Studies on the role of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) as a potential definitive host of Neospora caninum     

Constantin EM  Schares G  Grossmann E  Sauter K  Romig T  Hartmann S 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2011,124(3-4):148-153

Neospora (N.) caninum is a protozoan parasite which is regarded as a major cause of abortion in cattle. Dogs and coyotes are definitive hosts of N. caninum which may shed environmentally resistant stages, oocysts, in their feces. Epidemiological studies in Germany showed that the presence of dogs increased the risk of a bovine herd to be N. caninum-positive in a bulk-milk ELISA test. However, there were also N. caninum-positive herds where dogs were not kept together with cattle.This leads to the question whether canids other than dogs, e.g., foxes, might be involved in the horizontal transmission of N. caninum. Therefore, the aim of our examinations in wild animals was to find out whether there are indications for a sylvatic cycle with foxes as definitive hosts and deer, roe deer and wild mice samples contained structures which resembled those of coccidian oocysts. In 13 of these 65 samples coccidian DNA was detected using a 18S rRNA gene based polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The examination of the 65 samples in a N. caninum-specific PCR revealed no positive result. Hammondia (H.) heydorni-DNA was detected in two samples. In addition, brain samples from 528 foxes, 224 wild mice, 16 deer and roe deer as well as from 1 wild boar were examined for the presence of N. caninum DNA by real time PCR. All samples tested negative by PCR. In conclusion, our study yielded no evidence indicating that the examined animals were part of a sylvatic cycle for N. caninum.  相似文献   

Untersuchungen über den Nährstoffgehalt der Waldhumusauflagen unter Berücksichtigung der mineralischen Unterlage und Betrachtungen über ihre Bedeutung für die Ertragsfähigkeit der Waldböden     

Constantin D. Chirita 《European Journal of Forest Research》1931,53(14):499-513

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über Haubarkeits- und Zwischennutzung und deren WechselverhÄltnis in der Waldertragsregelung     

Dr. oec. publ. Constantin G. Sklawunos 《European Journal of Forest Research》1923,45(10):369-382

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Cell-mediated immunity in mouse experimental coxsackie A9 virus infection     

Constantin Voiculescu  Constantin Nedelcu  Lucia Stanciu  Rodica Tomescu  Mirela Tǎţulescu  Elena Paulescu 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1980,3(3):337-343

Using a human A₉ Coxsackievirus strain as antigen and different-aged A₂G inbred mice as receptors an in vitro secondary cell-mediated immune response was noticed, revealed by means of two markers, i.e. leukocyte migration inhibition and T spleen lymphocyte blastogenesis, in the presence of viral antigen.  相似文献   

Spread of glyphosate‐resistant sourgrass (Digitaria insularis): Independent selections or merely propagule dissemination?          下载免费PDF全文

Hudson K. Takano  Rubem S. de Oliveira Jr.  Jamil Constantin  Claudete A. Mangolim  Maria de F.P.S. Machado  Maycon R.R. Bevilaqua 《Weed Biology and Management》2018,18(1):50-59

The first reports of glyphosate‐resistant (GR) sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) came from Paraguay (2005) and from South and Southeast Brazil, in Paraná (2008), and São Paulo state (2009). The hypothesis of this research is that the evolution of these resistant populations might have occurred independently. To test this hypothesis, a dose–response experiment was conducted in order to confirm resistance and inter simple sequence repeat markers subsequently were evaluated in five sourgrass populations from Paraguay (PY‐R), Paraná (PR‐S and PR‐R), and São Paulo (SP‐S and SP‐R). Resistant populations were confirmed in PY‐R, PR‐R and SP‐R. The resistant populations presented lower polymorphism than susceptible populations, possibly related to the selection pressure exerted by the herbicide. Both similarity matrix and dendrogram provided evidences that the origin of resistance in the populations from Paraguay and Paraná could be the same, which also is explained by their geographical proximity. In contrast, the evolution of GR populations in São Paulo was suggested to occur independently from other locations because resistance evolved in genetically divergent populations. This study’s data provide evidences that GR sourgrass populations from Paraguay and Paraná share a similar genetic background; therefore, it is possible that resistance from Paraguay spread to Paraná through gene flow. The population from São Paulo probably was selected independently because the high values of its genetic structure and low level of gene flow. Independent selections and seed dispersion of GR sourgrass have contributed to the rapid spread of resistance across South America.  相似文献   

A Gaussian multi-component model for the tree diameter distribution in old-growth forests     

Sergiu Andrei Horodnic  Cătălin Constantin Roibu 《European Journal of Forest Research》2018,137(2):185-196

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Removal of Tartrazine from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption on Activated Red Mud     

Ionela-Gabriela Bacioiu  Ligia Stoica  Carolina Constantin  Ana-Maria Stanescu 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2017,228(8):298

