Effect of pea plant architecture on spatiotemporal epidemic development of ascochyta blight (Mycosphaerella pinodes) in the field     

C. Le May  B. Ney  E. Lemarchand  A. Schoeny  B. Tivoli 《Plant pathology》2009,58(2):332-343

The effect of pea canopy structure on epidemics of Mycosphaerella pinodes was investigated in four spring pea cultivars (Bridge, Obelisque, Solara and Athos) in two field experiments. These cultivars had similar levels of susceptibility to ascochyta blight and presented different architectural features (branching, standing ability and stem height). Stem height ranged from 77 to 95 cm in 1999 and from 72 to 92 cm in 2000, while leaf area index (LAI) ranged from 3·8 to 5·1 in 1999 and from 3·8 to 4·7 in 2000. Internode lengths varied from 4·6 to 6·0 in 1999 and from 3·8 to 4·7 in 2000. Mean distance between nodes in the canopy (MDN) ranged from 12·2 to 15·3 cm in 1999 and from 11·2 to 13·9 cm in 2000. Canopies with different architecture differed in disease progression on stipules and mainly on pods. The levels of disease on stipules and pods were strongly correlated. Moreover, if disease was considered as a function of stipule height up the stem, large differences in vertical disease distribution were observed between cultivars. Three architectural features acted on disease development: cumulative LAI above the node on which disease was assessed (LAIcum) and large MDN favouring disease development, and large internode length reducing disease severity. Modifying LAI distribution and plant organization could be one way to reduce the impact of ascochyta blight, by direct or indirect effects on environmental and dispersal conditions.  相似文献   

甲状腺癌术后肢体麻木28例临床及肌电分析     

王可人  叶玉琴  崔有斌  许宁  张乐  续哲莉 《内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,30(3):244-246

目的：分析甲状腺癌术后肢体麻木患者的不同临床及肌电表现。方法：结合临床资料及肌电图表现,对28例甲状腺癌术后肢体麻木患者的诊断和治疗情况进行分析。结果：28例患者均存在轻度的低钙血症,其中2例患者肌电图提示周围神经病变,给予单纯补钙治疗无缓解;余患者肌电图正常,补钙治疗后症状消失。结论：甲状腺癌术后患者肢体麻木原因除低钙血症外,还应注意除外少数患者的周围神经病变;早期行肌电图检查可辅助临床明确病因。  相似文献   

N-苯基-N′-甲基苯基脲的合成及其生物活性研究     

耿会玲  吴文君  潘乐 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,37(4):203-207

【目的】建立N-苯基N′-甲基苯基脲类化合物的合成方法,并分析其生物活性。【方法】在三乙胺存在的条件下,苯胺与氯甲酸甲酯反应生成苯胺基甲酸甲酯,后者不经分离再与过量甲基苯胺反应即可生成N-苯基-N′-甲基苯基脲;采用红外光谱和质谱对目标化合物的结构进行表征,并以丰光萝卜种子为材料,采用萝卜子叶扩张生长法测定其对进细胞分裂的促进活性。【结果】第一步反应回流30 min即可;通过正交试验优化得到第二步反应的条件为:140℃回流3.0 h得N-苯基-N-′(4-甲基苯基)脲,产率为87.4%;152℃回流4.5 h得N-苯基-N-′(2-甲基苯基)脲,产率为81.5%;155℃回流5.5 h得N-苯基-N-′(3-甲基苯基)脲,产率为80.4%。3种化合物的质量浓度为0.01~1.00 mg/L时,均对萝卜子叶的生长有明显的促进作用,其中以1.00 mg/L N-苯基-N-′(3-甲基苯基)脲的活性最高。【结论】氯甲酸甲酯法具有操作方便安全、产率高、后处理简单和"一锅煮"等优点,适于实验室和工业生产使用。3个甲基取代的二苯基脲类化合物均可较好地促进萝卜子叶的扩张,其活性按间位、对位和邻位依次递减。  相似文献   

