DACVS-SA  Penny Regier DVM  MS  DACVS-SA  J. Brad Case DVM  MS  DACVS-SA  Shiori Arai DVM  PhD  DACVS-SA  Mathieu Gatineau DMV  IPSAV  MSc  DACVS  DECVS  DACVSMR  Julius M. Liptak BVSC  MVetClinStud  FACVSc  DACVS-SA  DECVS  ACVS  Charles Bruce DVM  DVSc  DACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(5):870-878

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Effects of biochar and fertilizer sources on nitrogen uptake by chilli pepper plants under Mediterranean climate     

Yinghua Duan  Suduan Gao  Brad Hanson 《Soil Use and Management》2022,38(1):714-728

This study determined N uptake by serrano chilli pepper for two years and evaluated the effects of biochar amendment or organic N (org-N) fertilizer on N use under a Mediterranean climate. A field experiment was conducted using microplots from 2016 to 2017 in California, USA. Treatments included biochar amendment rates [0 (control), 10, 30 and 50 tons (t) ha⁻¹] biochar, all with 100% inorganic N fertilizer (165 kg N ha⁻¹), and org-N fertilizer applications at 50%, 75% and 100% of the total available N supply. Pepper yield, vegetative biomass, N uptake, ammonia (NH₃) volatilization and changes in soil organic carbon (SOC), and nitrate were determined. Pepper yield was highest in the 50% org-N and lowest in the 50 t ha⁻¹ biochar treatment during the first year. There were no differences in fruit yield among the organic treatments during the second year, and all were higher than that from the control. The 100% org-N treatment had less NH₃ volatilization than all other treatments during the first year. The two-year results showed that chilli pepper plants sequestered 4.6‒6.1 kg N to produce one ton fresh pepper fruits. During the first year, the 50% org-N treatment resulted in the highest N productivity or yield with lowest projected N fertilizer application requirements as compared to other treatments although there were no differences among all treatments in the second year. Thus, a combination of inorganic and org-N fertilizers can be an effective strategy to improve soil N productivity in long-term management.  相似文献   

The transcription/migration interface in heart precursors of Ciona intestinalis     

Christiaen L  Davidson B  Kawashima T  Powell W  Nolla H  Vranizan K  Levine M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5881):1349-1352

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The draft genome of Ciona intestinalis: insights into chordate and vertebrate origins     

Dehal P  Satou Y  Campbell RK  Chapman J  Degnan B  De Tomaso A  Davidson B  Di Gregorio A  Gelpke M  Goodstein DM  Harafuji N  Hastings KE  Ho I  Hotta K  Huang W  Kawashima T  Lemaire P  Martinez D  Meinertzhagen IA  Necula S  Nonaka M  Putnam N  Rash S  Saiga H  Satake M  Terry A  Yamada L  Wang HG  Awazu S  Azumi K  Boore J  Branno M  Chin-Bow S  DeSantis R  Doyle S  Francino P  Keys DN  Haga S  Hayashi H  Hino K  Imai KS  Inaba K  Kano S  Kobayashi K  Kobayashi M  Lee BI  Makabe KW  Manohar C  Matassi G  Medina M  Mochizuki Y  Mount S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,298(5601):2157-2167

The first chordates appear in the fossil record at the time of the Cambrian explosion, nearly 550 million years ago. The modern ascidian tadpole represents a plausible approximation to these ancestral chordates. To illuminate the origins of chordate and vertebrates, we generated a draft of the protein-coding portion of the genome of the most studied ascidian, Ciona intestinalis. The Ciona genome contains approximately 16,000 protein-coding genes, similar to the number in other invertebrates, but only half that found in vertebrates. Vertebrate gene families are typically found in simplified form in Ciona, suggesting that ascidians contain the basic ancestral complement of genes involved in cell signaling and development. The ascidian genome has also acquired a number of lineage-specific innovations, including a group of genes engaged in cellulose metabolism that are related to those in bacteria and fungi.  相似文献   

Investing early in education. Laying the foundation for lifetime learning. Introduction     

Hines P  McCartney M  Mervis J  Wible B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6045):951

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Production of Australian freshwater crayfish in earthen-based systems using pelleted diets and forage crops as food     

