Correlation of epiploic foramen length to height,weight, breed,gender and age in horses     

J. M. Alonso  G. S. Rosa  M. F. Marsiglia  A. L. Garcia Alves  C. A. Rodrigues  M. J. Watanabe  J. C. Figueiredo Pantoja  C. A. Hussni 《Equine Veterinary Education》2020,32(3):146-149

Epiploic foramen entrapment (EFE) is one of the most common causes of small intestinal strangulation in horses. Cribbing and previous episodes of colic are suggested as risk factors for its occurrence. The aim of this study was to correlate the height, weight, breed, gender and age to the epiploic foramen (EF) length. Forty-three horses were submitted to post-mortem measurement of epiploic foramen with abdominal and thoracic organs positioned in situ. After data collection, linear regression between EF length and the explanatory variables was performed. None of the post-mortem physical variables was associated with EF length, supporting the hypothesis that there is no association between EF length and age, and that increased intra-abdominal pressure is the most important factor predisposing to EFE recurrence.  相似文献   

Sodium hydroxide or urea pretreatment of acerola (Malpighia emarginata) fruit residue increases dry matter degradability and reduces methane production in in vitro rumen fermentation     

Moura  Lais Micaelle Lopes  da Silva Pereira  Flávia Denise  de Lima  Patrícia Rodrigues  Nascimento  Júlio Cesar Silva  dos Santos de Oliveira  Andresca  de Souza Rodrigues  Rafael Torres  Ferreira  Clébio Pereira  Moraes  Salete Alves  Queiroz  Mário Adriano Ávila  Menezes  Daniel Ribeiro 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(5):2433-2441

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding different concentrations of either urea or NaOH in dehydrated acerola (Malpighia emarginata) fruit...  相似文献   

Brain anatomy of two-toed sloth (Choloepus didactylus,Linnaeus, 1758): A comparative gross anatomical study of extant xenarthrans     

Letícia Menezes Freitas  Odeony Paulo dos Santos  André Luiz Quagliatto Santos  Fabiano Rodrigues de Melo  Leandro Silveira  Anah Tereza de Almeida Jácomo  Kleber Fernando Pereira  Fabiano Campos Lima 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(1):130-143

The neural system plays an important role in understanding some features of animals. Anatomical complexity correlates with the increase of functional capacity. Xenarthrans include anteaters (Vermilingua), armadillos (Cingulata) and sloths (Folivora). This group is the base of eutherian mammals, and understanding the anatomy of its neural system could provide data for functional and evolutionary interpretations. The gross anatomy of the xenarthran brain is recorded. Four extant families of Pilosa and two families of Cingulata were sampled. Usual dissection procedures were used, and the brains were analysed macroscopically. The brain of two-toed sloth, three-toed sloth, six-banded armadillo, giant anteater and collared anteater are gyrencephalic. Pygmy anteater, nine-banded armadillo, great long-nosed armadillo, southern naked-tailed armadillo and giant armadillo are lissencephalic. In most species, the rhinal fissure presents two segments, rostral and caudal (except in Vermilingua and three-toed sloth). The diencephalon and brainstem present similar anatomy. The cerebellum is wide and presents four lobes (rostral, central, caudal and floccular). Its average volume is 12.16% (Folivora), 14.26% (Vermilingua) and 18.61% (Cingulata). Among these groups, there is a statistical difference between Folivora/Cingulata concerning the cerebellum average. The general pattern of the brain of the xenarthrans is similar to that of other mammals.  相似文献   

INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON NICKEL ACCUMULATION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COFFEE PLANTS DURING FRUIT DEVELOPMENT     

Andre Rodrigues dos Reis  Jose Laercio Favarin  Luiz Antonio Gallo  Milton Ferreira Moraes  Tiago Tezotto  Dr Jose Lavres Junior 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(12):1853-1866

