Host range of Frankia strains isolated from actinorhizal plants growing in Japan and their relatedness based on 16S rDNA     

Yuki NAGASHIMA  Chiharu TANI  Mikihiro YAMAMOTO  Hideo SASAKAWA 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2008,54(3):379-386

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Plant secondary metabolites regulating behaviour of zoospores of the phytopathogenic fungus Aphanomyces cochlioides     

Satoshi Tahara  Masanori Mizutani  Tomohiko Takayama  Kaori Ohkawa 《Pest management science》1999,55(2):209-211

A number of compounds isolated from various plant species were tested for their ability to affect the mobility of zoospores of the fungus Aphanomyces cochlioides which causes root rot in spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Compounds may act as attractants, repellents or stimulants of zoosphore movement or they may halt movement by causing the spore to clump and settle. Bioassay revealed compounds with these methods of action, as well as some which acted directly on the fungus. ©1999 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Transcription‐inducing activity of natural and synthetic juvenile hormone agonists through the Drosophila Methoprene‐tolerant protein     

Taiyo Yokoi  Taku Nabe  Chiharu Ishizuka  Ken'ichiro Hayashi  Sayoko Ito‐Harashima  Takashi Yagi  Yoshiaki Nakagawa  Hisashi Miyagawa 《Pest management science》2020,76(7):2316-2323

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Comparative QTL mapping for male sterility of cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) using different reference genome sequences     

Takuya Wada  Hiyori Monden  Sachiko Isobe  Kenta Shirasawa  Takayuki Sueyoshi  Chiharu Hirata  Miyuki Mori  Shiro Nagamatsu  Yoshiki Tanaka 《Breeding Science》2021,71(4):456

Male sterility is one of the reproductive isolation systems in plants and quite useful for F₁ seed production. We previously identified three independent quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for male sterility of cultivated strawberry, Here, we identified the specific subgenomes in which these QTLs are located by QTL-seq approach. QTLs qMS4.1, qMS4.2, and qMS4.3 were mapped separately in subgenomes Fvb4-4, Fvb4-3, and Fvb4-1, respectively, in ‘Camarosa’ genome assembly v. 1.0.a1. Candidate regions of qMS4.1 and qMS4.3 were clearly detected around 12–26 Mb in Fvb4-4 and 12–14 Mb in Fvb4-1, respectively; those of qMS4.2 were fragmented in Fvb4-3, which suggests that some scaffolds were incorrectly assembled in Fvb4-3. qMS4.3 was mapped to chr4X1 of ‘Reikou’ genome assembly r2.3, and qMS4.1 and qMS4.2 were both mapped to chr4Av, which indicates that differentiation of the subgenomes in which both QTLs are located was insufficient in ‘Reikou’ r2.3. Although ‘Camarosa’ genome assembly v. 1.0.a1 is an unphased map, which merges homologous chromosomes into one sequence, ‘Reikou’ genome assembly r2.3 is a phased map, which separates homologous chromosomes. QTL mapping to different reference genomes clearly showed the specific features of each reference genome, and that using different kinds of reference map could accelerate fine mapping and map-based cloning of certain genes of cultivated strawberry.  相似文献   

Preliminary experiment for detection of penicillinase by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting technique.     

S Kamata  A Ohkawa  O Ito  N Kakiichi  K Komine  T Matsunaga  M Hayashi  M Sugiyama  H Otsuka  S Ura 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1992,54(2):395-397

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Dynamic nuclear actin assembly by Arp2/3 complex and a baculovirus WASP-like protein     

Goley ED  Ohkawa T  Mancuso J  Woodruff JB  D'Alessio JA  Cande WZ  Volkman LE  Welch MD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5798):464-467

Diverse bacterial and viral pathogens induce actin polymerization in the cytoplasm of host cells to facilitate infection. Here, we describe a pathogenic mechanism for promoting dynamic actin assembly in the nucleus to enable viral replication. The baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus induced nuclear actin polymerization by translocating the host actin-nucleating Arp2/3 complex into the nucleus, where it was activated by p78/83, a viral Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-like protein. Nuclear actin assembly by p78/83 and Arp2/3 complex was essential for viral progeny production. Recompartmentalizing dynamic host actin may represent a conserved mode of pathogenesis and reflect viral manipulation of normal functions of nuclear actin.  相似文献   

Molecular and immunochemical characteristics of monoclonal and recombinant antibodies selective for the triazine herbicide simetryn and application to environmental analysis     

Nishi K  Ishiuchi M  Morimune K  Ohkawa H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(13):5096-5104