Paul L. Jones  Jose R. Chavez  Brad D. Mitchell 《Aquaculture International》2002,10(2):157-175

Juvenile Cherax destructor (commonly called theyabby) were cultured in earthen-based ponds and tanks for 70–105d, and were fed pellets and/or a forage crop of the perennialwhiteclover, Trifolium repens. Three supplementary feedingstrategies were evaluated. Yabby growth on pellets consistently exceeded (by67–159%) that obtained on clover. Base-line yields for extensiveproduction systems are around 400 kg ha^–1. Thesupplementary addition of T. repens produced yields of 635kg ha^–1 (in ponds) to 1086 kgha^–1 (in tanks). The sequential addition of cut-cloverto tanks stimulated growth to levels approaching those achieved on pellets.Yabbies stocked into ponds at 17 m^–2 and fed 33%protein pellets for 100 d, resulted in a yield of 1117 kgha^–1.Pellet inputs at a rate of 129–249 g m^–2(dry matter) and 38–83 g m^–2 (protein) over70–100 d resulted in acceptable growth and feed utilisationindices. Clover inputs of 534–682 g m^–2 (asdry matter) or 84–177 g m^–2 (as protein)produced reasonable growth rates but poor feed utilisation indices. Aconsiderable quantity of the dry matter and protein content of clover waseitherinefficiently utilised or directed into other production pathways. In tanks,clover inputs from 113–296 g m^–2 (drymatter) and 24–54 g m^–2 (protein) weresufficient to maintain high growth rates for 4 weeks, while in ponds, inputs of21 g m^–2 (dry matter) and 4.3 gm^–2 (protein) were sufficient for 3 weeks. During theearly weeks of production no growth advantage was gained by providing pelletstoanimals cultured in forage-based systems. Forage depletion occurred after3–4 weeks and was probably a major growth limiting factor.  相似文献   

Disentangling the drivers of β diversity along latitudinal and elevational gradients     

Kraft NJ  Comita LS  Chase JM  Sanders NJ  Swenson NG  Crist TO  Stegen JC  Vellend M  Boyle B  Anderson MJ  Cornell HV  Davies KF  Freestone AL  Inouye BD  Harrison SP  Myers JA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6050):1755-1758

Understanding spatial variation in biodiversity along environmental gradients is a central theme in ecology. Differences in species compositional turnover among sites (β diversity) occurring along gradients are often used to infer variation in the processes structuring communities. Here, we show that sampling alone predicts changes in β diversity caused simply by changes in the sizes of species pools. For example, forest inventories sampled along latitudinal and elevational gradients show the well-documented pattern that β diversity is higher in the tropics and at low elevations. However, after correcting for variation in pooled species richness (γ diversity), these differences in β diversity disappear. Therefore, there is no need to invoke differences in the mechanisms of community assembly in temperate versus tropical systems to explain these global-scale patterns of β diversity.  相似文献   

Fault interactions and large complex earthquakes in the Los Angeles area     

Anderson G  Aagaard B  Hudnut K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5652):1946-1949

Faults in complex tectonic environments interact in various ways, including triggered rupture of one fault by another, that may increase seismic hazard in the surrounding region. We model static and dynamic fault interactions between the strike-slip and thrust fault systems in southern California. We find that rupture of the Sierra Madre-Cucamonga thrust fault system is unlikely to trigger rupture of the San Andreas or San Jacinto strike-slip faults. However, a large northern San Jacinto fault earthquake could trigger a cascading rupture of the Sierra Madre-Cucamonga system, potentially causing a moment magnitude 7.5 to 7.8 earthquake on the edge of the Los Angeles metropolitan region.  相似文献   

Environmental Impacts of Feeding High-fiber Diet to Pigs     

Abraham Woldeghebriel  Shanequa Smitth  Teo Barios  Brad Pope  Sebhatu Gebrelul 《农业科学与技术》2013,(1):60-65

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Restoring Mixed Grass Prairie in Southeastern Alberta,Canada     

Brad A. Downey  Paul F. Jones  Francois Blouin  Jennifer D. Richman  Brandy L. Downey 《Herpetological Monographs》2013,35(3):16-20

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