Nutritional and physiological significance of micronutrients in coffee plants, especially with regard to nickel (Ni) is still unknown. The dynamics of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and Ni accumulation in coffee fruits, as well as their relationships with total soluble protein, amino acids, reducing sugars, and starch content during coffee fruit development (green, ripe, and dry fruits), were investigated. Coffee trees received three N fertilizer rates (0, 150, and 300 kg of N ha^?1) as ammonium sulfate split into three applications per year. Nitrogen fertilization increased reducing sugars and starch concentrations in ripe fruits. In contrast, green fruits showed the highest amino acid and Ni concentrations. Fruit Ni concentration decreased in both green and ripe fruits as N rates increased; thus, indicating the possibility of either a N-associated dilution effect on Ni concentration or that Ni uptake by roots and/or transport to developing fruit was limiting. Plant nutritional status and fruit development stage influenced the coffee grain chemical composition. Furthermore, the variation in reducing sugars and starch content was more closely linked to the stage of fruit development than to N supply. A supposed relationship among the decreased of caffeine, starch, amino acids, and proteins with Ni content during green fruit development suggests a fundamental role for Ni in coffee fruit ripening. The interaction between N and Ni metabolism during fruit ripening might influence the chemical parameters involved in the coffee grain quality. This is the first report documenting changes in Ni concentrations of coffee fruit as a function of N fertilization rates and the development stage, but further research is needed to better understand the significance of N-Ni interaction in developing coffee fruit.  相似文献   

Biofortification of soybean grains with foliar application of Li sources     

Antonio Carlos Martins dos Santos  Kleycianne Ribeiro Marques  Larissa Urzêdo Rodrigues  Álvaro José Gomes de Faria  Vitor L. Nascimento 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(19):2522-2531

Abstract

Biofortification of soybean grains with lithium (Li) is a strategy to improve a food with high social acceptance, in order to promote health benefits. The aim of this work was to evaluate the development of plants and the production of biofortified soybeans with two Li sources. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five replicates. Ten treatments were obtained in a 2x5 factorial scheme, comprising two sources of Li (LiOH - Li hydroxide and Li₂SO₄ - Li sulfate) and five doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120?mg kg^?1) in stages V4 and R1. The supply of Li promoted significant effects (p?≤?0.05) on the morphology, yield components and nutritional status of soybean plants. The highest grain yield was obtained with the use of Li₂SO₄ at the estimated dose of 45.7?mg kg^?1. The plants accumulated Li between 8.00 and 11.20?mg kg ^?1, respectively, with the use of Li₂SO₄ and LiOH. In the grains, the highest concentrations of Li were obtained with the application of 120?mg kg^?1. Li₂SO₄ and LiOH are good sources for biofortification of soybean grains.  相似文献   

Quantification of loss in oilseed rape yield caused by delayed sowing date in a Mediterranean environment     

M. Ângelo Rodrigues  Sandra Afonso  Nelson Tipewa  Arlindo Almeida  Margarida Arrobas 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(12):1630-1645

ABSTRACT

Rapeseed acreage has been increasing fast in the last few decades and cultivated areas have expanded into lower latitudes because of the high value of its seed. This work evaluates the effect of date of sowing and nitrogen (N) fertilization on crop productivity and N use efficiency in a Mediterranean environment. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with the dates of sowing as the main-plots and N rates the sub-plots. Rapeseed recovered 128 to 212 kg N hm^-2 before top-dress N application in late winter if sown before the last week of September. Seed yield was very dependent on the date of sowing, varying from 3.4 to 6.2 Mg hm^-2 on the first sowing date in September to 0.3 to 1.0 Mg hm^-2 on the last sowing date in November. The daily loss in seed production was 68.9 kg hm^-2 (or 482.3 kg hm^-2 per week) or 1.53 % (or 10.7 % per week). N rate significantly increased seed yield within each sowing date but did not allow late-sowed plants to regain the productivity levels of those sown earlier. Apparent N recovery and agronomic N efficiency were particularly dependent on the growing conditions associated to different sowing dates.  相似文献   

Antigenotoxicity and Antioxidant Activity of Acerola Fruit (Malpighia glabra L.) at Two Stages of Ripeness     

Nunes Rda S  Kahl VF  Sarmento Mda S  Richter MF  Costa-Lotufo LV  Rodrigues FA  Abin-Carriquiry JA  Martinez MM  Ferronatto S  Ferraz Ade B  da Silva J 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(2):129-135

Genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of acerola fruit at two stages of ripeness were investigated using mice blood cells. The results show that no ripeness stage of acerola extracts presented any genotoxic potential to damage DNA (Comet assay) or cytotoxicity (MTT assay). When antigenotoxic activity was analyzed, unripe fruit presented higher DNA protection than ripe fruit (red color) extract. The antioxidant capacity of substances also showed that unripe samples inhibit the free radical DPPH more significantly than the ripe ones. The results about determination of compounds made using HPLC showed that unripe acerola presents higher levels of vitamin C as compared to ripe acerola. Thus, vitamin C and the complex mixture of nutrients of Malpighia glabra L., and especially its ripeness stages, influenced the interaction of the fruit extract with the DNA. Acerola is usually consumed when ripe (red fruit), although it is the green fruit (unripe) that has higher potential as beneficial to DNA, protecting it against oxidative stress.  相似文献   