光合细菌固定化及其处理含油废水的研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

毛雪慧  徐明芳  刘辉  曾乐  肖娜 《农业环境科学学报》2009,28(7)

采用固定化光合细菌PSBRS(Rhodobacter sphaeroides)处理含油废水.比较了3种不同包埋材料固定化光合细菌处理含油废水的效果,对固定化光合细菌去除废水中油的工艺条件进行了优化,并分析了油降解后的脂肪酸成分.通过几种固定化工艺的比较,确定了2%沸石+2%海藻酸钠(CA)的凝胶剂组合作为共固定材料.结果表明,该同定化颗粒降解1 000mL含油废水的最佳使用条件为:好氧避光条件下,粒径4 mm,包埋比1:2,颗粒投加量10 g.6 d后含油废水中油、NH+4-N、PO3-4的去除率分别为80.1%、87.4%、96.3%.通过固定化光合细菌与游离态光合细菌对油去除率的比较,固定化光合细菌去油率达到74.95%,与游离态PSBRS(去油率为35.31%)相比,提高约50%以上.此外,分析了油降解后的脂肪酸成分,固定化光合细菌对脂肪酸的去除效果显著,为今后开展高效处理含油废水的微生物筛选和固定化技术研究奠定了基础.  相似文献   

试述图书馆Web站点信息检索的发展对策     

王本欣  曲红 《农业网络信息》2009,(7):76-77

计算机信息检索技术的发展使网络信息资源得以快捷利用,本文分析了计算机检索的发展与现状,以及检索技术的实现方法.  相似文献   

农杆菌敏感小麦基因型的筛选及其转化   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

叶兴国  王艳丽  康乐  杜丽璞  徐惠君 《作物学报》2005,31(12):1552-1556

利用C58c1农杆菌菌株（其携带的pPTN290质粒载体上含有nptⅡ 基因和GUS基因）为供体材料和小麦幼胚为受体材料,对我国35个春小麦基因型进行了农杆菌敏感性研究和转化研究。组织化学染色结果表明,PM97034、P187、巴140105、扬麦158、新春9号和克丰6号等基因型农杆菌感染后GUS基因瞬时表达率达到了15.0% ~ 30.0%,显著高于模式基因型Bobwhite。其余幼胚分别在含10-25mg/L G418培养基上诱导愈伤组织和分化植株,抗性再生植株经ELISA检测、PCR检测、叶片离体退绿检测、X-Gluc染色检测和Southerm blot检测,最终从新春9号和PM97034的农秆菌转化效率高于Bobwhite. Southerm blot检测结果同时表明,外源基因在多数转基因植株中表现为单拷贝整合。T₁代植株ELISA检测结果和PCR检测结果表明,外源基因在个别株系中的分离符合孟德尔遗传规律,而在多数株系中的分离偏离了孟德尔遗传规律。阳性植株与阴性植株分离比经X²。适合性检测,表明外源基因在多数株系中的遗传符合3：1分离规律。本文首次对不同小麦基因型进行了农秆菌敏感和转化效率研究,筛选到新春9号和PM97034两个对农杆菌比较敏感且转化效率比较高的基因型,可望广泛用于小麦转基因研究。  相似文献   

禾谷镰刀菌培养性状与致病力的相关性分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

赵纯森马星霞  武爱波瞿波 廖玉才 《华中农业大学学报》2005,24(3):254-257

选择来自我国12省市有代表性的101株禾谷镰刀菌菌株,比较它们在PDA培养基上的表型性状以及在CMS液中的产孢量;并于田间小麦开花期,用单花剪滴法接种3个抗赤霉病性不同的小麦品种,鉴定其致病力,用SAS软件进行统计分析。结果表明,菌落扩展速度不同的菌株问,其致病力差异显著;相关分析证实,菌落扩展速度与致病力之问呈极显著线性正相关(P=0．0003),菌丝生长状况与致病力之间呈极显著非线性相关(P=0．0083),而基质颜色和产孢量与致病力没有相关性。这些结果说明,禾谷镰刀菌菌落的扩展速度及菌丝生长状况与致病力之间具有共同的遗传基础或遗传相关性。  相似文献   