In this study, activated red mud was used to develop an effective adsorbent in order to remove a toxic azo dye (tartrazine E102) from aqueous solutions. To increase the adsorption capacity, the red mud was activated by acid-heat treatment using 20 wt.% HCl (RM-HCl). To establish the optimum operating parameters, the influence of pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial dye concentration, and stirring rate was investigated. The adsorption equilibrium was studied using Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Temkin isotherm models, and the characteristic parameters for each adsorption isotherm were determined. The kinetics of the adsorption process was analyzed by means of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The maximum removal efficiency obtained under optimum conditions was 84.72%. These results were in accordance with the isotherm and kinetic data. The results suggested that tartrazine adsorption process follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and also that fits Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was 136.98 mg/g.  相似文献   

Characterization of stage-specific and cross-reactive antigens from Eimeria acervulina by chicken monoclonal antibodies     

Constantinoiu CC  Lillehoj HS  Matsubayashi M  Tani H  Matsuda H  Sasai K  Baba E 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(4):403-408

The characterization of five chicken monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that were developed against apical complex antigens of Eimeria acervulina sporozoites is realized and the mAbs reactivity to merozoites belonging to this species is tested. Using immuno-fluorescence assay (IFA), one mAb (HE-4) that recognized apical antigens common to sporozoites of E. acervulina and E. brunetti bound antigens localized on the apical tip of merozoites from all stages of development examined. The mAb 8E-1, reactive with antigens found on the apical tip of all chicken Eimeria sporozoites, also showed binding to antigens common to merozoites from all generations. Another mAb, 8C-3, which identified an antigen shared by sporozoites apical tip and sporocysts wall of E. acervulina reacted very weak and inconstantly with the merozoites from all generations whereas the mAbs 5D-11 and 8D-2 that recognized antigens shared by the sporozoites of E. acervulina and E. maxima (mAb 5D-11) and E. acervulina and E. brunetti (mAb 8D-2) did not react with the merozoites from any generation. Collectively, these results showed that the invasive stages of chicken Eimeria share cross reactive apical complex antigens which are inter-species and inter-generation-specific that might be components of a potential recombinant vaccine.  相似文献   

Effect of genotype, sex and rearing temperature on carcase and meat quality of guinea fowl   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Baeza E  Juin H  Rebours G  Constantin P  Marche G  Leterrier C 《British poultry science》2001,42(4):470-476

1. The aim of our study was to analyse the effect of genotype (label and standard), sex and rearing temperature (simulating daily outdoor in the summer or winter) on the carcase and meat quality of guinea fowl. Using 20 animals per treatment, slaughtered at 96 d of age we measured the breast angle and the thickness of the skin on the wing membrane. Carcases were weighed and cut into parts according to a standardised procedure to determine the percentages of abdominal fat, breasts, wings and thighs with shanks. 2. At slaughter, standard guinea fowl were heavier than label guinea fowl and for both genotypes, the females were heavier than the males (+5.6%). The mean value of breast angle was 85 degrees. This value was significantly higher for the standard guinea fowls and for the females of both genotypes compared with males. Thus, female carcases, particularly standard females, were more compact. The skin was thicker for the standard guinea fowls (0.84 mm vs 0.77 mm) which could be due to more subcutaneous fat. 3. Carcase yield was higher for the males (68.7% vs 68.2%). The percentage of abdominal fat was higher for the standard guinea fowls (2.8% vs 2.4%) and for the females of both genotypes compared with males. The label guinea fowls had higher yields of breasts and thighs with shanks. For both lines, the breast and thigh meat of females was judged more tender and less stringy. 4. Low rearing temperature decreased growth performance but had no significant effect on carcase quality.  相似文献   

Photodynamic herbicides VIII. Mandatory requirement of light for the induction of protoporphyrin IX accumulation in acifluorfen-treated cucumber     

Ujjanagouda B. Nandihalli  Rex A. Liebl  Constantin A. Rebeiz 《Pest management science》1991,31(1):9-23

It is shown that continuous illumination is mandatory for the induction of tetrapyrrole accumulation in acifluorfen-sodium-treated plants and for the photosensitization of tetrapyrrole-dependent photodynamic damage. At low concentrations of acifluorfen-sodium (up to 20 μM), photoporphyrin IX appears to be the major light-induced tetrapyrrole that accumulates in the treated plants. At higher concentrations of acifluorfen-sodium, monovinyl chlorophyllide a accumulates in addition to protoporphyrin IX. In the light, the development of photodynamic injury appears to be directly related to the accumulation of the light-induced tetrapyrroles. For example when acifluorfen-sodium-treated plants are returned to darkness, or are treated with tetrapyrrole biosynthesis inhibitors, tetrapyrrole accumulation and photodynamic injury come to a halt. In-vivo and in-organello studies failed, however, to support the commonly held hypothesis that the induction of tetrapyrrole accumulation in the light, in acifluorfen-sodium-treated plants, is only dependent on the inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase. Indeed, when plastids capable of very high rates of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and accumulation were incubated with δ-aminolevulinic acid and acifluorfen-sodium, either in darkness or in the light, a severe inhibition of protoporphyrin IX and total terapyrrole formation was observed. Althoung these results are compatible with the inhibition of tetrapyrrole formation by acifluorfensodium at the level of protoporphyrinogen oxidase, they indicate that, in addition to that inhibition, other cuellular processes are probably involved in the light-dependent accumulation of protoporphyrin IX in acifluorfensodium-treated plants.  相似文献