Multi-level characterization of perennial cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. race marie-galante Hutch.) populations from the northeastern Brazil to the breeding and conservation of this germplasm     

dos Santos Araújo  Fernando  Arriel  Nair Helena Castro  de Medeiros  Everaldo Paulo  de Lima  Liziane Maria  de Souza  Mayara Andrade  de Andrade  Alberício Pereira  de Lucena Alcântara Bruno  Riselane 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(3):1219-1227

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - The remaining populations of perennial cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. r. marie-galante Hutch.) that occur in northeastern Brazil are part of the primary gene...  相似文献   

Grapevine anthracnose in berries causes biochemical and enzymatic alterations     

Modesto  Lenon Romano  de Almeida  Anna Flávia Neri  Steiner  Daniel Ricardo Maass  Ribeiro  César Freitas  Nodari  Rubens Onofre  Welter  Leocir José  da Silva  Aparecido Lima 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2022,163(3):695-706

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Anthracnose (Elsinöe ampelina) is a major fungal disease in humid regions, causing damage to grapevine berries and decreasing fruit quality. Studies...  相似文献   

Unmanned aerial vehicle to evaluate frost damage in coffee plants     

Marin  Diego Bedin  Ferraz  Gabriel Araújo e Silva  Schwerz  Felipe  Barata  Rafael Alexandre Pena  de Oliveira Faria  Rafael  Dias  Jessica Ellen Lima 《Precision Agriculture》2021,22(6):1845-1860

Damage caused by frost on coffee plants can impact significantly in the reduction of crop quality and productivity. Remote sensing can be used to evaluate the damage caused by frost, providing precise and timely agricultural information to producers, assisting in decision making, and consequently minimizing production losses. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the potential use of multispectral images obtained by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to analyze and identify damage caused by frost in coffee plants in different climatic favorability zones. Visual evaluations of frost damage and chlorophyll content quantification were carried out in a commercial coffee plantation in Southern Minas Gerais, Brazil. The images were obtained from a multispectral camera coupled to a UAV with rotating wings. The results obtained demonstrated that the vegetation indices had a strong relationship and high accuracy with the frost damage. Among the indices studied the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was the one that had better performances (r?=?? 0.89, R²?=?0.79, MAE?=?10.87 e RMSE?=?14.35). In a simple way, this study demonstrated that multispectral images, obtained from UAV, can provide a fast, continuous, and accessible method to identify and evaluate frost damage in coffee plants. This information is essential for the coffee producer for decision-making and adequate crop management.

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湖南烟溪病圃稻瘟病菌的有性态及微卫星标记的遗传多样性分析   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

沈瑛  Julien FROUIN  何月秋  Claudia KAYE  肖放华  刘二明  Didier THARREAU 《中国水稻科学》2004,18(3):262-268

 用2对稻瘟病菌的两性能育菌株（交配型1.1和交配型1.2）测定了来自湖南烟溪病圃上的4年124个稻瘟病菌株的交配型，用微卫星分子标记分析其中105个菌株的遗传多样性及其亲缘关系。 124个菌株中， 28个为交配型1.1, 39个为交配型1.2， 57个不育, 分别占供试菌株的22.58%、31.45%和45.97%；在0.67相似性的基础上，7对微卫星引物扩增出的标记可将105个菌株区分为6个系谱群。  相似文献   

Cadmium Uptake in PEA Plants Under Environmentally-Relevant Exposures: The Risk of Food-Chain Transfer     

A. I. Gusmão Lima  S. I. A. Pereira  E. M. de Almeida Figueira  G. C. N. Caldeira  H. D. Q. Caldeira 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(12):2165-2177

ABSTRACT

The present work was designed to analyze cadmium (Cd) accumulation in Pisum sativum L. plants in a late stage of development, after an exposure to environmentally relevant Cd concentrations of 1, 3, and 30 μ mol L^{? 1} Cd. Cadmium exposure increased metal and thiol accumulation, not only in roots but also in the aerial organs of the plants. Nonetheless, except for the highest Cd exposure, plants did not show any evidence of Cd toxicity symptoms. Roots were found to be the main organs for Cd accumulation, but seeds also retained Cd, accumulating up to 2 μ g Cd g fw^{? 1}. The parameters related to reproduction, such as anthesis and fruit development, were more sensitive to incipient degrees of stress than the biomass gain itself. When compared to previous works using hydroponic cultures, our results evidenced striking differences in Cd and thiol accumulation, suggesting the importance of using more realistic conditions in Cd-stress studies. The analysis of Cd retention in fruits demonstrated that, even at the lower exposure, Cd levels were higher than those allowed for human consumption, hence posing a serious risk of food-chain transfer and confirming the need for more studies on Cd accumulation in contaminated soils.  相似文献   

Urban BTEX Spatiotemporal Exposure Assessment by Chemometric Expertise     

Aleksander Maria Astel  Luigi Giorgini  Andrea Mistaro  Italo Pellegrini  Sergio Cozzutto  Pierluigi Barbieri 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2013,224(4):1-17

Normative regulations on benzene in fuels and urban management strategies are expected to improve air quality. The present study deals with the application of self-organizing maps (SOMs) in order to explore the spatiotemporal variations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene levels in an urban atmosphere. Temperature, wind speed, and concentration values of these four volatile organic compounds were measured after passive sampling at 21 different sampling sites located in the city of Trieste (Italy) in the framework of a multi-year long-term monitoring program. SOM helps in defining pollution patterns and changes in the urban context, showing clear improvements for what concerns benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene concentrations in air for the 2001–2008 timeframe.  相似文献   

