Effects of animal position and number of repeated measurements on selected two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiographic variables in healthy dogs     

Chetboul V  Tidholm A  Nicolle A  Sampedrano CC  Gouni V  Pouchelon JL  Lefebvre HP  Concordet D 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2005,227(5):743-747

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of positioning and number of repeated measurements on intra- and interobserver variability of echocardiographic measurements in dogs. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 4 healthy dogs. PROCEDURE: Each observer performed 24 examinations, separately assessing each dog 6 nonconsecutive times (3 times with the dog in lateral recumbency and 3 with the dog in a standing position). Variables evaluated included M-mode measurements of left ventricular end-diastolic and left ventricular end-systolic diameters, left ventricular free-wall thickness in diastole and systole, interventricular septal thickness in diastole and systole, left ventricular shortening fraction, and 2-dimensional measurements of the left atrial diameter-to-aortic diameter ratio. RESULTS: All coefficients of variation (range, 3.4% to 26.6%) were similar between operators and positions and were < 15% for 27 of 32 values. For both operators, repeatability of the measurements was better for left ventricular end-systolic diameter, left ventricular free-wall thickness in diastole, left ventricular free-wall thickness in systole, and the left atrial diameter-to-aortic diameter in the standing position, and similar for both positions for shortening fraction and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter. No effect of cardiac cycle was observed. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Within-day variability of conventional echocardiography performed with the dog in the standing position was at least as good as that obtained with the dog in lateral recumbency for most measured variables. Single measurements of each variable may be sufficient for trained observers examining dogs that do not have an arrhythmia. The standing position should be used, particularly for stressed or dyspneic dogs.  相似文献   

Detection of antibodies against Anaplasma marginale in milk using a recombinant MSP5 indirect ELISA   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

de Echaide ST  Bono MF  Lugaresi C  Aguirre N  Mangold A  Moretta R  Farber M  Mondillo C 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,106(3-4):287-292

An indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) for diagnosis of anaplasmosis using undiluted individual milk samples from dairy cows was developed. The recombinant 19 kDa major surface protein 5 (rMSP5) of Anaplasma marginale was used as antigen. A monoclonal antibody against bovine IgG1 conjugated with peroxidase and the chromogen 3,5,3',5'-tetramethylbenzidine were used in the test. Strong and weak, positive and negative milk samples were set up as reference controls. Results were expressed as percentage of positivity (PP) contrasting with the strongest positive control. The test was evaluated in two groups (G1 and G2) of lactating dairy cows from herds located in A. marginale non-endemic areas of Argentina. The infection status of both groups, G1 (n=128) sampled after anaplasmosis outbreak, and G2 (n=216) free of anaplasmosis was established by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serum samples of cows from G1 and G2 were analyzed by card agglutination test (CAT) and competitive ELISA (cELISA), while the novel iELISA was evaluated in their corresponding milk samples. At a cutoff of 42 PP, the ELISA has 98% sensitivity and 95% specificity. A significant difference (P<0.0001) was found between the mean PP value of negative samples from G1 (17.4+/-14.9), and G2 (8.6+/-7.1). The agreement and kappa (kappa) value between iELISA and PCR was 96%, kappa=0.919; between iELISA and CAT was 97%, kappa=0.880; and between iELISA and cELISA was 97%, kappa=0.899. These results strongly support the usefulness of iELISA to detect A. marginale antibodies in milk. Additional studies are necessary to define the ability of the milk iELISA to detect not only acutely infected, but also carrier cattle.  相似文献   

Assessment of repeatability, reproducibility, and effect of anesthesia on determination of radial and longitudinal left ventricular velocities via tissue Doppler imaging in dogs     

Chetboul V  Athanassiadis N  Carlos C  Nicolle A  Zilberstein L  Pouchelon JL  Lefebvre HP  Concordet D 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(7):909-915

