Anterior cingulate conflict monitoring and adjustments in control     

Kerns JG  Cohen JD  MacDonald AW  Cho RY  Stenger VA  Carter CS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5660):1023-1026

Conflict monitoring by the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been posited to signal a need for greater cognitive control, producing neural and behavioral adjustments. However, the very occurrence of behavioral adjustments after conflict has been questioned, along with suggestions that there is no direct evidence of ACC conflict-related activity predicting subsequent neural or behavioral adjustments in control. Using the Stroop color-naming task and controlling for repetition effects, we demonstrate that ACC conflict-related activity predicts both greater prefrontal cortex activity and adjustments in behavior, supporting a role of ACC conflict monitoring in the engagement of cognitive control.  相似文献   

Agricultural genetics goes to court     

Fox JL  Norman C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,221(4618):1355

A coalition of environmental groups headed by activist Jeremy Rifkin has filed lawsuits to halt experiments that would release genetically engineered organisms into the environment. One suit, filed against the National Institutes of Health on 14 September 1983, would block tests by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley. A second suit, filed 16 September 1983 against Cetus Madison and BioTechnica, seeks to halt field tests that had been approved by NIH's Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. At issue are NIH's role in evaluating the risks of genetic experimentation, and the public's right of access to proprietary information.  相似文献   

Lengthening the Carbon Chain of Sugars     

Rosenthal A  Read D  Cameron C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1956,123(3209):1177-1178

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Ecology. Mosquito trials     

James S  Simmons CP  James AA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6057):771-772

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Forced unfolding of proteins within cells     

Johnson CP  Tang HY  Carag C  Speicher DW  Discher DE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5838):663-666

To identify cytoskeletal proteins that change conformation or assembly within stressed cells, in situ labeling of sterically shielded cysteines with fluorophores was analyzed by fluorescence imaging, quantitative mass spectrometry, and sequential two-dye labeling. Within red blood cells, shotgun labeling showed that shielded cysteines in the two isoforms of the cytoskeletal protein spectrin were increasingly labeled as a function of shear stress and time, indicative of forced unfolding of specific domains. Within mesenchymal stem cells-as a prototypical adherent cell-nonmuscle myosin IIA and vimentin are just two of the cytoskeletal proteins identified that show differential labeling in tensed versus drug-relaxed cells. Cysteine labeling of proteins within live cells can thus be used to fluorescently map out sites of molecular-scale deformation, and the results also suggest means to colocalize signaling events such as phosphorylation with forced unfolding.  相似文献   

2010 Visualization Challenge     

Nesbit J  Norman C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6019):847-856

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A mutation in the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase that disrupts regulation   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

L R Levin  J Kuret  K E Johnson  S Powers  S Cameron  T Michaeli  M Wigler  M J Zoller 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,240(4848):68-70

A mutant catalytic subunit of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase has been isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is no longer subject to regulation yet retains its catalytic activity. Biochemical analysis of the mutant subunit indicates a 100-fold decreased affinity for the regulatory subunit. The mutant catalytic subunit exhibits approximately a threefold increase in Michaelis constant for adenosine triphosphate and peptide cosubstrates, and is essentially unchanged in its catalytic rate. The nucleotide sequence of the mutant gene contains a single nucleotide change resulting in a threonine-to-alanine substitution at amino acid 241. This residue is conserved in other serine-threonine protein kinases. These results identify this threonine as an important contact between catalytic and regulatory subunits but only a minor contact in substrate recognition.  相似文献   

Genetically engineered plants get a green light     

Norman C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,222(4619):35

The National Institutes of Health's Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee has given conditional approval to a proposal by the Cetus Madison Corporation to field test plants that have been genetically manipulated to resist some diseases. The committee made no recommendation, however, on another field test proposed by BioTechnica International Inc. Both proposals had been challenged by a coalition of environmental groups led by Jeremy Rifkin, who has now filed a freedom of information request to NIH asking for documents pertaining to their health and safety aspects.  相似文献   

Ethics panel faces the ax     

Norman C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1982,218(4571):456

The President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, scheduled to go out of business on 31 December 1982, requested a three-month extension of its life to complete several reports. This brief news item reports that the requested extension was added as an amendment to a budget bill by the Senate but then stripped from the bill by a House-Senate conference committee.  相似文献   

Biodiversity in Sri Lanka and the Western Ghats     

Helgen KM  Groves CP 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,308(5719):199; author reply 199

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