Demonstration of uniformity of calcium absorption in adult dogs and cats          下载免费PDF全文

J. K. Mack  L. G. Alexander  P. J. Morris  B. Dobenecker  E. Kienzle 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2015,99(5):801-809

A meta‐analysis was conducted to understand quantitative aspects of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) absorption in adult dogs and cats. 34 studies in dogs and 14 studies in cats met the criteria for inclusion in the meta‐analysis. Intake and faecal excretion values of Ca and P were subjected to a modified Lucas test and subsequent regression analyses. According to the current scientific consensus, Ca true digestibility (absorption) should increase at low Ca intake and decrease at high Ca intake. If true, this should result in a nonlinear relationship between the percentage of Ca excreted and dietary Ca intake. The present meta‐analysis showed a highly significant linear relationship (p < 0.0001) between Ca intake and Ca excretion suggesting a lack of systematic quantitative adaptation in true Ca digestibility. This finding suggests either that the time period covered by standard digestion trials is too short to induce adaptation mechanisms or that dogs and cats at maintenance will not efficiently alter quantitative Ca absorption percentage according to the amount ingested. If the latter is true, a dietary Ca supply differing greatly from the recommended dietary intake might impair the health of cats and dogs when fed long term. The data plots for P intake and faecal excretion were less uniform suggesting other factors not just dietary intake influence faecal P excretion. In adult cats, the dietary Ca:P ratio strongly influenced the true digestibility of P, whereas this effect was less marked in adult dogs. Faecal P excretion was significantly correlated to faecal Ca excretion in both species (p < 0.0001), and surprisingly, the level of P intake did not appear to be an important determinant of true digestibility of P.  相似文献   

A longitudinal observational study of Salmonella shedding patterns by commercial turkeys during rearing and fattening,showing limitations of some control measures     

V.K. Morris  J.J. Carrique-Mas  D. Mueller-Doblies  R.H. Davies  A.D. Wales  V.M. Allen 《British poultry science》2015,56(1):48-57

1. The onset and progression of Salmonella infections was investigated in commercial turkey flocks from placement at 1 d old until slaughter in “brood and move” systems using a longitudinal observational approach based on faeces and environmental sampling with subsequent culture of Salmonella.

2. Persistent Salmonella Newport contamination was found within rearing houses and on their external concrete aprons after cleaning and disinfection between crops of heavily shedding young birds.

3. Salmonella shedding was often detected by 5 d of age and the frequency of positive samples peaked at 14–35 d. Thereafter Salmonella isolations declined, especially in the later (fattening) stages. Samples were still Salmonella-positive at low prevalence in half of the intensively sampled houses at slaughter age.

4. A number of management interventions to combat Salmonella infection of flocks, including sourcing policy, competitive exclusion cultures and cleaning and disinfection, were inadequate to prevent flock infection, although improved disinfection on one unit was associated with a delay in the onset of flock infection.

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The effect of feeding FiberProtect® on stallion sperm morphology     

N.L. Stowers  J.A. Blomfield  L.A. Waldron  L.H.A. Morris  I.D. Pryor 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

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Evaluation of antioxidant dietary supplementation on semen quality parameters in New Zealand Standardbred stallions     

J. Blomfield  L. Tucker  L. McLeay  L.H.A. Morris 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

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Influence of multiple amino acid supplementation on the performance of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), fed soya based diets   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S J Davies  P C Morris 《Aquaculture Research》1997,28(1):65-74

Using rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), of approximately 50 g, a 63 day feeding trial was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of individual and multiple amino acid supplements in diets where soyabean meal was used as the principle protein source. Iso-nitrogenous diets (45% crude protein) were formulated where the control diet (F) contained fishmeal as the reference protein and a solvent extracted soyabean meal (S) replaced approximately 66% of this protein source. The soyabean containing diets were then supplemented with crystalline amino acids thus; methionine only, dual supplemented with two methionine and lysine levels and finally, a supplement comprising methionine, lysine, tryptophan, threonine, arginine and histidine. The results showed that soyabean meal (SBM) was inferior to the reference protein when SBM was used to replace 66% of the fishmeal and that no significant restoration in growth, feed efficiency and apparent net protein utilization was obtained by either methionine only or dual methionine and lysine supplementation. However, by comparison with the fish fed the unsupplemented, single and dual supplemented diets, multiple amino acid incorporation was associated with significantly improved percentage weight gain, specific growth rate and marginal improvements in apparent net protein utilization. However, performance was not equal to that of the fish fed the fishmeal based control diet. The results are discussed with respect to the level of each of the essential amino acids (EAA) as a proportion of the total EAAs (A/E index) of test diets by reference to the whole body tissue amino acid profile of rainbow trout.  相似文献   

A Benthic Sampler for Plastic-lined Ponds     

Joseph E.  Morris Richard D.  Clayton 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2007,38(2):318-321

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Pragmatic population viability targets in a rapidly changing world   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lochran W. Traill  Barry W. Brook  Corey J.A. Bradshaw 《Biological conservation》2010,143(1):28-34

To ensure both long-term persistence and evolutionary potential, the required number of individuals in a population often greatly exceeds the targets proposed by conservation management. We critically review minimum population size requirements for species based on empirical and theoretical estimates made over the past few decades. This literature collectively shows that thousands (not hundreds) of individuals are required for a population to have an acceptable probability of riding-out environmental fluctuation and catastrophic events, and ensuring the continuation of evolutionary processes. The evidence is clear, yet conservation policy does not appear to reflect these findings, with pragmatic concerns on feasibility over-riding biological risk assessment. As such, we argue that conservation biology faces a dilemma akin to those working on the physical basis of climate change, where scientific recommendations on carbon emission reductions are compromised by policy makers. There is no obvious resolution other than a more explicit acceptance of the trade-offs implied when population viability requirements are ignored. We recommend that conservation planners include demographic and genetic thresholds in their assessments, and recognise implicit triage where these are not met.  相似文献   

Monoclonal antibodies for diagnosis of infection with Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo by immunofluorescence     

A E Stevens  S A Headlam  D G Pritchard  C J Thorns  J A Morris 《The Veterinary record》1985,116(22):593-594

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疾病的演化     

钟伟  R.S.Morris  R.R.Davies  D.E.Lawton 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2002,(5):32-33

许多因素造成了疾病的演化 ,我们会面临什么样的未来呢 ?  相似文献   

DENTIGEROUS CYST IN THE VENTRAL CONCHAL SINUS OF A HORSE     

Scott R.  McClure  DVM  James  Schumacher  DVM  MS  Earl L.  Morris  DVM  MS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1993,34(5):334-335

A 14-year-old Quarter Horse was presented for evaluation of a chronic, intermittent purulent discharge from the left nostril. A radioopaque mass and multiple, air-fluid interfaces in the paranasal sinuses were identified on survey radiographs. The mass was removed and identified as a dentigerous cyst. Substantiated reports of dentigerous cysts in the paranasal sinuses are rare.  相似文献