OBJECTIVE: To determine left ventricular free wall (LVFW) motions and assess their intra- and interday variability via tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in healthy awake and anesthetized dogs. ANIMALS: 6 healthy adult Beagles. PROCEDURE: n the first part of the study, 72 TDI examinations (36 radial and 36 longitudinal) were performed by the same observer on 4 days during a 2-week period in all dogs. In the second part, 3 dogs were anesthetized with isoflurane and vecuronium. Two measurements of each TDI parameter were made on 2 consecutive cardiac cycles when ventilation was transiently stopped. The TDI parameters included maximal systolic, early, and late diastolic LVFW velocities. RESULTS: The LVFW velocities were significantly higher in the endocardial than in the epicardial layers and also significantly higher in the basal than in the mid-segments in systole, late diastole, and early diastole. The intraday coefficients of variation (CVs) for systole were 16.4% and 22%, and the interday CV values were 11.2% and 16.4% in the endocardial and epicardial layers, respectively. Isoflurane anesthesia significantly improved the intraday CV but induced a decrease in LVFW velocities, except late diastolic in endocardial layers and early diastolic in epicardial layers. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Left ventricular motion can be adequately quantified in dogs and can provide new noninvasive indices of myocardial function. General anesthesia improved repeatability of the procedure but cannot be recommended because it induces a decrease in myocardial velocities.  相似文献   

Pre-conditioning ornamental plants to drought by means of saline water irrigation as related to salinity tolerance     

Fernando Fornes  Rosa María Belda  Carolina Carrión  Vicente Noguera  Pilar García-Agustín  Manuel Abad 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

This study examines the feasibility of using saline irrigation water for commercial pot cultivation of three ornamentals: Calceolaria hybrida, Calendula officinalis and Petunia hybrida. Two saline treatments were assayed: irrigation with low saline tap water (electrical conductivity = 1.16 dS m⁻¹), and irrigation with a high saline solution of NaCl 100 mM + CaSO₄ 10 mM + MgSO₄ 2.5 mM (electrical conductivity = 12.5 dS m⁻¹). When the control plants reached marketable size the watering was stopped and the plant response to drought was studied. Petunia and Calceolaria were tolerant to salinity. Petunia saline-treated plants reduced their growth slightly and increased N and chlorophyll contents in the leaves. Calceolaria experienced a strong reduction in growth and a delay in flowering but no toxicity symptoms or mortality was recorded. These species were moderate NaCl accumulators. Calendula was sensitive to salinity: 16% of the plants died and the surviving ones experienced a heavy reduction of growth, a decrease in chlorophyll and a large accumulation of NaCl in the leaves. Saline pre-conditioned plants of Calceolaria and Petunia were tolerant to drought. In these plants, leaf water content and, specifically, leaf relative water content were sustained longer than in non-pre-conditioned plants throughout the drought period. In Calendula, leaf relative water content decreased at the same rate in pre-conditioned and non-pre-conditioned plants. Consequently, salinization did not confer drought resistance upon this species. Possible factors determining the tolerance to drought in saline pre-conditioned plants are discussed.  相似文献   

Relationship Between Height Growth and Foliar Nutrient N and P Concentration in a Eucalyptus grandis Plantation in Northeastern Argentina     

Sarah L. Burns  Carolina A. Pérez  Marcelo F. Arturi  Juan F. Goya  Corina Graciano 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(4):313-320

The relationship between the height growth, foliar concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), and the N:P ratio was analyzed in a fourth rotation plantation that did not respond to fertilization with these nutrients. Spearman's nonparametric correlation analysis was used to evaluate the association between growth in height—calculated as the difference between heights measured at 1 yr and 2 yr after planting—and foliar N and P concentrations, as well as N:P ratio, determined in the 1-yr-old plantation. Only a weak positive correlation between height growth and foliar P concentration in planted seedlings was found. A significant negative relation was observed between the growth and N:P ratio in seedlings. Foliar concentrations suggest that there were neither P nor N limitations for growth in the analyzed period. This may be due to the management of harvest residues, which were abandoned on-site without burning.  相似文献   

Influence of edge and topography on the vegetation in an Atlantic Forest remnant in northeastern Brazil     

Tassiane Novacosque Feitosa Guerra  Maria Jesus Nogueira Rodal  Ana Carolina Borges Lins e Silva  Marccus Alves  Maria Amanda Menezes Silva  Poliana Gabriella de Araújo Mendes 《Journal of Forest Research》2013,18(2):200-208