Inhibition of anthracnose symptoms in common bean by treatment of seeds with essential oils of Ocimum gratissimum and Syzygium aromaticum and eugenol     

Silva  Adriene Aparecida  Pereira  Fernanda Aparecida Castro  de Souza  Elaine Aparecida  de Oliveira  Denilson Ferreira  Nobre  Danúbia Aparecida Costa  Macedo  Willian Rodrigues  Silva  Geraldo Humberto 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2022,163(4):865-874

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Essential oils (EOs) of Ocimum gratissimum and Syzygium aromaticum and eugenol were applied to common bean seeds harvested from plants with anthracnose...  相似文献   

Soil physico-chemical properties,biomass production,and root density in a green manure farming system from tropical ecosystem,North-eastern Brazil     

dos Santos Nascimento  Gislaine  de Souza  Tancredo Augusto Feitosa  da Silva  Lucas Jónatan Rodrigues  Santos  Djail 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2021,21(6):2203-2211

Purpose

Soil physico-chemical properties, biomass production, and root density are considered key factors indicating soil health in an agroecosystem. The soil physico-chemical changes and plant growth (e.g., shoot biomass production and root density) in a 6-year cultivation of plant species used as green manure in a sandy soil from Tropical ecosystem, North-eastern Brazil, were investigated between July and December 2019.

Material and methods

We characterized soil physical and chemical properties, shoot biomass production, and root density under ten plant species used as green manure: Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. cv. Basilisk, Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC, Crotalaria juncea L., Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don, Crotalaria spectabilis Roth, Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet, Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC, Neonotonia wightii (Wight & Arn.) J.A. Lackey, Pennisetum glaucum L., and Stilozobium aterrimum Piper and Tracy.

Results and discussion

The highest values of soil pH, exchangeable cations, CEC, and soil available water capacity were found on the plots where Poaceae plants were cultivated, whereas for H⁺+Al³⁺, C.E.C., soil available water, and soil available water capacity were found on the plots where Fabaceae plants were cultivated. On the plots where C. ensiformis and N. wightii were cultivated, we found the highest shoot dry biomass and root density, respectively. The results highlight the importance to consider plant species from both Poaceae and Fabaceae family used as green manure as soil conditioner (by promoting soil fertility, nutrient cycling, and hydraulic properties into plant root zone), and thus creating a positive plant-soil feedback.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that (1) a consecutive green manure practice without any input of fertilizers after 6 years changed positively both soil physical and chemical properties, and improve plant growth (e.g., shoot dry biomass and root density) in tropical savanna climate conditions; and (2) by altering soil fertility, both Poaceae and Fabaceae plants used as green manure may create a sustainable cycle into the soil profile thus promoting soil health.

  相似文献   

Temperature-dependent development rates of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bracon vulgaris,</Emphasis> a parasitoid of boll weevil     

F. S. Ramalho  P. A. Wanderley  J. B. Malaquias  K. C. V. Rodrigues  J. V. S. Souza  J. C. Zanuncio 《Phytoparasitica》2009,37(1):17-25

The duration of development of Bracon vulgaris Ashmead, parasitoid of the boll weevil Anthonomus grandis Boheman, was determined at nine constant temperatures between 18°C and 38°C. Nonlinear regression analysis was used to test the fit of temperature-dependent development rates to the Sharpe and DeMichele and Lactin et al. models. At the highest tested temperature (38°C) all the parasitoid eggs died before hatching and no evidence of development was observed. The high values of R ² for the models of Sharpe and DeMichele (0.8432 to 0.9834), and Lactin et al. (0.9071 to 0.9795) indicated that these models are suitable to estimate the development rate of B. vulgaris as a function of temperature. B. vulgaris showed tolerance to high temperature which is represented by the high value of H _H (change in enthalpy associated with high-temperature inactivation of the enzyme) for the prepupa stage of this insect obtained with the Sharpe and DeMichele model. According to that model, B. vulgaris exhibits thermal stress at 35.7°C, which indicates that maximum thermal stress estimated by this model was close to the real one.  相似文献