A monoclonal antibody (mab) selective for the thiomethyl-s-triazine herbicide simetryn was obtained and characterized in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). An IC(50) value for simetryn was 8.5 ng/mL, and the detection range extended from 1.1 to 70 ng/mL in ELISA. The cDNAs encoding variable heavy chain (VH) and variable light chain (VL) of the mab were cloned to produce various recombinant antibodies. Single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies derived from the mab were characterized in ELISA and showed similar reactivities and specificities to the parent mab. A urea denaturation test revealed that the scFv antibodies bound to simetryn were more stable than those in the absence of antigen. A sandwich ELISA based on VH and VL fragments of the mab was successfully developed and showed similar sensitivity to those based on the mab and scFv antibodies in ELISA. In the recovery experiments using spiked environmental samples, the results obtained in ELISA based on the mab were favorably correlated with those by HPLC.  相似文献   

Transgenic rice containing human CYP2B6 detoxifies various classes of herbicides   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Hirose S  Kawahigashi H  Ozawa K  Shiota N  Inui H  Ohkawa H  Ohkawa Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(9):3461-3467

The human gene for CYP2B6, a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that inactivates xenobiotic chemicals, was introduced into Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. At germination, R(1) seeds of transgenic rice plants expressing CYP2B6 (CYP2B6 rice) showed a high tolerance to 5 microM metolachlor, a preemergence herbicide that is degraded by CYP2B6. Thin-layer chromatography after culture with (14)C-labeled metolachlor revealed that the amounts of residual metolachlor decreased in plant tissues and the medium of CYP2B6 rice faster than those of untransformed Nipponbare. CYP2B6 rice plants were able to grow in the presence of 13 out of 17 herbicides: five chloroacetamides and mefenacet, pyributicarb, amiprofos-methyl, trifluralin, pendimethalin, norflurazon, and chlorotoluron. These herbicides differ in their modes of action and chemical structures. Transgenic rice expressing a xenobiotic-degrading human CYP2B6, which has broad substrate specificity, should be good not only for developing herbicide tolerant rice but also for reducing the environmental impact of agrochemicals.  相似文献   

Purification and characterization of lipoxygenase from Pleurotus ostreatus     

Kuribayashi T  Kaise H  Uno C  Hara T  Hayakawa T  Joh T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(5):1247-1253

Lipoxygenase was purified homogeneously from cups of Pleurotus ostreatus by Sephacryl S-400 HR gel filtration, Dyematrex Green A affinity, and DEAE-Toyopearl 650M ion-exchange chromatographies. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 67,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 66,000 by gel filtration; the isoelectric point was pH 5.1. The optimum pH and temperature of the enzymatic activity were 8.0 and 25 degrees C, respectively. The enzyme contained non-heme iron, and a thiol group seemed to be involved in its activity. The K(m), V(max), and k(cat) values of the enzyme for linoleic acid were 0.13 mM, 23.4 micromol.min(-1).mg(-1), and 25.7 s(-1), respectively. The enzyme showed high specificity toward linoleic acid. When linoleic acid was incubated with the enzyme, 13-hydroperoxy-9Z,11E-octadecadienoic acid was found to be the main oxidative product.  相似文献   

Metabolic process of the C-sugars on the translocation pathways of cucumber plants     

Wataru Ohkawa  Yoshinori KanayamaNaoko Daibo  Takahiro SatoManabu Nishiyama  Koki Kanahama 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

Studies on the metabolic process of photoassimilates and enhancement of sugar accumulation into fruit are important in fruit crop production. The metabolic process of the ¹⁴C-photoassimilates in cucumber plants was analyzed with respect to the vascular system. At 4 h after the start of ¹⁴CO₂ feeding, the ¹⁴C-photoassimilates synthesized in a selected leaf on the main shoot were translocated to the vascular bundles of the internode just below the ¹⁴CO₂-fed leaf. The radioactivity of ¹⁴C-stachyose was as high as that of ¹⁴C-sucrose in the vascular bundles of petiole and internode just below the ¹⁴CO₂-fed leaf as well as in the midrib, while the radioactivity of ¹⁴C-stachyose was lower than that of ¹⁴C-sucrose in the mesophyll. The ¹⁴C-photoassimilates appeared to have been translocated without any metabolic change in the translocation pathways between the petiole and internode just below the ¹⁴CO₂-fed leaf, because the ratio of ¹⁴C-stachyose radioactivity in the two parts was similar. At 8 h after the start of ¹⁴CO₂ feeding, the ¹⁴C-photoassimilates were translocated to the fruit. In the vascular bundles of the peduncle, the ratios of the radioactivity of ¹⁴C-stachyose and ¹⁴C-raffinose were lower, and the ratio of the radioactivity of ¹⁴C-sucrose was higher, than that at the petiole and internode just below the ¹⁴CO₂-fed leaf at 8 h after the start of ¹⁴CO₂ feeding. Therefore, it seemed that ¹⁴C-stachyose and ¹⁴C-raffinose were hydrolyzed to ¹⁴C-sucrose in the peduncle.  相似文献