Like edge effects, variations in topography can influence the physiognomy and structural patterns of the vegetation due to the high dynamics encountered in inclined areas. We evaluated the effect of edges on the structure and physiognomy of the arboreal and woody understory communities in patches of an Atlantic Forest remnant in two distinct topographic positions. Four study situations were laid out (slope edge, top edge, slope interior, and top interior), with ten 10 × 10 m plots each to sample the arboreal components (circumference at breast height ≥15 cm), and ten 5 × 5 m plots (in the corner of each arboreal component plot) to sample the woody understory (circumference at ground level ≥3 cm and with circumference at breast height <15 cm). We investigated physiognomic and structural variables of edge and interior environments in similar topographic positions on both slope and top (level) areas of the same remnant forest. Physiognomic and structural differences between edge and interior vegetation were noted, and these were found to be still more evident when different topographic positions were considered. Physiognomic and structural variations between the edge and interior vegetation were more notable on slopes than on hill tops, indicating greater dynamics in areas with greater topographic inclinations.  相似文献   

Canine ocular histiocytic sarcoma     

Naranjo C  Dubielzig RR  Friedrichs KR 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2007,10(3):179-185

OBJECTIVE: To describe and characterize histiocytic sarcoma (HS) first detected in the eyes of dogs using the large database at the comparative ocular pathology laboratory of Wisconsin (COPLOW). METHODS: Cases diagnosed as HS were selected from the COPLOW database. Slides were reviewed to describe the cellular morphology, localize the tumor within the globe, record the tumor distribution and measure the size of the tumor. Further sections were taken to perform immunohistochemistry for Melan-A, CD18 and S-100, and for ferric iron staining. The following clinical information was recorded: breed, age, gender, laterality, clinical signs upon presentation and follow-up information obtained by response to a mailed survey and phone contact. RESULTS: Twenty-six cases were confirmed as being HS according to the immunohistochemical results (CD18 positive and Melan-A negative). The most prevalent breed was Rottweiler (eight cases), followed by Retriever breeds (seven Golden Retrievers and five Labrador Retrievers). The mean age was 8.61 +/- 2.43 years. There were three intact male, eight castrated male, one intact female and 14 spayed female dogs. In 15 dogs there were no concurrent systemic clinical signs at the time of diagnosis. Sixteen of 19 dogs with follow-up information available died as a result of causes related to the tumor, although only three of them received a necropsy. Survival time varied between 5 days and 6 months after enucleation. Three of the dogs were alive at the time the information was gathered. Mean tumor surface was 0.613 +/- 0.38 cm(2). S-100 was diffusely positive in 10 cases, isolated positive cells were found in 11 cases and five cases were completely negative. Seven of the cases were positive for ferric iron. CONCLUSIONS: Histiocytic sarcoma must be considered in the differential diagnosis of dogs with intraocular masses, especially in Rottweilers and Retriever breeds. Because it carries poor prognosis, it must be distinguished from melanoma. A good discriminator for this purpose in paraffin-embedded tissues is finding CD18-positive cells and no reactivity against Melan-A. S-100 and ferric iron staining does not seem to be useful. Ocular HS is considered to be a manifestation of a systemic disease even when the disease is first recognized in the eye.  相似文献   

Effect of association of fresh cassava root with corn silage in replacement for cactus cladodes on dairy cow performance     

de Albuquerque Saraiva  Tibério  de Figueiredo Monteiro  Carolina Corrêa  Feitosa  Erickson Marcos Santos  de Oliveira Moraes  Gláucia Sabrine  Netto  Antonio Joelson  Cardoso  Daniel Barros  Magalhães  André Luiz Rodrigues  de Melo  Airon Aparecido Silva 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(3):927-933

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The aim of this study was to investigate the replacement effect of cactus cladodes with cassava root and corn silage (CRCS) (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%, dry...  相似文献   

Detection and partial molecular characterization of Picobirnavirus in swine from the state of Minas Gerais,Brazil     

Nívia Carolina Lopes ROSADO  Marcus Rebouas SANTOS  Laura Morais Nascimento SILVA  Viviane Sisdelli ASSAO  Elaine Nery ARAÚJO  Natlia Fialho GONZAGA  Andressa Fernanda KUNZ  Elisabete TAKIUCHI  Gustavo Costa BRESSAN  Juliana Lopes Rangel FIETTO  Abelardo SILVA-JÚNIOR 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2020,82(12):1798

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Heat shock during in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes disturbs bta-miR-19b and DROSHA transcripts abundance after in vitro fertilization     

Vanessa das Graças Pereira de Souza  Gustavo Torres de Souza  Diana Rangel de Lemos  Judith Maria de Oliveira Guimarães  Carolina Capobiango Romano Quintão  Michele Munk  Naiara Zoccal Saraiva  Luiz Sérgio de Almeida Camargo 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(8):1128-1136

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