Development of an early warning system for a broiler house using computer vision     

Mohammadamin Kashiha  Arno Pluk  Claudia Bahr  Erik Vranken  Daniel Berckmans 《Biosystems Engineering》2013,116(1):36-45

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Pathogenicity and toxicity of Fusarium tucumaniae and Fusarium crassistipitatum to soybean and Arabidopsis thaliana     

Romina G. Rosati  Rocío S. Ramos  María M. Scandiani  Alicia G. Luque  Claudia P. Spampinato 《Plant pathology》2021,70(2):407-416

Sudden death syndrome (SDS) of soybean is a fungal disease caused by at least four distinct Fusarium species: F. tucumaniae, F. virguliforme, F. brasiliense, and F. crassistipitatum. All four species are present in Argentina. These fungi are soilborne pathogens that only colonize roots and cause root necrosis. However, damage also reaches the aboveground part of the plant, and foliar chlorosis and necrosis, followed by premature defoliation, can be observed. Although the pathogenicity and phytotoxicity of F. virguliforme has been well characterized, knowledge regarding disease development by other fungal species is scarce. In this study, two plant species, soybean (Glycine max) and Arabidopsis thaliana, and isolates from two fungal species, F. tucumaniae and F. crassistipitatum, were used to comparatively analyse the fungal pathogenicity and the phytotoxicity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and cell-free culture filtrates. Fungal inoculation had a significant effect on plant growth, regardless of the plant species. In addition, infected soybean plants showed disease incidence and foliar and root symptoms. Inhibition of A. thaliana growth was not due to VOCs emitted by fungi. Instead, both pathogens were shown to produce toxins that caused typical SDS foliar symptoms in soybean and root length reduction in A. thaliana. As far as we know, this is the first report that demonstrates that F. tucumaniae and F. crassistipitatum affect A. thaliana growth and emit VOCs, and that F. crassistipitatum produces toxins.  相似文献   

A novel lineage in the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex is one of the causal agents of fusarium rot on melon fruits in Northeast Brazil     

Eveline N. Lima  Andréia H. Oster  Patricia N. Bordallo  Antonio A. C. Araújo  Diene E. M. Silva  Cristiano S. Lima 《Plant pathology》2021,70(1):133-143

Fusarium rot on melon fruits is a postharvest disease and its importance in Brazil is increasing since its first report in 1999. Initially this disease was attributed to the fungus Fusarium semitectum based on pathogen morphology. However, there is controversy regarding the aetiology of this disease because, in the current species concept based on phylogenetic analysis, F. semitectum is regarded as a synonym to different Fusarium species. With the objective of elucidating the disease aetiology in Northeast Brazil, Fusarium isolates were obtained from melon fruits showing rot symptoms in the main producing areas of the country. From the phylogenetic analyses of TEF1 and RPB2 gene sequences, the isolates were identified as belonging to two phylogenetic species of the Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC), one in the Incarnatum clade (Fusarium sulawense) and the other in the Equiseti clade, which corresponds to a new lineage. The newly identified lineage is close to Fusarium lacertarum. Isolates from the two species showed morphological characteristics typical of the Incarnatum and Equiseti clades, agreeing with the molecular identification, and were pathogenic when inoculated on melon fruits. This is the first report of F. sulawense on melon fruits. The data generated in this study are potentially useful for a better management of the fusarium rot on melon.  相似文献   

Factors influencing biological traits and aggressiveness of Colletotrichum species associated with cashew anthracnose in Brazil     

Josiene S. Veloso  Waléria G. Lima  Ailton Reis  Vinson P. Doyle  Sami J. Michereff  Marcos P. S. Câmara 《Plant pathology》2021,70(1):167-180

Anthracnose is the main fungal disease on cashew orchards in Brazil, occurring on both vegetative and reproductive organs of cultivated and noncultivated host plants. Understanding the effect of physical and chemical exogenous factors on the biological traits of Colletotrichum spp. and determining their host range are key to developing appropriate anthracnose control measures. The present study aimed to estimate the optimum temperatures for mycelial growth, sporulation, and conidial germination of seven Colletotrichum species (C. chrysophilum, C. fragariae, C. fructicola, C. gloeosporioides, C. queenslandicum, C. siamense, and C. tropicale) associated with cashew anthracnose in Brazil. Their aggressiveness on cashew leaves and six alternative host fruits, and their sensitivity to three fungicides were also investigated. The optimum temperatures for mycelial growth, sporulation, and conidial germination ranged from about 25 to about 33°C. All Colletotrichum species induced anthracnose symptoms on wounded cashew leaves, but none of them caused lesions on intact leaf surfaces. The Colletotrichum species, except for C. fragariae and C. fructicola, were pathogenic to wounded fruits of avocado, banana, guava, mango, and papaya, and some isolates also produced lesions on nonwounded fruit tissues. No symptoms were observed on passion fruits, regardless of the inoculation method. Mycelial growth, sporulation, conidial germination, and/or appressorial formation of the seven Colletotrichum species were inhibited by azoxystrobin, difenoconazole, and thiophanate-methyl to varying degrees. The present study will contribute to the development of forecasting models based on prevailing weather of cashew cropping zones and improve cashew anthracnose management in Brazil.  相似文献