以15N研究烤烟对饼肥和秸秆肥中氮素的吸收与分配   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

封幸兵  李佛琳杨跃 瞿兴苏帆  付丽波陈华 洪丽芳 《华中农业大学学报》2005,24(6):604-609

应用^15N稳定性同位素示踪技术,研究了^15N-菜籽饼肥和^15N-秸秆肥与无机肥不同配比和不同施肥方法等不同处理中烤烟对饼肥和秸秆肥中氮素的吸收利用效果。结果表明：（1）烤烟各器官来自肥料的氮（NDFF％）随着饼肥和秸秆肥施用量的增加而增加,且有顶权〉上部叶〉中部叶〉下部叶〉茎〉根的趋势;（2）烤烟对饼肥中氮素利用率显著高于秸秆肥,饼肥组合中在下部叶成熟时达到高峰,以后稍有降低,且以25％饼肥＋75％硝铵全基施利用率最高,达到40．07％。秸秆肥组合中以25％秸秆肥＋75％全基施利用率最高,且各处理烟株整个生育期利用率持续上升,不利于上部烟叶落黄成熟;（3）秸秆肥处理的回收率较饼肥处理的普遍要高,都在90％左右,土壤残留率高,不利于前期烟草的生长。饼肥处理中以25％饼肥＋75％硝铵全基施的回收率较高,达到81．80％;（4）土壤“AN”值以25％饼肥＋75％硝铵基追各半和25％秸秆肥＋75％硝铵基追各半最高,说明土壤有机肥施用量不宜偏高,一般以保持中等施肥水平较好。  相似文献   

杉木优良种源及其冻害苗造林效果分析          下载免费PDF全文

沈辛作  瞿巧文  洪昌端  张都海 《林业科学研究》1996,9(1):101-104

杉木优良种源及其冻害苗造林效果分析沈辛作，瞿巧文，洪昌端，张都海关键词杉木，优良种源，冻害通过两次全分布区和一次有限分布区杉木［ＣｕｎｎｉｎｇｈａｍｉａｌａｎｃｅｏｌａｔａＬａｍｂ．（Ｈｏｏｋ，）］种源试验，证实了种源间的树高、胸径、材积和结实等都存...  相似文献   

Single Cystosorus Isolate Production and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Characterization of the Obligate Biotroph Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea     

Qu X  Christ BJ 《Phytopathology》2006,96(10):1157-1163

ABSTRACT Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea causes powdery scab in potatoes and is distributed worldwide. Genetic studies of this pathogen have been hampered due, in part, to its obligate parasitism and the lack of molecular markers for this pathogen. In this investigation, a single cystosorus inoculation technique was developed to produce large amounts of S. subterranea f. sp. subterranea plasmodia or zoosporangia in eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum) roots from which DNA was extracted. Cryopreservation of zoosporangia was used for long-term storage of the isolates. S. subterranea f. sp. subterranea-specific restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were developed from randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fragments. Cystosori of S. subterranea f. sp. subterranea were used for RAPD assays and putative pathogen-specific RAPD fragments were cloned and sequenced. The fragments were screened for specificity by Southern hybridization and subsequent DNA sequence BLAST search. Four polymorphic S. subterranea f. sp. subterranea-specific probes containing repetitive elements, and one containing single copy DNA were identified. These RFLP probes were then used to analyze 24 single cystosorus isolates derived from eight geographic locations in the United States and Canada. Genetic variation was recorded among, but not within, geographic locations. Cluster analysis separated the isolates into two major groups: group I included isolates originating from western North America, with the exception of those from Colorado, and group II included isolates originating from eastern North America and from Colorado. The techniques developed in this study, i.e., production of single cystosorus isolates of S. subterranea f. sp. subterranea and development of RFLP markers for this pathogen, provide methods to further study the genetic structure of S. subterranea f. sp. subterranea.  相似文献